| # Pest fruit flies of the world |

L.E. Carroll, I.M. White, A. Freidberg, A.L. Norrbom, M.J. Dallwitz, and F.C. Thompson

### Adrama apicalis Shiraki

Adrama media Hering

Body. Body elongate; predominantly black or dark fuscous.

Head. Number of frontal bristles two pairs. Number of orbital bristles one pair. Anterior orbital bristle of male normal, unmodified. Posterior orbital bristles reclinate; acuminate. Ocellar bristles absent or minute, like setulae. With both inner and outer vertical bristles. Outer vertical, postvertical and postocellar bristles all acuminate. Postocular bristles acuminate; reduced in number and size, hardly detectable in 25x. Head higher than long. Male and female head width the same (?). Frontofacial angle less than a right angle and strongly projected, or about equal to a right angle and angular. Face concave; without transverse sulcus, antennal grooves, or carina; shorter than frons; vertical; with a transverse band, or bicolorous, with ventral part black (large subquadrate spot along epistoma). Parafacial spot absent. Fronto-orbital plate setulose. Frontal stripe setulose. Eye round, about as high or slightly higher than long. Antenna about as long as face. Scape, pedicel, and first flagellomere all relatively short. First flagellomere as long as face; rounded apically. Arista longer than first flagellomere; plumose, with hairs at least half as long as first flagellomere width (short); hairs both dorsal and ventral. Proboscis short, capitate.

Thorax. Inner scapular bristle present and distinguishable from surrounding vestiture. Outer scapular bristle present and distinguishable from surrounding vestiture. Postpronotal bristle absent. Presutural supra-alar bristle absent. Postsutural supra-alar bristle present. Acrostichal bristle absent. Postsutural dorsocentral bristle absent. Intra-alar bristle present, well developed, similar to postalar bristle. Intrapostalar bristles absent. Number of scutellar bristles two pairs. Apical scutellar bristles as long as basals or longer. Anterior notopleural bristle present. Posterior notopleural bristle(s) acuminate. Number of outstanding anepisternal bristles one. Katepisternal bristles absent. Anepisternal bristles dark, brown to black. Long, erect setulae on laterotergite present. Scutellum sparsely setulose, or densely setulose. Setulae on scutellum short, decumbent. Transverse suture with the lateral branches wide apart. Complete sclerotized postcoxal metathoracic bridge present. Scutum black; without a large dark central stripe which broadens basally. Postpronotal lobe entirely pale whitish or yellowish, or posterior one-half to two-thirds pale whitish or yellowish. Scutum dorsad of notopleuron of the ground color, not whitish or yellowish. Dark lyre-like pattern on scutum absent. Discrete shiny black spots on scutum absent. Median longitudinal black stripe on scutum absent. Number of pale whitish to yellow postsutural stripes one, or three (three, but lateral pair orange-brown). Pale medial postsutural stripe of scutum linear. Lateral postsutural stripes of scutum extending to intra-alar bristles or beyond. Area bordering scutoscutellar suture medially without dark brown spot, brown. Discrete pale horizontal stripe along upper anepisternum present and distinct, extending from postpronotal lobe to wing base. Distinct pale vertical anepisternal stripe extending to anterior notopleural bristle, or extending halfway between anterior notopleural bristle and postpronotal lobe, or extending to postpronotal lobe. Katepisternite with pale yellowish or whitish spot present and distinct. Transverse suture covered by extension of postsutural lateral stripe. Katatergite with pale yellowish or whitish spot absent or indistinct. Subscutellum uniformly black. Mediotergite uniformly black. Scutellum normal; with a dark and pale pattern; with no isolated dark spots; with a basal triangular black mark that does not extend to apex, or with a black mark extending to apex, leaving only lateral areas pale.

Legs. Fore femur with spinelike bristles; with 1 strong black ventral spine. Mid femur and hind femur with anteroventral and posteroventral rows of small, stout, spine-like bristles. Middle leg of male without feathering. Dark mark on fore femur 0% of length of femur; middle femur 0% of length of femur.

Wings. Wing partly bare. Dense microtrichia at end of vein A1+CuA2 in male absent. Dominant wing pattern cross-banded. Crossbanded wing patterns with bands extensively fused, distorted, or greatly reduced. Wing pattern mostly brownish. Dark longitudinal streaks through basal cells absent. Crossvein r-m covered by a major crossband. Crossvein dm-cu covered by a major crossband which reaches posterior margin of wing. Crossveins r-m and dm-cu not both covered by a single crossband. Cell r2+3 apical to r-m with large hyaline area. Anal band absent, or not reaching nearly to wing margin. Cell r1 and r2+3 without darker spots within the pattern. Intercalary band absent. Marginal hyaline area in cell r1 present and distinct. Anterior apical crossband contiguous with costa over entire length, without marginal hyaline band or spots apically in cells r1 and r2+3. Anterior apical band or costal band extended to vein M. Posterior apical crossband absent. Costal and discal bands not joined on vein R4+5. Discal band transverse, or oblique in anterobasal-posteroapical direction, or absent. Discal and apical crossbands not directly joined. Discal and subapical crossbands not joined. Discal and subapical bands not connected along vein R4+5. Subapical and anterior apical crossbands joined. Outstanding costal spine(s) at subcostal break absent. Vein R1 dorsal setation without bare section opposite end of vein Sc. Vein Rs dorsal setation non-setulose. Vein R2+3 generally straight. Anteriorly-directed accessory vein emerging from R2+3 absent. Vein R4+5 dorsal setation sparse, over proximal section only, or sparse over both sections, or dense over at least proximal section; ventral setation absent or only present on node or close thereafter. Distance between crossvein r-m and costa longer than r-m. R-m crossvein on cell dm at or near middle of cell dm. Cell bm narrow, triangular. Cell dm widens apically gradually from base. Posterodistal corner of cell dm approximately a right angle. Cell cup extension or lobe present, vein CuA2 abruptly bent; shorter than vein A1+CuA2; triangular.

Abdomen. Abdomen ovate or parallel sided. Abdominal tergites separate. Pecten of dark bristles on tergite 3 of male absent. Tergal glands on tergite 5 absent. 6th tergite of female exposed; shorter than 5th. Abdominal tergites without medial dark stripe; not brown with medial T-shaped yellow mark; without isolated dark areas on lateral margins of T3-T5.

Female terminalia. Syntergosternite 7 straight; shorter than preabdomen; conical. Dorsobasal scales of eversible membrane about as large as other scales (?). Three sclerotized spermathecae.

Miscellaneous. Male attractant: none known.

Oriental. India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim), Burma, China (Yunnan), Thailand, Laos, Taiwan.

Trypetinae. Adramini.

Illustrations. • Habitus female (dorsal), wing. • Head, mid leg.

We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.

Cite this publication as: ‘L.E. Carroll, I.M. White, A. Freidberg, A.L. Norrbom, M.J. Dallwitz, and F.C. Thompson. 2002 onwards. Pest fruit flies of the world. Version: 2nd April 2019. delta-intkey.com’.

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