*SHOW ~ British Syrphidae - item descriptions. 7 October 2011. 
 
*ITEM DESCRIPTIONS 
 
# Anasimyia <Schiner>/
1<\i{}Eurimyia\i0{}, \i{}Helophilus\i0{} p.p.> 3,3<\i{}A.
contracta\i0{} and \i{}A. transfuga\i0{}, cf. \i{}Epeolus\i0{}
spp.>/7<\i{}A. lineata\i0{}, cf. \i{}Coelioxys inermis\i0{}>/18
4<black or brownish, marked with tawny, greyish or whitish, with a
yellow head> 5,2-3 6,8.8-10.6 7,5-8.25 8,2 9,1 10,2 11,1 13,1
14,1<\i{}A. lineata\i0{}>/2 15,1 16,1 19<depicted as>,2 21,1
22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23,1/3 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<bare or
pubescent> 31,2 33,1 34<usually>,1 35,1<usually, with 4 slender pale
or luteous dust stripes>/2<rarely, in some individuals> 38,1 39,3 40,2
43,1<slightly grey or colourless> 45,2 46,2<near the middle> 47,1 50,3
51,1 52,1<almost straight> 55,2 60,3 64,1-3<wider in the female>
66,3/2/7 70,1 73,1 75,2-4 76,3<mainly>/1/6 80,1/2 81,1/2 83,1/2 84,1
85,1 86<straight or curved> 88,2 89,1 92,1 93,1 94,2 95,1<rat-tailed
maggots, distinguished by a line of setae along the lateral margins of
the body> 96,1 99<brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,1 108,2
111,6<especially in the remains of \i{}Typha\i0{} in pools and ponds>
112<The hind tibiae with two black rings.> 113,2 115,4 116,5
119<anasimyi> 
 
# Arctophila <Schiner>/
1<formerly \i{}Sericomyia\i0{} p.p.> 3<crawling over flowers,>,1<cf.
\i{}Bombus muscorum\i0{} and \i{}B. pascuorum\i0{}>/3 4<black, covered
with pale, brown to yellowish hairs> 5,3-4 6,13.5-15.8 7,10-13.5 8,1-2
21,1 23<pale>,2 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,2 31,2 32,1 40,1<slightly grey,
tinged tawny basally and with a large brown spot beneath the
mid-costa> 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 50,3 51,2 52,1-2 55,2 56,1 64,1
66<broadly>,1 70,1 73,2<covered in the British representative with
brownish to yellowish hairs> 88,2 90<yet to be described,
presumably>,1 93<presumably>,1<?> 95,U 107,2/3<?> 108<probably>,2
113,2 115,8 116,1<\i{}A. superbiens\i0{}> 119<arctophi> 
 
# Baccha <Fabricius>/
3,12<cf. \i{}Ammophila\i0{}, \i{}Tripoxylon\i0{}> 4<black,
bluish-black, dark or greenish-bronze, with inconspicuously pale
abdominal marking> 5,2-3 6,9-10.2 7,4.5-8 8,1-2 9,2 10,2 11,1 21,1
22,1 23,1<or black and brown> 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<slightly pubescent>
31,1 33,1/2<sometimes depicted with a pair of anterior pale spots>
35,2 38<black> 39,2/4 40,2 41,1 43,2<slightly grey with a brown
stigma, sometimes clouded with brown along the veins> 45,2 46,1<near
the middle> 47,2 48,2 50,2 51,2 52,2 55,2 56<rather>,2 64,3 66,6/7
67,1<long and very slender, segments 3 and 4 somewhat widened> 70,2
73,1-2<mostly rather inconspicuously banded> 75<(when manifest)>,2/2-4
76,1/2/6 84,3 88,1 91<somewhat>,1 92,3 93,2 96,1 98,1 99,1<pale
greyish-brownish, with lines of white fat along the dorso-lateral
margins, and a pair mid-dorsally one of which extends further forward
than the other> 101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<associated with ground-layer
aphids in shady locations> 113,1 114,1 119<baccha> 
 
# Blera <Billberg>/
1<\i{}Cynorhina\i0{}, \i{}Cynorrhina\i0{}> 3,7<cf. \i{}Osmia
bicolor\i0{} and \i{}O. aurulenta\i0{}> 4<black with a red tail> 5,2-3
6,10-12 7,8-9.5 8,2 9,1 21,1 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1 31,2 32<shortly
pubescent> 33,2 38,2 40,2 43,2 45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2 50,1-2 51,2-3 52,2
55,2 56,1 64,1<in the female>/2<in the male> 66,1/3/4/5 72,1
73,1<distinctively reddish-tailed> 74,2 91,1 93,1<?> 95,U 96,2 107,2/3
108,2<?> 111,2&3/5<associated with rotten heartwood in \i{}Pinus\i0{},
also with water-filled tree rot holes and perhaps decaying roots>
113,2 115,10 116,1<\i{}B. fallax\i0{}> 117<confined to the Scottish
Highlands> 119<blera> 
 
# Brachyopa <Meigen>/
3,17<cf. \i{}Scatophaga\i0{} species>/15<in some cases a better match,
cf. \i{}Neurotoma\i0{}> 4<with grey thorax and yellowish-orange or
tawny abdomen> 5,2 6,6-9 7,6.5-9.25 8,2-3 11,2 13,1/2 14,2 19,2 21,1
22,2<seated on a tubercle> 23,1/1&3&5 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<almost bare>
31,2 33,2 35,2 40,2 43,2<colourless to slightly grey> 45,2 46,1 47,2
48,2 49,1 50,1 51,3 52,3 53,1 55,2 56,1 64,1 66<broadly>,5<convex>
70,1 73,2 88,2 91,2 93,1-2 96,2<somewhat dorso-ventrally flattened>
99<brown,>,2 102,1/2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,2-3<able to withstand
desiccation> 108,2 111,1&3<in \i{}Fagus\i0{}, \i{}Quercus\i0{},
\i{}Aesculus\i0{}, \i{}Ulmus\i0{}, \i{}Populus\i0{}, \i{}Fraxinus\i0{}
and even \i{}Taxus\i0{}> 112<the adults with a concave face leading
smoothly to the projecting margin of the mouth> 113,2 115,3 116,4
119<brachyop> 
 
# Brachypalpoides <Hippa>/
1<formerly \i{}Xylota\i0{} p.p.> 3,12<cf. \i{}Astata boops\i0{}>/16<in
colour-patterning, but much smaller - cf. the wood-wasp \i{}Sirex
juvencus\i0{}> 4<black with a blood-red abdominal belt> 5,3 6,11-13.5
7,10-12 8,2 10,1 11,2 12,3 21,1 22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23,1 24,1
25,2 26,3 27,1<basally slightly pubescent> 31,2 33,2 35,2 38,2 39,4
40,2 43,2<pale grey, slightly tinged brown along the veins> 45,2
46,1-2<near the middle> 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,1-2 52,2 55,2 56,1 64,2/3
65,6.8-7.4 66<(sub-)>,7 70,1 73,1 75,2&3 76,5<the tail black>
84,2&3<that on tergite 2 only being anteriorly notched>
85<very>,2<occupying the whole of tergites 2 and 3> 88,2 91,1 93,1
94,1 96,1 99,2 103,1<two red-brown ones lateral to each anterior
spiracle> 104,2 106,1 108,2 111,4<especially in the decaying heartwood
of live oaks> 112<The legs black.> 113,2 115,10 116,1<\i{}B.
lentus\i0{}> 119<brachypo> 
 
# Brachypalpus <Macquart>/
1<formerly \i{}Criorhina\i0{} p.p.> 3<in appearance>,2/6<but different
in behaviour, often being found running over leaves and bark> 4<black
or blackish bronze> 6,11-13.6 7,8.5-10.75 8,2-3 10,1<descending well
below the level of the eyes> 11,2 12,3 21,1 22,1 23,1&5 24,1 25,2 26,3
27,1 31,2 32,1 33,2 35,2 38,1 39,4 40<scarcely>,1-2<almost colourless,
with a slight tawny tinge along the front, a narrow band on the
transverse veins in the middle, and a paler and more diffuse brown
spot on the disc towards the tip> 43,1 45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2 50,3 52,2
55,2 56,1 64,2-3<in the male>/1-2<in the female> 65,6.65-7 66,1<in the
male>/3<in the female> 70,1 73,2<but sometimes orange-ish at the rear
of the tergites, and/or laterally on tergites 2 and 3> 88,2 91,3 93,1
94,1 96,2 99<brown,>,2 103,1<with one lateral to each anterior
spiracle and another below this> 104,2 106,1 108,2 111,2&3<on
deciduous trees> 112<The thorax long-haired, and the hind femur
swollen.> 113,2 115,10 116,1<\i{}B. laphriformis\i0{}> 119<brachypa> 
 
# Caliprobola <Rondani>/
1<\i{}Calliprobola\i0{}; formerly \i{}Milesia\i0{}> 3,2<shaped like a
queen hive bee, but much larger and spectacularly tinted>/9<cf.
\i{}Dolichovespula sylvestris\i0{} and \i{}D. media\i0{}> 4<dark
metallic green, with bands of golden abdominal hairs, and marked
orange on the long legs> 5,3-4 6,13-15 7,11-12.5 8,1-2 9,1 11,2
19<depicted as>,2 21,1 22<seated on a conspicuous prominence> 24,1
25,2 26,3 27,1<bare> 31,2 32,2 33,1/2<the female with two pale
anterior-lateral spots> 35,2 38,1 40,1-2<darkened reddish-brown or
orange towards the front edge and tip> 43,1 45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2 50,3
51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64,1-2<female>/2-3 66<narrowly>,5 70,1 72,1-2
73,1<via the narrow bands of golden hairs at the bases of tergites 2,
3 and 4> 74,1<or at least, to the hair bands>/- 88,2 91,3 93,1
94,2<but not rat-tailed> 95,2<about half as long, markedly elongated
between the second and third pair of lappets> 96,2 99<pallid,>,2 103,2
104,2 106,1 108,2 111,4&5<in rotting beech wood, especially old
stumps> 113,2 115,10 116,1<\i{}C. speciosa\i0{}> 119<caliprob> 
 
# Callicera <Panzer>/
3<somewhat>,3<or \i{}Eucera\i0{}>/7<cf. \i{}Osmia\i0{} spp.> 4<black
or shiny-metallic, sometimes brassy> 5,2-3 6,10-13 7,9.75-15 8,1
11,1-2<with a slight knob> 19<depicted as>,1 21,2 22,1<on a tubercle>
23,1 25,1 27,1 31,2 32,1 33,2 35,2<bronze> 38,2 39,2/4 40,2 45,2 46,1
47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64<markedly>,1 66<broadly>,1/5 70,1
72,1 73<somewhat>,1-2 74,1 88,2 91<briefly>,3 93,1 94,1<the extended
segment bearing a pair of fleshy projections> 96,1<the prolegs of
abdominal segments 1-6 partially fused into a single oval structure>
99<blackish,>,2 103,1<two groups of 3-4, just behind and lateral to
the anterior spiracles> 104,2 106,1<but the first two pairs on the
anal segment reduced> 108,2 111,2&4<recorded from \i{}Larix\i0{},
\i{}Pinus\i0{} and \i{}Fagus\i0{}> 113,2 115,1 116,3 119<callicer> 
 
# Ceriana <Rafinesque>/
1<\i{}Ceria\i0{} Fb.> 3,12<cf. \i{}Argogorytes mystaceus\i0{}>
4<patterned yellow and black> 5,2-3 6,8-14 9,1<exhibiting four yellow
spots behind the antennae> 11,2 21,2 22<seated on a long prominence on
the frons that is as long as the first antennal segment> 25,1 27,1
35,2 39,1<with a yellow transverse band> 40,2 43,1 45,2 46,2 47,1
48,1<originating from the curve> 50,2 55,2 56,1
66<somewhat>,6<cylidrical> 73,1 75,3&4&5 76,2 84,3 85,1 91,2/3 92,2
93,1<slightly so> 94,1 96,2 99,2 103,2 104,2 106,1<the anal segment
with 3 pairs> 107,2/3<?> 108<probably>,2 111,1&2<in deciduous trees>
116,1<\i{}\i{}C. conopsoides\i0{}\i0{}, probably adventive - omitted
by Stubbs and Falk> 117<Curtiss fine plate and description was hased
on a specimen presented to the British Museum and purported to be
indigenous by Dr. Leach, who was unable to give a locality!>
119<ceriana> 
 
# Chalcosyrphus <Curran>/
1<formerly \i{}Xylota\i0{} p.p.> 3<alternatively>,2/6<\i{}C.
eunotis\i0{}>/12<\i{}C. nemorum\i0{}, cf. \i{}Crabro scutellatus\i0{}
and \i{}Ectemnius continuus\i0{}> 4<blackish with orange to grey
abdominal marks in \i{}C. nemorum\i0{}, or dark brownish and unmarked
in \i{}C. eunotis\i0{}> 5,2-3 6,7.9-10.6 7,6.5-10.5 8,1<mostly>/2 9,2
10,1 11,2 12,3 19<depicted as bare> 21,1 22<seated on a tubercle> 23,1
24,1 25,2 26,2-3 27,1 31,2 33<inconspicuously>,1-2 35,1/2 38,2
39,4<sometimes very reddish-hairy> 40,2 43,1/2<?> 45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2
50,2-3 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64,2-3 65,4.4-5.7<in British species>
66<broadly>,1/4/7<often, more or less> 70,1 73,1<sometimes
colour-tailed only> 75,2/2&3/2-4 76,1/2-3/6<in \i{}C. eunotus\i0{}>
84,1<to form well defined, subquadrate marks> 85,1-2 88,2 93,1<shortly
so> 94,1 96<slightly>,2 99,2 103,1<two lateral to each anterior
spiracle, and another small one on a separate base below these> 104,2
106,1<the anal segment with 3 pairs, these evenly sized>
108<probably>,2 111,1&2&3<in deciduous and coniferous trees> 112<The
thorax long-haired, and the hind femur enlarged. \i{}C. nemorum\i0{}
is very weakly distinguished from \i{}Xylota\i0{}.> 113,2 115,10 116,2
119<chalcosy> 
 
# Chamaesyrphus <Mik>/
3,4/14<female \i{}C. scaevoides\i0{}> 4<black to dark bronze, banded
or spotted yellow to grey> 5,1-2 6,3-6.2 7,4-6.25 8,1-2 10<with the
lower half extending smoothly forwards> 11,2 21,1 23,1&5 24,1 25,2
26,1 27,1 31,2 33,2 35,2 40,2 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,3
53,2 55,2 56,1-2 66<slightly>,6/1/2/7 70,1 73,1 75,2-4 76,1/2 79,1/2
84,1/2/3<sometimes only the proximal one is completely interrupted,
sometimes some are only partly so> 85,2 88,2 90<presumably>,1<but no
description seen> 95,U 112<A poorly known species, associated with
conifers but the life cycle seems to be unknown. Wings somewhat
peculiar, in being broadly rounded at the tip with the costa extending
around the end.> 113,2 115,6 116,2 119<chamaesy> 
 
# Cheilosia <Meigen>/
1<\i{}Chilosia\i0{}, \i{}Cartosyrphus\i0{}> 3<variously>,1<\i{}C.
illustrata\i0{}>/3<\i{}C. aenea\i0{}, \i{}C. rufa\i0{}, etc.>/5<\i{}C.
albipila\i0{}, cf. \i{}Andrena apicata\i0{}>/7/8<\i{}C. impressa\i0{},
etc.>/17/18 4<blackish, rarely marked with grey> 5,2-3 6,5.6-13.6
7,(4.75-)6-10.75 8,2-3 9,2 10,2 11,1<always or nearly always?> 13,1/2
14,2 18,1 19,1<often>/2 20,1 21,1 22,2<seated on a slight projection>
23,1/3/1&3<the black component often piceous> 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<bare
or pubescent> 31,2 33,2 35,2 39<sometimes tawny> 40,1/2<mostly grey to
colourless and unpatterned, sometimes tinged brown or tawny along the
fore border, occasionally with a large brown spot extending from the
mid-fore border to the disc> 43,2<?> 45,2 46,1 47,2 50,2-3 51,1-3
52,1-2 55,2 56,1 64,1-3 66,1/3/4/5/2/6/7 69,5-6 70,1 72,1-2 73,1/2
74<when manifest,>,1 87,1 88,2 91,1-2 93,2 96,2 99,2<usually brown>
103,2 104,2 106,1 108<variously>,1/5 109<(when
phytophagous)>,1/2/3/4/6/9/10/11/12/13<the British phytophage
representatives seemingly confined to Dicots, feeding in stems or
roots or some mining leaves> 110<(when mycophagous)>,1/2/3/4/5 112<the
adults sometimes but not always tawny-gingery hairy and
bumblebee-like, but often much more slender and only inconspicuously
hairy; never greenish or shiny purplish as in \i{}Lejogaster\i0{},
\i{}Chrysogaster\i0{} and \i{}Orthonevra\i0{}, nor with the medianly
dull but laterally shiny abdomen of \i{}Melanogaster\i0{} and
\i{}\i{}Orthonevra\i0{}\i0{}> 113,2 115,2 116,35 119<cheilosi> 
 
# Chrysogaster <Meigen>/
3,17 4<black with greenish or purplish sheen> 5,2 6,5.6-7.9
7,5.25-7.25 8,1-2 9,2 10,2 11,1-2 14,2 15,1/2 17,1/2 19,2 21,1
22,2<but seated on a tubercle> 23,3 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<bare> 31,2
32,2 33,2<bronze> 35,2 38,2 39,2/4 40,2<usually rather dark, or
darkening distally> 43,1 44,1-2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1 51,3
52,2 55,2<but more or less at right angles> 56,1 64,2
66,4-5<depressed> 70,1 73,2 87,2 88,2 91,3 93,1 94,1 96,1 99<brown,>,2
103,2 104,2 106,1 107<more or less>,1 108,2 111,6<and mud, in still
and slow-moving water> 113,2 115,3 116,3 119<chrysoga> 
 
# Chrysotoxum <Meigen>/
3<variously>,9<cf. \i{}C. faciolatum\i0{} and \i{}Vespula\i0{}
queens>/4/7/12<\i{}C. bicinctum\i0{} and \i{}C. festivum\i0{}, cf.
\i{}Argogorytes\i0{} and \i{}Ectemnius\i0{} respectively>/18 4<black
and yellow> 5,3 6,11.3-13.6 7,(7-)8-12(-13) 8,2 9,1 10,1 11,2 19,1/2
21,2 22,1 23,1&4 24<elongate->,1-2 25,2 26,2<from near the apex>
27,1<bare or pubescent> 31,1 33,1 35,1 36,1<yellow, interrupted>
39,1/1&4 40,2<slightly longer than the body, colourless or greyish,
usually tinted tawny or ferruginous along the fore border> 41,2 42,2
43,2 45,2 46,1 47,1-2<that of \i{}C. festivum\i0{} exhibiting a gentle
curve> 48,2 50,2-3 51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 64,1
66<broad,>,1/4/5<convex> 68,1 70,2 73,1<and sometimes yellow-tailed>
75,2-4 76,2 81,1/2 84,1/2<then usually complexly so> 85,1<\i{}C.
festivum\i0{}, \i{}C. vernale\i0{}>/2<then with characteristic figure:
see illustrations> 88,1 93<poorly known, probably>,2 96<probably>,1
99<probably pale to dark brown> 101,2 104,1<?> 106,2
108,6<aphidivorous? - associated with ants nests> 113,1 114,3 116,8
119<chrysoto> 
 
# Criorhina <Meigen>/
1<\i{}Criorrhina\i0{}, \i{}Penthesilia\i0{}> 3<very hairy-bodied
and>,1<\i{}C. berberina\i0{}, \i{}C. floccosa\i0{} and \i{}C.
ranunculi\i0{}, cf. assorted British \i{}Bombus\i0{} spp.>/2<the less
hairy-bodied \i{}C. asilica\i0{}> 4<black, but often furry-hairy with
long tawny hairs> 5,3-4 6,10.3-16 7,8-14 8,2-3 10,1<descending to well
below the level of the eyes> 11,1-2<with a slight prominence ony>
19<depicted as>,2 21,1 22,2 23,1/3/1&3 24,1<shorter than wide> 25,2
26,3 27,1 31,2 32,1 33,2 35,2 38,1 40,2<colourless or colourless
slightly clouded with grey, pale grey, pale grey clouded with black in
the middle, or nearly colourless with tawny tinges> 43,2 45,2 46,2
47,2 50,3 51,1 52,1 55,2 56,1 64,1-2/2-3 66,1/5<sometimes more or less
orbicular>/4 70,1 72,1 73,1<sometimes whitish- or tawny-tailed>/2
74,1/2<\i{}C. asilica\i0{}> 75,2&3 85,1 88,2 91,3 93,1<shortly so>
94,1 96,2<the prolegs detectable but reduced> 99<pallid,>,2 103,1<a
cow-horn shaped pair, directed laterally behind the anterior
spiracles> 104,2 106,1 108,2 111,2&4&5 113,2 115,10 116,4
119<criorhin> 
 
# Dasysyrphus <Enderlein>/
1<formerly \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.; \i{}Conosyrphus\i0{},
\i{}Dendrosyrphus\i0{}, \i{}Syrphella\i0{}> 3,4/12<cf. \i{}D.
tricinctus\i0{} and \i{}Nysson spinosus\i0{}> 4<black with yellow
markings> 5,2-3 6,9-11.5 7,6.25-10.25 8,1-2 9,1 10,2 11,1 14,2 17,2
18,2 19,1 21,1 22,2 23,1&5/1&3/5 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1
33,1/2<mostly?> 35,2<? - at least, not dorsally striped> 37,2 39,2/3
40,2<colourless to slightly grey, sometimes slightly tawny, at the
base> 41,1/2 42,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,2 51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1
57,2 59,1 62,2 64,1-2 66<depressed,>,1/3/4 68,1 69,5-6 70,2 73,1
75,2-4 76,2 79,1/2 82,2/3 84,1/2/3 85,1 88,1 91,1<with conspicuously
serrate lateral margins> 93,2 96,2 97,1<or greenish, e.g. \i{}D.
tricinctus\i0{}>/2 99,1<mottled brown, blackish, greenish, grey and
pinkish - bark-like> 101,1 102,1 104,1 105,1 106,2 108,6<D. tricinctus
on tenthredinid sawfly and noctuid moth larvae, others on arboreal
aphids of conifers and hardwood trees> 112<The adults rendered
conspicuous by unusual patterns of abdominal markings - curves, hooks,
etc., distinguished by the pair of long, backwardly pointing horn-like
projections from the blunt anal segment> 113,1 114,3 116,5
119<dasysyrp> 
 
# Didea <Macquart>/
1<formerly \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,4 4<black to blue-black, marked
with yellow to greenish or bluish> 5,3 6,11-14.5 7,7-11.5 8,1 9,1 10,2
17,2 18,2 19,2 21,1 22,2 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2 35,2
39,1/3<dull tawny in \i{}D. alneti\i0{}> 40<relatively>,2<slightly
grey, brownish basally and along the costa> 41,1 42,2 43,1 45,2 46,1
47,1 48,2 50,3 51,2 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2 64<much>,1
66<depressed,>,1/3-4 68,1 69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2-4 76,2/1&2/2&6 81,1/2
82,1/2/3 84,1&2<the first interrupted, the others entire and in the
form of bands shaped like skiing-glasses> 85,1-2 86<sometimes
complexly figured> 88,1 91<only slightly>,2/- 93,2 96<up to 12 mm
long,>,2<with conspicuously serrate lateral margins and mid-dorsal
projections> 99,1<mottled brown and black, like bark> 101,1 102,1
104,1 106,2 108,6<aphidivorous, mostly on conifers but also recorded
from \i{}Salix\i0{}> 113,1 114,3 116,3 119<didea> 
 
# Doros <Meigen>/
3,11/12<cf. \i{}D. profuges\i0{} and \i{}Mellinus\i0{},
\i{}Odynerus\i0{}, \i{}Ancistrocerus\i0{}> 4<black with yellow
markings> 5,3-4 6,14-16 7,11.25-13.25 8,2 9,1 10,2 14,2 18,2 19,2 21,1
22,2 23,1 24,1 25,2 27,1<pubescent> 31,1 32,2 33,1<with yellow> 35,1
36,1 37,1 39,1/3 40,1<almost colourless elsewhere, but conspicuously
brown along the fore margin towards the costa> 42,2 43,2 45,2 46,1
47,2 48,2 50,2-3 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2 64<posteriorly>,1-2
66,6<posteriorly depressed, basally cylindrical and constricted> 68,2
69,5/6 70,2 73,1 75,2-5 76,2 84,1<that on tergite 2 with its
components angled strongly backwards from the median
interruption>/3<the posterior ones> 85<very>,1 88,1 90<probably>,1<but
no desription located> 101,2 107<seemingly>,3<judging from locations
of puparia> 108<probably>,6<on aphids, having been associated with
ant-infested wood> 113,1 114,3 116,1<\i{}D. profuges\i0{}> 117<mostly
known from southern England, but represented by old records from all
over the British Isles> 119<doros> 
 
# Epistrophe <Walker>/
1<formerly \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,4 4<mostly black with yellow
markings> 5,2-3 6,(8-)10-12(-14) 7,6-12.25 8<scarcely to
considerably>,1-2 9,1 10,2 11,1 14,2 18,2 19,2 21,1 22,2 23,1 24,1
25,2 26,2-3 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,1<with yellow> 35,1-2 36<when
manifest,>,1 37,1/2 39<tawny in \i{}E. grossulariae\i0{}>
40,2<colourless or with a brown stigma> 41,1-2 42,2 43,2 45,2 46,1
47,2 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2 64,1
66<depressed,>,1/4/5/2<often more or less angled at the widest part>
68,1-2 69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2<only, in typical male \i{}E.
elegans\i0{}>/2-3/2-4/2-5 76,2-3 78,1<in typical male \i{}E.
elegans\i0{}>/3 81,1/2 82,2/3 84,1&3/1&2/3 85,1-2 88,1 91,1/2 93,2
96<very>,2<with non-serrate lateral margins> 97,1 98,1 99,1<green,
with a pale mid-dorsal stripe> 104,1 106,2 108,6<probably
aphidivorous, found mainly on trees and shrubs> 113,1 114,3 116,6
119<epistrop> 
 
# Episyrphus <Matsumura & Adachi>/
1<formerly \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,4 4<typically mainly black and
yellow, but dark forms occur> 5,3 6,10.5-12.5 7,6-10.25 8,2 9,1 10,2
11,1 14,2 18,2 19,2 21,1 22,2 23,1&3 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2
33,2 39,3<dull tawny, according to Walker> 40,2<colourless with black
veins and a tawny-brownish stigma> 41,1 42,1 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2
50,3 51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,1 64,2 66<depressed, shortly to
elongate->,1/4 68,2 69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2-4<commonly with very unusual
double black banding of the adults tergites 3 & 4> 76,2 81,1/2
84,1&2&3/1&3<that on tergite 2 always widely interrupted>
85,1&2<usually 2 per segment> 88,1 91<somewhat>,2 93,2 96,1 97,1
99<more or less>,1<being medianly green dotted with white, but
translucent anteriorly and posteriorly> 100,1 101,2 104,1 106,2
108,6<aphidivorous, on a wide range of arboreal and ground-layer
species> 113,1 114,3 116,1<\i{}E. balteatus\i0{}> 117<the most
frequently recorded hoverfly throughout the British Isles>
119<episyrph> 
 
# Eriozona <Schiner>/
3,1<\i{}E. syrphoides\i0{}, cf. \i{}Bombus\i0{} spp.>/10<\i{}E.
erratica\i0{}, cf. \i{}Vespa crabro\i0{} - i.e., the two species
represented being very different in appearance> 4<black marked yellow
or tawny (\i{}E. erratica\i0{}), or black and very hairy with pale
hair-banded and reddish tailed abdomen (\i{}E. syrphoides\i0{}> 5,3-4
6,14-16 7,10.5-12 8<much>,1 9,1 10,2 19,2 21,1 22,2 24,1 25,2 26,3
27,1 31,1 33,2 35,2 39,5 40,2 42,2 43,2/1-2 45,2 46,1 47,1-2<r4+5
markedly dipped> 48,2 50,3 51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2
64<much>,1/2 66<broadly,>,1/3<almost round> 68,1 70,2 72,1<\i{}E.
syrphoides\i0{}>/2<\i{}E. erratica\i0{}> 73,1<but \i{}E.
rueppellii\i0{} gingerish-tailed onlt> 74,1<\i{}E.
syrphoides\i0{}>/2<\i{}E. erratica\i0{}> 75<(in E erratica)>,2&3&4&5
76<in \i{}E. erratica\i0{}>,2 84,1<the first>/3<the other two> 85,1-2
88,1 91<somewhat>,2/- 93,2 96<more or less>,2<up to 15 mm long, with
serrate lateral margins and mid-dorsal projections>
99<blackish,>,2<coated in thick black spicules> 101,1 102,1 104,1
106,2 108,6<aphidivorous> 112<Pubescence of adults abundant, shaggy.>
113,1 114,3 116,2 119<eriozona> 
 
# Eristalinus <Rondani>/
1<formerly \i{}Eristalis\i0{}> 3<somewhat>,17 4<black to bronze> 5,2-3
6,7.2-12.5 7,6.25-9.5 8<somewhat>,1-2 10,2 11,1 19<dark-spotted,>,1<at
least over the upper part> 21,1 22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23,1/3<?>
24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1 31,2 32,2 33,2/1-2 35<rather inconspicuouly>,1<in
\i{}E. sepulchralis\i0{}>/1-2 39,4 40,2<colourless, or tinged brown
near the costa> 43,1 45,2 46,1-2<near the middle> 47,1 48,2 50,3 51,1
52,1<almost straight> 55,1-2 56,1 60,3 64,1-2 66,1/4/5 70,1 73,2 88,2
91,3 93,1 94,2 95,1<rat-tailed> 96,1 99,2 103,2 104,2 106,1
107,1<rat-tailed maggots> 108,2/3<in decaying vegetation in ponds and
marshes, in wet manure, even (\i{}E. aeneus\i0{}) in rotting seaweed
in rock pools> 113,2 115,4 116,2 119<erisinus> 
 
# Eristalis <Latreille>/
1<\i{}Elophilus\i0{}, \i{}Eristaloides\i0{}, \i{}Eristalomya\i0{},
\i{}Eristalomyia\i0{}, \i{}Helophilus\i0{} Leach, \i{}Tubifera\i0{}>
3<variously>,1<\i{}E. intricarius\i0{}>/2<\i{}E. tenax\i0{}, \i{}E.
pertinax\i0{}, \i{}E.rupium\i0{}>/5/6/9/13/17 4<black to dark
brownish, variously unmarked or conspicuously marked with tawny or
yellow> 5,3-4 6,10.5-16 7,6.5-13 8<somewhat>,1-2 10,2 11,1 19<not
spotted,>,1 21,1 22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23,1/3/1&3/1&5 24,1 25,2
26,2-3 27<basally>,2/1 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,1/3/5<often ferrugineous
or tawny, not black> 40,1-2<colourless, or tinged brown near the
costa, sometimes with a large dark central patch> 43,1/1-2 45,1
46,1-2<before or near the middle> 47,1 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,1<almost
straight> 55,2 56,1 60,3 64<usually markedly>,1<anteriorly> 66,5 70,1
72,1 73,1<but then sometimes pale- to ginger-tailed only, e.g., the
ginger bumblebee-like \i{}E. intricarius\i0{}>/2 74<variously>,1/2
75,2<only, sometimes>/2&3 76,3 78,1/3 81,1/2 84<widely>,1<the
components sometimes complexly shaped> 88,2 91,3 93,1 94,2
95,1<rat-tailed maggots> 96,1 99<pallid,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107<more
or less>,1-2 108,2/2&3<in decaying vegetation in organically rich
ponds and ditches, also farmyard manure and silage> 113,2 115,4 116,10
119<eristali> 
 
# Eumerus <Meigen>/
1<\i{}Paragopsis\i0{}> 3,7<\i{}E. strigatus\i0{} and \i{}E.
tuberculatus\i0{}, cf. \i{}Osmia caerulescens\i0{}, \i{}Hoplitis
claviventris\i0{} and \i{}Stelis ornatula\i0{}>/12<\i{}E.
sabulonum\i0{}, cf. \i{}Gorytes tumidus\i0{} and \i{}Nysson
dimidiatus\i0{}> 4<blackish or dark bronze with silvery spots on the
tergites, or reddish with a blackish thorax> 5,1-3 6,5-11.5
7,3.25-6.75 8<somewhat>,1-2 11,2 12,2 19<depicted as>,2 21,1
22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23,1/2/3 25,2 26,1-3 27,1 31,2 32<pubescent
to glabrous?> 33<indistinctly>,1/2 35,1<these faint, greyish, in
\i{}E. strigatus\i0{}>/2 38,1<\i{}E. strigatus\i0{}>/2
39<variously>,1<yellow towards the hind border, in \i{}E.
ornatus\i0{}>/2/3/4 40,2<colourless to grey, sometimes tawny along the
fore border> 41,1<often, this brown or tawny>/2 43,1/2<?> 45,2 46,2
47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,2&3<being twice-angled, in \i{}E.
strigatus\i0{}> 55,1 56,1 64,2-3 66,1/4/5/2 69,6 70,1 73,1<segments
2-4 reddish to tawny in \i{}E. sabulonum\i0{}>/2 75,2-4 76,1<in \i{}E.
strigatus\i0{}>/6/3-4 84,1/2&3 85,1/2 88,2 89,1 91,2 93,2 96,2<prolegs
absent> 99<pale brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1<the middle pair on the
anal segment divided into two small projections> 108,1
109,1&2&6&13<mostly known from cultivated monocot bulbs or rhizomes,
but \i{}E. tubeculatus\i0{} has also been recorded from parsnip> 113,2
115,5 116,4 119<eumerus> 
 
# Eupeodes <Osten Sacken>/
1<\i{}Metasyrphus\i0{}, \i{}Posthosyrphus\i0{}> 3,4 4<black with
yellow markigs> 5,2-3 6,(6-)8-12 7,5-10 8,1-2 9,1 10,2 11,1 14,2 18,2
19,2 21,1 22,2 23,1/1&3/1&5 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2<but
may be paler laterally> 35,2 39,2/3/4 40,2<colourless to pale grey>
41,2<at least sometimes sometimes with a pale brown one> 42,2 43,2
45,2 46,1 47,2/1-2<r4+5 markedly dipped in subgenus Lapposyrphus> 48,2
50,2-3 51,1-2 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2 64,1<often much wider>/2
66<depressed,>,1/5 68,1 69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2-4/2-5 76,2 79<more or
less>,1/2 80,1/2 81,1/2 82,2/3 83,1/2 84,1/2/3<the first always
interrupted, the posterior ones variously interrupted, partially
interupted or entire> 85,1-2 88,1 91,1 93,2 96,1<that of \i{}E.
luniger\i0{} to about 10 mm long> 97,1<or greenish>/2 98,1<with a
broken dorsal line>/2 99<without mid-dorsal and lateral stripes of
fat,>,1-2<greenish or sandy coloured, with or without light or dark
marks or mottling> 101,1/2 102,1/2 104,1 106,2 108,6<mostly
aphidivorous on conifer aphids, but some of the commonest species are
associated with a wide range of ground-layer species> 113,1 114,3
116,8 119<eupeodes> 
 
# Ferdinandea <Rondani>/
1<\i{}Chrysoclamis\i0{} Rondani, \i{}Chrysochlamys\i0{}> 3<commonly
sitting on bark, somewhat>,5<cf. \i{}Andrena apicata\i0{}>/7<cf.
\i{}Osmia rufa\i0{}>/17<!> 4<with greyish thorax and greenish to
brassy or bluish-black abdomen> 5,2-3 6,10-13 7,6.25-11.25 8,1 10,1
11,2 19<depicted as finely>,1 20,1<cf. \i{}Cheilosia\i0{}> 21,1 22,1
23,1&2 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<bare> 31,2 32,3 33,1 35,1<these greyish>
38,1 39,3/4<greyish tawny, according to Walker> 40,1<pale grey,
slightly tawny along the fore border, and with brown spots along the
two transverse disc veinlets> 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1/2<near the middle>
47,2 48,2 49,1 50,2-3 51,2 52,2 55,2 64,1 66,1/4 70,1 73,2 88,2
91<somewhat>,1 93,2 96,2<prolegs absent> 99<brownish,>,2 103,2 104,2
106,1<the anal segment with three pairs, these equal-sized> 108,2
111,1&3<on deciduous trees, especially associated with \i{}Cossus\i0{}
borings> 113,2 115,2 116,2 119<ferdinan> 
 
# Hammerschmidtia <Schummel>/
1<\i{}Rhingia\i0{} p.p.> 3,17<cf. Scatophagidae>/15<cf.
\i{}Neurotoma\i0{}> 4<orange-brown: the thorax ground-coloured orange,
the abdomen entirely or partly orange or brown> 6,10-12 7,8.25-9.75
8,3 10,1<concave, leading smoothly to the projecting margin of the
mouth> 11,1<male>/2<female> 19,2 21,1 22,2 24,1 25,1 26,3 27,2 31,2
32,3 33,1/2<?> 35,1<these pale>/2<?> 39,3/4 40,2 41,2 45,2 46,1 47,2
48,2 49,1 50,1-2 51,3 52,3 53,2 55,2 56,1 64,2-3 66<narrowly>,1-2/3
73,2<but sometimes with indistinct paired pale brown spots on tergites
3 and 4> 91,2<with lateral projections> 93,2 96,2<prolegs weakly
developed> 99<very dark,>,2 102,1 103,2 106,1 108,2 111,1&3<on aspens>
112<The colouring of thorax and abdomen as described by Stubbs and
Falk compares alarmingly poorly with the illustration they provide.>
113,2 115,3 116,1<\i{}H. ferruginea\i0{}> 117<known in Britain only
from a few locations in the Scottish Highlands> 119<hammersc> 
 
# Helophilus <Meigen>/
3<more or less>,9<cf. \i{}Dolichovespula\i0{} and \i{}Vespula\i0{}>
4<black with yellow to tawny markings> 5,3-4 6,9-18 7,8.5-12.25 8,2
9,1 10,2 11,1 15,1 16,1 19,2 21,1 22,1<seated on a small tubercle>
23,1 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<bare or pubescent> 31,2 32,2 33<sometimes
fairly inconspicuously>,1 35,1<the dorsal stripes whitish to pale
yellowish> 38,1 39,3<or ferrugineous> 40,2<slightly grey or
colourless> 41,2 43,1/1-2 45,2<but almost doing so, the veins
converging at the wing margin> 46,2<near the middle or somewhat
beyond> 47,1 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,1<almost straight> 55,2 56,1 60,3
64<usually>,1/2-3<wider in the female> 66,1/4/5 70,1 73,1
75,2&3<usually>/2-4 76,2/3 81,1/2 84,1 85,2 86<incorporating complex
figures> 88,2 89,1/2 91<abruptly>,3 93,1 94,2 95,1<rat-tailed, with
three pairs of fleshy projections before the anal opening> 96,1
99<dark brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,1<rat-tailed maggots>
108,2/3<associated with wet decaying vegetation in mud in ponds, etc.,
also in farmyard manure and silage> 113,2 115,4 116,5 119<helophil> 
 
# Heringia <Rondani>/
1<\i{}Cnemodon\i0{} Egger; \i{}Pipiza\i0{} p.p.> 3<somewhat>,17/-
4<black, unmarked> 5,1-2 6,4.5-8 7,5.5-6.25 8,2 9,2 10,1 11,2<covered
with long, drooping shaggy hairs> 19,1 21,1 22,2 24,1<oval or round>
25,2 27,1 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 40,2 41,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1
51,3 52,1-2 54,1 55,2 56,1 63,1 64,2-3 66<narrowly>,1/4/5/2 70,1 71,2
73,2 88,2 91,1 93,2 96,2 99<brown,>,2 101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<on
coccids, aphids and other plant bugs associated with elm, poplar and
conifers> 113,2 115,7 116,6 119<heringia> 
 
# Lejogaster <Rondani>/
1<formerly \i{}Chrysogaster\i0{} p.p., \i{}Liogaster\i0{}>
3<somewhat>,17/- 4<shiny metallic green, unmarked> 5,1-2 6,5-7
7,4.5-6.5 8,1-2 9,2 10,1<concave, leading smoothly to the projecting
margin of the mouth> 11,2 14,2 15,2 19,2 21,1 22,2<seated on a
tubercle> 23,1 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,2 32<bare or finely pubescent?>
33,2 35,2 38,2 40,2<slightly grey> 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2
50,1 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64<much>,1-2 66,1/3<depressed> 70,1 73,2 87,1
88,2 91,3 93,1 94,1<not rat-tailed> 96,1 99<brown,>,2 103,2 104,2
106,1 107<more or less>,1 108,2 111,6<and mud, in still and
slow-moving water> 113,2 115,3 116,2 119<lejogast> 
 
# Lejops <Rondani>/
1<\i{}Helophilus\i0{} p.p.> 3,7<cf. \i{}Coelioxys\i0{} spp.> 4<black
to blue-black, with with greyish abdominal markings> 5,3 6,12-13
7,8-10 8,1-2 9,1 19,2 21,1 23,1 24,1 25,2 26,2-3 27,1 31,2 33,1
35,1<with brownish stripes> 40,2<greyish> 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,2 47,1
48,2 50,2-3 51,2 52,1 55,2 56,1 60,3 64,1-2 66<elongate->,5 70,1 73,1
75,2-4 76,1/6 77,1 88,2 93,1<?> 95,U 108,2/1&2<associated first with
floating pond and ditch plants such as \i{}Lemna\i0{}, then completing
their development in decaying vegetation in organic mud on the bottom>
113,2 115,4 116,1<\i{}L. vittatus\i0{}> 117<a scarce coastal species,
seemingly confined in the British Isles to England> 119<lejops> 
 
# Leucozona <Schiner>/
1<\i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3<somewhat>,17/- 4<patterned whitish to
yellowish on the black body> 5,2-3 6,9-12 7,7-11.25 8,1-2 9,1 10,2
18,2 19,1 21,1 22,2 23,1 24,1 25,2 26,2-3 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2
35,2 39,1/3<luteus or brown> 40<pale grey with black
veins,>,1<subgenus \i{}Leucozona\i0{}, with a dark central
patch>/2<subgenus \i{}Ischyrosyrphus\i0{}> 41,1<this dark brown> 42,2
43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,2-3 52,2 55,2 57,2 62,2 64,1-2
66<depressed,>,1/4-5 68,2 69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2/2&3/2-4<3-4 unmarked
or with only small marks> 76,1/6 78,1<\i{}L. lucorum\i0{}>/3
84<all>,1<usually>/2<tergite 2 in male \i{}L. lucorum\i0{}>
85,1/1&2<the one on tergite 2 usually wider than the others, which are
lacking in\i{} L. leucorum\i0{}> 88,1 91,1 93,2 96,1/2<the flattened
lateral margins endowing a sub-triangular cross section> 97,1<e.g.,
\i{}L. laternaria\i0{}>/2 99<translucent,>,1<brownish or greenish,
with white or cream chevrons or stripes> 100,1 101,2 104,1 106,2
108,6<aphidiphorous, on arboreal and ground level species> 112<Adults
with large jowls, the face with a black middle line.> 113,1 114,3
116,3 119<leucozon> 
 
# Mallota <Meigen>/
3,2<though some mainland-european species are sawfly- or
bumblebee-like> 4<black, with hairy abdomen> 5,4 6,15-17 7,11.25-12.5
8,1-2 11,1 19,2<in the British representative> 21,1 24,1 25,2 26,3
27,1 31,2 32,2<with dense tawny hairs> 33,2 35,2 39,1/3
40<somewhat>,1-2<somewhat darkened towards the costa and in the
mid-disc> 45,2<but almost doing so, the veins converging at the wing
margin> 46,2 47,1 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,1<almost straight> 55,2 56,1 60,3
64,1-2 66<narrowly>,1/5 70,1 73,2<black, with brownish hind margins to
the tergites> 88,2 91<abruptly>,3 93,1 94,2 95,1<rat-tailed> 96,1
99<whitish,>,2<the integument smooth and shiny, without projections or
setae except for three short, fleshy, lateral projections on segment 7
just before the tail> 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,2/3 108<probably>,2
111,2<in deciduous trees> 112<The hind femur thickened.> 113,2 115,4
116,1<\i{}M. cimbiciformis\i0{}> 117<throughout the U.K. to southern
Scotland, seemingly absent from Ireland> 119<mallota> 
 
# Melangyna <Verrall>/
1<\i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.;\i{} Fagisyrphus\i0{}, \i{}Stenosyrphus\i0{}>
3,4<?>/12<cf. \i{}Crossocerus quadrimaculatus\i0{}> 4<black to dark
bronze, usually with pale abdominal markings that are whitish rather
than yellow> 5,2-3 6,7-11 7,5.75-9(-10) 8,1-2 9,2<black> 10,2 11,1
14,2 17,2 18,2 19,1/2 21,1 22,2 23,1 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<bare> 31,1
32,2 33,2 35,2 39,4 40,2<pale grey in \i{}M. umbellatorum\i0{}>
41,2<the stigma grey or pale brown> 42,1<\i{}M. cincta\i0{}>/2<?> 43,2
45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,1-2<?> 52,1/2<?> 55,2 56,1 57,2 59,2 61,1
62,2 64,2-3 66<almost>,7/1/2/3 68,2 69,5-6 70,2 73,1/2<female \i{}M.
quadrimaculata\i0{}> 75,2-4/3-4 76,1<often>/2-3 79,1<these very
triangular> 81,1/2 84,1 85,1 88,1 91,1 93,2 96,2<the body
sub-triangular in section, the flattened lateral margins smooth>
97,1<e.g., \i{}M. cincta\i0{}>/2 98,1/2 99<variously>,1<e.g., chevrons
or rectangular blocks> 101,1/2 104,1 106,2 108,6<probably all
aphidivorous, many being species-specific but the genus associated
with a very wide range including those of conifers, hardwoods and
dicot herbs> 112<medium sized flies, with a dark, elongate abdomen
that is marked in most species with rather small spots, these whitish
rather than yellow> 113,1 114,3 116,9 119<melangyn> 
 
# Melanogaster <Rondani>/
1<\i{}Chrysogaster\i0{} p.p.> 4<blackish to dark bronze> 5,1-2 6,5-9
7,5-7 8,1-2 9,2 10,1<concave, leading smoothly to the projecting
margin of the mouth> 11,1-2<the knob sometimes scarcely defined> 14,2
15,1 17,1 19,2 21,1 22,2<but seated on a tubercle> 23,1 24,1 25,2 26,3
27,1<bare> 31,2 32,2 33,2<bronze> 35,2 38,2 39,4 40,2<grey> 41,2 43,2
45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,2 55<slightly>,2/1 56,1 64,1-3<much
broader in females> 66<depressed>,3/1 70,1 73,2 87,2 88,2 91,3 93,1
94,1<not rat-tailed> 96,1 104,2 106,1 107,1<reported to use their anal
segments to probe submerged plant roots and shoots for air> 108,1/2<?
- associated with aquatic plants> 112<No adequate description of the
larva located.> 113,2 115,3 116,2 119<melanoga> 
 
# Melanostoma <Schiner>/
1<formerly \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3<variously somewhat>,14/12<cf.
\i{}Crossocerus quadrimaculatus\i0{}> 4<black to dark bronze or
greenish bronze, with pale abdominal markings> 5,1-2 6,4-6<\i{}M.
dubium\i0{}>/5-7<\i{}M. mellinum\i0{}>/8-9<\i{}M. scalare\i0{}>
7,4.75-8 8<slightly>,1-2 9,2<black> 10,2 14,2 17,2 18,2 19,1/2<?> 21,1
22,2 23,1&3/1/5 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2 39,4<cf. van
Veens key; brassy or golden-green according to Coes>/- 40,2<pale
grey, with black veins> 41,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,2
52<basally>,2 55,2 56,1 58,2 61,2 64,3<in the males>/2-3<in the
females> 66,1/4/6/7/2<much narrower in males> 69,5-6 70,2 73,1/2<when
melanic> 75<(when present)>,2&3&4/2&3&4&5 76,2/3 79,1 84,1 85,1-2 88,1
91,1 93,2 96,1 97,1 99<shining translucent,>,1<with dark spots>/2<?>
100,1 104,1 106,2 108,6<probably aphidivorous> 112<Differs from
\i{}Platycheirus\i0{} in having the front tibiae and tarsi
cylindrical.> 113,1 114,1 116,3 119<melanost> 
 
# Meligramma <Frey>/
1<\i{}Epistrophella\i0{}, \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p., \i{}Melangyna\i0{}
p.p.> 3<somewhat>,4/12<cf. \i{}Crossocerus quadrimaculatus\i0{}>
4<black with yellow to whitish markings> 5,2 6<about>,8-9.5 7,5-8
8,1-2 9,1 10,2 11,1 19,2 21,1 22,2 24,1 25,2 27,1 31,1 32,2 33,2 35,2
39,1/3 40,2 41,2 42,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1-2 51,2/3<?> 52,1/2<?>
55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2 64,1-2 66<narrowly>,1/2/5 68,2 70,2 73,1
75,3&4/1&3&4<tergite 1 sometimes being pale-sided> 76,1-2 78,1/2/3
79<more or less>,1 81,1/2 84,1 85,1-2 88,1 91,1<with serrate lateral
margins> 93,2 96,2 97,1/2 99<species-specifically>,1<variously orange
and white, black and white, pinkish brown and black, or greenish grey
and white like a bird dropping> 101,1/2 104,1 106,2 108<probably
all>,6<consuming a range of arboreal aphids> 112<The scutellum with a
small black spot on either side.> 113,1 114,3 116,3 119<meligram> 
 
# Meliscaeva <Frey>/
1<\i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p., \i{}Episyrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,12<cf.
\i{}Crossocerus quadrimaculatus\i0{}> 4<black with yellow markings>
5,2-3 6,9-11.5 7,7-9.75 8,1-2 9,1 10,2 11,1 14,2 17,2 18,2 19,2 21,1
22,2 23,1&3 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,1
40,2<slightly grey, with black veins> 41<at least sometimes>,1
42,1<Coe, 1953> 43,2 45,2 46,1 50,2 57,2 62,1 64,2-3 66,4/5/2/7 68,2
70,2 73,1 75,2-4/2-5 76,2/3 81,1/2 82,2/3 84,1/1&2/1&3<always
interrupted on tergite 2> 85,1/2/1&2 88,1 91<somewhat>,2 93,2 96,1
99<more or less>,1/2<?> 100,1/2 101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<associated
with aphid colonies on divers herbaceous and woody Dicotyledons, also
with psyllids> 113,1 114,3 116,2 119<meliscae> 
 
# Merodon <Meigen>/
1<\i{}Lampetia\i0{}, \i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,1<cf. at least 5 British
\i{}Bombus\i0{} species>/3 4<black, often furrily hair-banded
gingerish and/or greyish to whitish on thorax and/or abdomen> 5,2-3
6,(10-)12-14 7,8.5-10.2 8,3 10,2 11,1 12,2 16,2 19,1 21,1 24,1 25,2
27,1<bare> 31,2 32,1 33,1/2<usually brown-haired anteriorly and
black-haired posteriorly, with a clear line of demarcation across the
middle, but brown-haired all over in a variety of \i{}M.
equestris\i0{}> 35,2 38,1 40,2<pale grey> 41,2 43,2 45,2 46,2 47,1
48,2 50,3 51,1-2 52,1 55,1 56,1 60,1 64,2-3 66<almost
cylindrical,>,5<or obconical, being almost straight sided>/- 70,1
72,1-2 73,1/2<banded black and brown, or black and pale greyish, or
tailed brown or greyish, but only owing to hair tints>/- 74<when
manifest,>,1 88,2 91,1-2 93,2 96<no more than>,2<prolegs absent>/-
99<pale brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1<the middle pair each divided into
two small projections> 108,1 109,1&2&7&14&5<etc., i.e., divers monocot
bulbs and rhizomes; seemingly responsible for causing rotting of
commercial narcissus and onion bulbs> 112<The hind femur thickened,
the legs all black.> 113,2 115,5 116,1<\i{}M. equestris\i0{}>
117<throughout Britain and Ireland> 119<merodon> 
 
# Microdon <Meigen>/
1<\i{}Aphritis\i0{}> 3,3<cf. \i{}Anthephora furcata\i0{}>/5<e.g.,
\i{}Andrena chrysosceles\i0{}> 4<dark brownish to greenish, without
conspicous marking> 5,2-3 6,7-12 7,6-9.25<i.e, relatively
short-winged> 8,2 9,2 10,2 11,2 19,2 21,2<somewhat longer than the
head> 22,1<on a slight tubercle> 23,1 25,2 26,1 27,1<setiform> 30,1
31,2 32,1 33,2 35,2 39<ferrugineus> 40<relatively short,>,2<pale grey>
41,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,1 50,1 51,3 52,1/3 55,1 56,1 64<much>,1
66<dumpy,>,1/5 70,2 72,1-2 73,2<with only faint, ill-defined silvery
reflections> 90,2<slug-like in form, and originally described as
molluscs!> 93,2 96<short and hemispherical in shape,
ventrally>,2<prolegs absent> 99,1<with a reticulate pattern of dark
setae>/2 108,2&6<found in ants nests, seemingly scavenging and
predacious at least on their pupae> 112<Relatively small-winged, the
scutellum exhibiting two posterior teeth.> 113,3 116,3 119<microdon> 
 
# Myathropa <Rondani>/
1<\i{}Myiatropa\i0{}, \i{}Myiathropa\i0{}, \i{}Myatropa\i0{}>
3<fairly>,9<cf. \i{}Dolichovespula\i0{} and \i{}Vespula\i0{} spp.>
4<black with yellow markings> 5,2-3 6,10-14 7,7-12 8,2 19<depicted
as>,1 21,1 22,1 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1 31,2 32,2 33<conspicuously>,1
34<when not worn,>,1 35,2 39,1/3<to orange or ferrugineous> 40,2 41,1
43,1-2 45,2<but almost doing so, the veins converging at the wing
margin> 46,2 47,1 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,1<almost straight> 55,2 56,1 60,3
64,1 66,5 70,1 73,1 75,2&3<that on 2 much more conspicuous> 76,2 81,1
84<bith>,1 85,2<the one on tergite 2>/1<the less conspicuous one on
tergite 3> 88,2 91<large, abruptly>,3<when mature, about 23 mm long to
the base of the approx. 28 mm tail> 93,1 94,2<rat-tailed> 95,1
96,1<having prolegs with crotchets in two rows> 99<pallid,
brownish,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,1-3 108,2 111<associated with wet
decay in trees,>,1&2&3&4&5 113,2 115,4 116,1<\i{}M. florea\i0{}>
117<throughout the British Isles> 119<myathrop> 
 
# Myolepta <Newman>/
1<\i{}Leptomyia\i0{}, \i{}Myiolepta\i0{}; formerly \i{}Xylota\i0{}
p.p.> 4<black and orange> 5,2-3 6,9-11 7,6-8.75 8,2 10,2
11,1<male>/2<female> 12,3 19,2 21,1 22<seated on a tubercle> 23,3 24,1
25,2 26,3 27,1 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 38,2 39,4 40,2<colourless to
slightly grey, with a brown spot in the middle of the fore border>
41,1 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1-2 51,2 52<basally>,1 55,2 56,1
64,2-3 66,3/4 70,1 73,1 75,1&2/1-3/2-3 76,2/3 78 84,1<the black median
markings forming distinctive, inkwell-shaped patterns: see
illustrations> 85,2<occupying the width of the segments, producing the
unusual effect of a contrastingly black tail> 88,2 91<rather
abruptly>,3 93,1 94,2<not rat-tailed> 95,2<about half as long as the
rest of the body, covered with papillae most of which bear tufts of
setae> 96<reaching 15-17 mm long,>,1 99<dirty whitish or pale
brownish,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,2-3 108,2 111,2<in deciduous trees>
112<The adults with a concave face leading smoothly to the projecting
margin of the mouth.> 113,2 115,3 116,2 119<myolepta> 
 
# Neoascia <Williston>/
1<\i{}Ascia\i0{}> 3,12<cf. \i{}Stigmus solskyi\i0{} and
\i{}Crossocerus\i0{} spp.> 4<blackish, often marked yellowish or
tawny> 5,1-2 6,3-6 7,3-5.5 8,1-2 9,2 10,1 11,2 13,1/2 19,U 21,1 22,1/2
23,1/1&2 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,2 33,2 39,4 40,1-2<slightly grey,
with (e.g., \i{}N. podagrica\i0{}) or without (e.g., \i{}N.
tenur\i0{}) a brown band from mid-costa to the disc and brown clouding
of apical transverse veins> 41,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1
51,3 52,3 53,1-2 54,2 55,2 56,2 64,1-3<wider in the females>
66,6<heavily so in females> 67,1<more or less so, in females>/2 70,1
73,1<but sometimes colour-tailed only> 75,2&3 76,2/3 79,1/2
84,1/3/1&3/2&3 85,1 88,2 91<to about 6 mm long,>,3 93,1 94,1 95,2<not
rat-tailed> 96<dorso-ventrally>,2<with small prolegs> 99<brown,>,2
103,1<a single pair oat the anterior margin of the prothorax, directed
backwards>/2 104,2 106,1 107,1-3 108,2/3<found in decaying vegetation
around ponds and in farmyard manure>/1<? - being also recorded from
\i{}Petasites\i0{} petioles> 112<The adults with a concave face
leading smoothly to the projecting margin of the mouth, and a
thickened hind femur.> 113,2 115,3 116,6 119<neoascia> 
 
# Orthonevra <Macquart>/
1<\i{}Orthoneura\i0{}> 4<metallic blackish to greenish bronze> 5,1-2
6<about>,4-7 7,4-6.25 8<slightly>,1-2 11,2 13<almost>,1/2 14,2 19,U
21,1 22,2<on a tubercle> 23,1/3 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,2 32,2 33,1-2
35,1<with two longitudinal dust stripes on the dorsum>/2 39,4/2
40,1-2<slightly grey, sometimes clouded dark in the disc> 41,1 43,2
45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,3 53,1 55,1<e.g., \i{}O.
nobilis\i0{}>/2 56,1-2 64<much>,1 66<depressed, broadly to
narrowly>,1/3/4 70,1 73,2 87,2 88,2 91,3 93,1 94,1 95,2 96,1 99<dark
brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107<more or less>,1 108,2 111,6<and mud,
in still and slow-moving water> 112<The adults with a concave face
leading smoothly to the projecting margin of the mouth.> 113,2 115,3
116,3 119<orthonev> 
 
# Paragus <Latreille>/
4<entirely black, or the abdomen partly or mostly red> 5,1-2 6,3.5-7
7,3.5-6 8<somewhat>,1 9,1<patterned yellow and black> 10,2 11,2 13,-
14,2 19,1 21,1 22,1 23,1/1&3 24,1 25,2 26,1 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2
35,2 39,4 40,2<rather small, colourless or slightly grey> 41,2 43,2
45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1-2 64,1-2 66<convex or
depressed only basally,>,1/5<e.g., \i{}P. albifrons\i0{}>/2/4<to
somewhat waisted in the middle, e.g., \i{}P. haemorrhous\i0{}, \i{}E.
tibialis\i0{}> 70,2<with segment 1 unusually well developed, extending
well beyond the scutellum> 73,1<female \i{}P. albifrons\i0{}>/2<\i{}P.
haemorrhous\i0{}, male \i{}P. albifrons\i0{}> 75,2&3<when present>
76<when present,>,3/5<duskily so> 88,1 91,1<to 8 mm long,> 93,2
96,2<oval in section, posteriorly flattened> 99<brown,>,1<mottled
white and darker brown> 101,1 102,1 104,1 106,2 108,6<on root aphids>
112<The face arched and not hollowed beneath the frontal prominence,
patterned yellow and black; wings longer than the abdomen.> 113,1
114,2 116,4 119<paragus> 
 
# Parasyrphus <Matsumura>/
1<\i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,4 4<black to bluish-black or dark bronze,
with yellow bands or spots> 5,2-3 6,6-10(-11.5) 7,5.5-9.25
8<slightly>,1-2 9,1 10,2 11,1 19,1/2 21,1 22,2 24,1 25,2 26,2-3 27,1
31,1 32,2 33,2 35,2 40,2 41,2 42,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,2-3
51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,1 64,2 66,1 68,1<\i{}P.
nigritarsis\i0{}>/2<usually> 70,2 73,1 75,2-4 76,2 81,1 82,1/2/3
84,1/1&3/1&2<those on tergites 3 & 4 sometimes only partially
interrupted> 85,1-2 88,1 91<scarcely tapering, or slightly>,2 93,2
96,2<beneath - hemispherical in section> 98,1/2<with light
longitudinal stripes or dark chevrons> 99,1 100,1/2 101,1 104,1 106,2
108,6<most on pine adelgids and aphids, but \i{}P. punctulatus\i0{} on
ranges to \i{}Rosa\i0{} and \i{}Fagus\i0{}, while \i{}P.
nigritarsis\i0{} feeds exclusively on eggs, larvae and pupae of
chrysomelids on \i{}Alnus\i0{} and \i{}Salix\i0{}> 113,1 114,3 116,6
119<parasyrp> 
 
# Parhelophilus <Girschner>/
1<\i{}Helophilus\i0{} p.p.> 3,9<e.g., cf. \i{}P. frutetorum\i0{} and
\i{}Vespula rufa\i0{}> 4<piceous black, marked yellow to tawny> 5,2-3
6<about>,8-11.5 7,7-9 8<somewhat>,1-2 9,1 10,1-2 11,1-2 13,1/2 15,1
16,1 19,2 21,1 22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23,4/5 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1
31,2 32,2 33,1 35,1<these yellowish> 38,1 39,3<ferrugineous>
40,2<slightly grey> 41,1 43,2 45,2 46,2<near the middle> 47,1 48,2
50,3 51,1 52,1<almost straight> 55,2 56,1 60,3 64,2-3 66,5<to almost
orbicular, sometimes straight-sided> 70,1 73,1 75,2&3<less conspicuous
on 3> 76,2-3 81,1 84,1<so as to result in complex dark figures> 85,2
88,2 89,1 91<abruptly>,3 93,1 94,2 95,1<rat-tailed> 96,1<the prolegs
with crochets in three or more rows> 99,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 107,1
108,2/1&2<? - recorded in \i{}Typha\i0{} leaf sheaths>
111<mostly>,6<in ponds and slow-moving water> 112<Adults lacking the
bare facial stripe of \i{}Helophilus\i0{}.> 113,2 115,4 116,3
119<parhelop> 
 
# Pelecocera <Meigen>/
4<black, with or without yellow markings> 5,1-2 6,4-5<\i{}P.
tricincta\i0{}>/7-8<\i{}P. latifrons\i0{}> 7,3.5-7.25 8,1-2 10<with
the lower half extending smoothly forwards> 11,2 19,1/2<?> 21,1 22,2
23,1&5 24,3 25<thickened,>,2<but inserted near the upper end of the
segment> 26,1 27,1 31,2 33,2 35,2 39,4 40,2 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2
48,2 50,1 51,3 52,3 53,1 55,2 56,1 64,2-3 66<very
narrowly>,5/1/4/2/7<sometimes, almost> 70,1 73,1 75,2-4 76,2
84,1&3/1&2&3<the one on tergite 2 interrupted, those on 3 and 4 entire
or partially interrupted> 85,1-2 88,2 95,U 112<The life cycle appears
to be unknown.> 113,2 115,6 116,1<\i{}P. tricincta\i0{}> 117<seemingly
confined in the British Isles to southern England> 119<pelicoce> 
 
# Pipiza <Falln>/
4<black or blackish, sometimes patterned tawny to orange> 5,2-3
6,(6-)7-10(-11) 7,4.5-9.25 8,1-2 10,1 11,2<covered with long, drooping
shaggy hairs> 14,2 19,1 21,1 22<seated on a prominant part of the
frons> 23,1/1&3 24,1 25,2 26,1-3 27,1<pubescent> 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2
39,4 40,1/2<sometimes darkened in the disc> 41,1/2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2
48,2 49,2 50,1 51,2-3 52,2 54,1 55,2 56,1 63,2 64,1-2 66<flattened,
narrowly>,5/1 70,1 71,2 73,1/2 75<(when present)>,2<only> 76,2-3
78<when present,>,1 79,1/2 84,1<being represented by large spots on
tergite 2> 85,1-2 88,2 91,1/2 93,2 96,1-2<hemispherical> 97,1/2
99<green or dark brown,>,1/2 101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<on a wide range
of arboreal and ground-layer aphids> 113,2 115,7 116,4 119<pipiza> 
 
# Pipizella <Rondani>/
1<formerly \i{}Pipiza\i0{} p.p.> 4<blackish tinted brownish, with
golden hairs on the thorax and legs> 5,2 6,6-8 7,3.75-6.25 8,2 10,1
11,2<covered with long, drooping shaggy hairs> 14,2 19,1 21,1
22,2<seated on a prominant part of the frons> 23,1 24,1<somewhat
elongate> 25,2 26,2-3 27,1<pubescent> 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,2/4
40,2<pale grey, somtimes with a large indefinite, very pale brown spot
extending from the pale brown stigma to mid-disc> 41,2 43,2 45,2 46,1
47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1 51,3 52,2-3 53,1 54,2 55,2 56,1 63,1
64<slightly>,1-2 66<almost flat, narrowly>,5/1 70,1 71,2 73,2 88,2
93,2 96,2<more so than those of \i{}Pipiza\i0{}> 99<dark brown,>,1
101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<aphidivorous, on the root aphids of
umbellifers> 113,2 115,7 116,3 119<pipizell> 
 
# Platycheirus <Lepeletier & Serville>/
1<including\i{}Pyrophaena\i0{} Schiner; formerly \i{}Syrphus\i0{}
p.p.> 3<variously>,4<commonly>/5/8/9/12<cf. \i{}Crossocerus
quadrimaculatus\i0{}>/16<\i{}P. granditarsa\i0{} resembles species of
\i{}Nomada\i0{}, \i{}Andrena\i0{} and \i{}Sphecodes\i0{}, and though
much smaller is even like \i{}Sirex\i0{} spp. in shape and pattern>
4<black marked with with yellow or grey> 5,1-3 6,5-10 7,4.5-9 8,1-2
9,2<black> 10,2 11,1<though this is sometimes only slight> 13 14,2
17,2 18,2 19,2<at least, none depicted as hairy> 21,1 22,2 23,1 24,1
25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,2<aeneous, according to Walker,
Verrall and Coe>/4<? - cf. van Veens key> 40,2<almost colourless,
brown, slightly grey or grey> 41,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,1-2
51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1 58,1 61,1 64,2-3 66,1/3/4/2/6/7 69,5-6 70,2
73,1<usually>/2 75,2/2-4/2-5 76,2/3/4/5<almost>/6 78,2<\i{}P.
rosarum\i0{} only>/3 79,1/2 81,1/2 84,1<all of them, usually>/3<e.g.,
in \i{}P. granditarsus\i0{}> 85,1<mostly, sometimes occupying the
whole of tergites 2-4>/1&2 88,1 91,1 93,2 96,1-2<sub-rectangular in
section> 97,1/2 98,1-2<the stipe sometimes indistinct> 99<variously
coloured,>,1<usually mottled cream and pale brown, usually dorally and
laterally longitudinally striped> 100,1/2 101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<some
generalized, others aphidiphorous and specializing within that
category> 112<The front tibiae and tarsi often markedly flattened.>
113,1 114,1 116,23 119<platyche> 
 
# Pocota <Lepeletier & Serville>/
3,1<cf. \i{}Bombus terrestris\i0{} and \i{}B. lucorum\i0{}> 4<black
with coloured hair bands> 5,3-4 6,11-16 7,(11-)12-13(-14) 8,3 10,1
11,2 19,2 21,1 22,2 23,4 24,1 25,2 26,2-3 27,1 31,2 32,1
33,1<brown-haired anteriorly and black-haired posteriorly, with a
clear line of demarcation across the middle> 35,2 39,4 40,1<with a
dark patch extending halfway across the disc from the costa> 41,1-2
45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2 50,2-3 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64<much>,1 66<very
broadly>,5 70,1 72,1 73,1 74,1 75,3&4<with banding and tailing
effected by the abdominal hairs, viz., black anteriorly and white on
the tail, with an interrupted orange-tawny band on tergite 3 between>
76,3-4 88,2 91,3 93<shortly>,1 94,1 95,2 96,1<sub-cylindrical, the
small prolegs with 7 or 8 primary crochets> 99<dark brown,>,2 103,2
104,2 106,1 108,2 111,2<above ground level in trees, especially beech>
113,2 115,10 116,1<\i{}P. personata\i0{}> 117<recorded from southern
England to north Yorkshire> 119<pocota> 
 
# Portevinia <Goffe>/
1<\i{}Cheilosia\i0{} p.p.> 3<somewhat>,17/- 4<black with grey spots>
5,2 6,8-9 7,6-8.25 8,2 9,2 10<with the lower half smoothly extended>
11,2 19,2 20,1 21,1 22,2 24,1 25,2 27,1 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,4 40,2
41,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,2 52,2 55,2 56,1 64,2 66<fairly
broadly>,1 70,1 73<fairly>,1 75,2-4 76,1/6 84,1/1&3/1&2<the narrower
band on tergite 4 entire or incompletely interrupted> 85<fairly>,2
88,2 93,2 96<(ventrally?>,2<markedly flattened posteriorly, with a
longitudianl anal slit and prolegs absent> 99<cream,>,2 103,2 104,2
106,1 108,1 109,1<recorded tunnelling in \i{}Allium ursinum\i0{}
bulbs> 113,2 115,2 116,1<\i{}P. maculata\i0{}> 117<British Isles,
including western Scotland and Ireland> 119<portevin> 
 
# Psilota <Meigen>/
3,17 4<blackish> 5,2 6,5-6 7,6-7.5<i.e., relatively long-winged> 8,2
9,2 10,1<covered in long, drooping shaggy hairs> 11,2 14,2 19,1 21,1
22,1 23,1 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,4 40,2<grey,
yellowish in front> 41,2<but the stigma conspicuously yellow> 42,2
43,1 44,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1 51,3 52,3 53,1 54,2 55,2 56,1
64<slightly>,1-2 66,3<to almost orbicular> 70,1 73,2 88,2
93<shortly>,1<?> 108,2 111,2&3<in decaying sap, in coniferous and
hardwood trees> 113,2 115,5 116,1<\i{}P. anthracina\i0{}> 117<a
rarity, recorded from southern and midlands England> 119<psilota> 
 
# Riponnensia <Mailbach, Goeldlin de Tiefenau & Speight>/
1<\i{}Chrysogaster\i0{} p.p., \i{}Orthoneura\i0{} p.p.> 4<cupreous to
bronze or bluish greenish> 5,2 6<about>,8 7,5.5-7 8<somewhat>,1-2 9,2
14,2 19,2 21,1 22,2<but seated on a tubercle> 23,1/3<?> 24,1 25,2
26,2/3 27,1 31,2 32,2 33,1-2 35<bright brassy,>,1<with a pair of
fairly inconspicuous dark striae towards the front>/2 38,2 40,2<pale
grey> 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1-2<near the middle> 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3
52,2-3 53,1 55,2<but almost re-entrant, as depicted by Falk> 56,1
64,1<in the female>/2<in the male> 66<depressed, more or less>,1<in
the male>/3<in the female> 70,1 73,2 87,2 88,2 91,3 93,1 94,1 95,2
96,1 99<dark brown,>,2 104,2 106,1 107<more or less>,1 108,2 111,6<and
mud, in still and slow-moving water> 112<The adults with a concave
face leading smoothly to the projecting margin of the mouth; the face
with the upper two thirds covered by a broad, straight white
cross-band, with no shagreened area below. The larva is here assumed
to resemble that of \i{}Orthonevra\i0{}.> 113,2 115,3 116,1<\i{}R.
splendens\i0{}> 117<in marshes, fens and wet woodland locations across
the British Isles> 119<ripponen> 
 
# Rhingia <Scopoli>/
3<somewhat>,5<cf. \i{}Andrena marginata\i0{}>/8<cf. \i{}Sphecodes
gibbus\i0{}> 4<black marked with tawny> 5,2 6,6-11 7,6-9.5 8,1-2 11,2
13,1 14,1<characteristically very long-snouted> 19,2 20,1<?> 21,1
22,1<seated on a tubercle> 23<pale>,2/5 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,1<pubescent>
31,2 32,2 33,1-2 35,1<sometimes, dusted with pale stripes>/2 39<of
\i{}R. rostrata\i0{} dark tawny, clothed with yellow hairs>
40,2<extending beyond the abdomen, pale grey with 5 vinereous stripes
and tinged tawny basally and along the fore border to the stigma>
41,2<this tawny> 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,2 52,2 55,2 56,1
64,1-2 66,1/5 70,1 73,1/2<in the sense that in \i{}R. rostrata\i0{}
the bands are so wide as to render all the tergites tawny> 76,3<when
identifiable as such> 84,1<in \i{}R. campestris\i0{}>/- 85,2 88,2
91,1/2<the body invested with stiff pubescence, and abdominal segments
6-8 with long, black papillae> 93,2 96,2<prolegs absent> 99,2 103,2
104,2 106,1<three conspicuous, stick-like pairs> 108,3<found in cow
pats> 112<Wing vein 2 (R4+5) meeting the costa far below the apex of
the wing, and the face extended below into a long, porrect snout.>
113,2 115,2 116,2 119<rhingia> 
 
# Scaeva <Fabricius>/
1<\i{}Catabomba\i0{} Osten Sacken, \i{}Lasiopthicus\i0{}; formerly
\i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3<somewhat>,4/9<but cf. also the
mainland-european crabronid \i{}Bembix rostrata\i0{}>/- 4<black marked
with whitish or yellow> 5,2-3 6,10-15.9 7,8.5-12.5 8,1 9,1 10,2 11,1-2
14,2 17,1<usually>/2<in \i{}S. mecogramma\i0{}> 18,2 19,1 21,1 22,2
23,1&5 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2 39,1/3 40,2<colourless>
41,2 42,2 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2<though downwardly curved> 48,2 50,3
51,1-2 52,2 55,1-2 56,1 57,2 59,1 62,2 64,1 66<depressed, broadly>,5/1
68,1 69,5-6 70,2 73,1<usually, with lunules>/2<sometimes melanic>
75,2-4 76,1-2 80,1/2 81,1/2 83,1/2 84,1 85<relatively>,1 88,1 91,1
93,2 96,1<sub-cylinfrical> 97,1/2 98,1<with broad dorsal and narrow
lateral pale stripes> 99,1<green, brown or pinkish> 104,1 106,2
108,6<aphidivorous: \i{}S. pyrastri\i0{} on a wide range of ground
layer and arboreal species, \i{}S. selentica\i0{} associated with
pines> 112<The adult abdomen is characteristic, with the lunules
sharply incurved anteriorly at the median line.> 113,1 114,3 116,4
119<scaeva> 
 
# Sericomyia <Meigen>/
1<\i{}Cinxia\i0{}, \i{}Sericomya\i0{}> 3,9<especially \i{}S.
silentis\i0{}, cf. \i{}Dolichovespula\i0{} and \i{}Vespula\i0{}>
4<black with yellow markings> 5,3-4 6,12-16 7,9.25-14 8<slightly>,1-2
9,1 10,2 11,1 19,2 21,1 22,2 23,1/3<?> 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,2 31,2 32,2
33,1<with a pair of anterior pale spots>/2<?> 35,2 39,3<ferrugineous>
40,2<grey, tinted somewhat ferrugineous or tawny basally and along the
costa, sometimes clouded brown at the tips> 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1-2<near
the middle> 47,2 48,2 50,3 52,1 55,2 56,1 64,1 66,5<in the
female>/1/5<in the male> 73,1 75,2-4 76,1-2/3 84<narrowly>,1<the bands
more or less straight> 85,1 91<with the thorax broader than the
abdomen, and abruptly>,3<the prolegs small and weakly developed - an
unusual feature among long-tailed forms> 93,1 94,2 95,1<rat-tailed>
96,1 99<dark brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 108,2 111,6<in peaty moorland
pools> 113,2 115,8 116,2 119<sericomy> 
 
# Sphaerophoria <Lepeletier & Serville>/
1<\i{}Melithreptus\i0{} Loew, \i{}Melitrophus\i0{}> 3<sometimes
somewhat>,14/12<often, cf. \i{}Cerceris\i0{}, \i{}Crossocerus\i0{},
\i{}Ectemnius\i0{}> 4<black with yellow markings> 5,1-3
6,(5-)7-10(-12) 7,4.25-7 8,1/1-2 9,1 10,2 14,2 19<depicted as>,2 21,1
22,2 23,4<yellow>/5 24,1 25,2 27,1<almost bare> 31,1<and exposed> 32,2
33,1<with yellow> 35,1 36,1 37,1 39,1 40,2<rather short and narrow,
almost colourless to slightly grey> 41,2 42,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2
50,2-3 51,2-3 52,2 55,2 56,1 57,2 62,2 64,2-3<narrower in males>
66<narrowly>,1/4/2/7<narrower in males, sometimes waisted> 68,2 69,7
70,2 73,1 75,2-5 76,2 79,1/2 84,1/1&3/1&2&3 85,1/2 88,1 91,2<the body
covered with dome-shaped papillae> 93,2 96,1 97,1 98,1-2<the pale
dorsal stripes can be inconspicuous> 99<bright green,>,1 104,1 106,2
108,6<associated with aphids and other Homoptera on ground level
plants> 113,1 114,3 116,11 119<sphaerop> 
 
# Sphegina <Meigen>/
3,12<cf. \i{}Pemphredon\i0{} and \i{}Psenulus\i0{}> 4<dark or
blackish, sometimes marked yellowish to reddish> 5,1-2 6<slender,
elongate,>,5-9 7,4.75-7 8,1-2 11,2 19<depicted as>,2 21,1 23,1/5 24,1
25,2 27,1<bare> 31,2 33,2 35,2 40,2<slightly grey in \i{}S.
clunipes\i0{}> 41,2 43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1 51,3 52,3 53,2
54,2 55,2 56,2 64<at the widest (posterior) part>,2/3 66,6
67<conspicuously>,1<segment 2 being narrow-elongate, with 3 and 4
broadened> 73,1<in males>/2 75,3<only>/3&4 76,2-3<to reddish?> 84,3
85,2 91,3 93<shortly>,1 94,1 96<dorso-ventrally>,2<6-8 mm long, with
small prolegs> 99<pale brown,>,2 103,2 104,2 106,1 108,2 111,1&3
112<The adults with a concave face leading smoothly to the projecting
margin of the mouth.> 113,2 115,3 116,4 119<sphegina> 
 
# Syritta <Lepeletier & Serville>/
3,12<? - the female having been likened to \i{}Crossocerus
quadrimaculatus\i0{}>/13<a better match for the the narrow-bodied
male> 4<black or blackish, with pale marks> 5,2 6,7-9 7,4.25-7 8,2
10,1<concave> 11,2 12,1 19,2 21,1 22,2 23,1&3 24,1 25,2 27,1<bare>
31,2 32,2 33,1 35,1 36,1<greyish or silvery lateral or
lateral-anterior stripes only> 38,2 39,4 40,2<colourless> 41,2 43,1
45,2 46,1-2<near the middle> 47,2 48,2 50,1 51,3 52,1 54,2 55,1-2
56,1-2 64,3 66<cylindric,almost>,7/2/4<somewhat waisted in males> 73,1
75,2&3/2-4 76,2-3/6 84,1 85,1-2 91,3 93<shortly>,1 94,1
96,1<sub-cylindrical, to about 12 mm long> 99<darkish brown,>,2 103,2
104,2 106,1 107,2-3 108,2&3<short-tailed maggots, found in rotting
compost, manure, silage, and decaying vegetation, but not under water>
113,2 115,10 116,1<\i{}S. pipiens\i0{}> 117<throughout the British
Isles> 119<syritta> 
 
# Syrphus <Fabricius>/
1<\i{}Syrphidis\i0{}> 3,9<cf. \i{}Dolichovespula\i0{} and
\i{}Vespula\i0{}>/4/6<\i{}S. pyrastri\i0{} only> 4<black with yellow
markings, the thorax dusted greenish black> 5,2-3 6,8-11(-13)
7,7.25-11.5 8<slightly>,1-2 9,1<never with a black facial stripe,
though the mouth edge is sometimes black> 10,2 11,1 14,2 17,2 18,2
19,1/2 21,1 22,2 23,1&3&5 24,1 25,2 26,2/3 27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2
35,2 39,1/2/3 40,2<more or less colourless> 41,1<sometimes>/2 42,2
43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,1 55,2 56,1 57,1<this supposedly
being diagnostic for the genus> 62,2 64,1-2 66<depressed,>,1/5 68,1
69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2-4/2-5 76,2 81,1/2 82,1/2/3 84,1/1&3/1&2&3<the
one on tergite 2 interrupted, others variously interrupted or only
partially so or entire> 85,1 88,1 91,1 93,2 96,1 97,1/2 98,1-2
99<greenish to pale brownish,>,1<with white, red and yellow or brown
chevrons> 100,1 104,1 106,2 108,6<on divers arboreal and ground layer
aphids> 113,1 114,3 116,3 119<syrphus> 
 
# Trichopsomyia <Williston>/
1<\i{}Pipiza\i0{} p.p., \i{}Parapenium\i0{}> 4<black or bluish-black,
some with yellow markings> 5,1-2 6,5-8 7,4-6 8,1-2 9,2 10,1
11,2<covered with long, drooping shaggy hairs> 19,1 21,1 22,2<seated
on a prominent part of the frons> 23,1 24,1 25,2 27,1<but quite hairy>
31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,4 40,1/2<grey, sometimes with a large, dark,
indefinite grey spot extending from the yellow-brown stigma to
mid-disc> 41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1 51,3 52,2 54,2 55,2
56,1 64,2-3 66<flattened,>,1/3 71,2 73,1<in the female>/2 75,2<i.e.,
in the female> 76,2 78,1 79,1 91,1 93,2 96,1-2<hemispherical>
99,2<uniformly translucent creamy white> 100,1 101,2 104,1 106,2
108,6<on \i{}Juncus\i0{}-associated psillids> 113,2 115,7 116,1<\i{}T.
flavitarsis\i0{}> 117<Scottish Highlands to the English Midlands,
Wales and Ireland> 119<trichops> 
 
# Triglyphus <Loew>/
4<black> 5,1-2 6,4.5-6 7,4.25-5<i.e., relatively long-winged>
8<slightly>,1-2 9,2 10,1 11,2<covered with long, drooping shaggy
hairs> 19,1-2<?> 21,1 24,1 25,2 27,1 31,2 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,4 40,2
41,2 43,1 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 49,2 50,1 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64,2<in
the female>/3<in the male> 66<narrowly>,1<male>/2/5<but somewhat
angled a the widest part, in the female> 71,1 73,2 93,2
96,2<hemispherical> 108,6<associated with the galls of an aphid on
\i{}Artemisia\i0{}> 112<Characterized by the large tergites 2 and 3 in
combination with the minute or inconspicuous 4.> 113,2 115,7
116,1<\i{}T. primus\i0{}> 117<widespread in England north to S.
Yorkshire> 119<triglyph> 
 
# Tropidia <Meigen>/
3,4 4<black with tawny marking> 5,2-3 6,9-11 7,5.5-8.25
8<slightly>,1-2 10,1<concave> 11,2 12,1 19,2 21,1 22,1<inserted in a
small cavity in a protuberance in the middle of the face> 23,1&3 24,1
25,2 27,1<bare> 31,2 33,2 35,2 38,2 39,4 40,2<slightly grey> 41,2
43,2<and somewhat deflexed> 45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,1 52,1 55,2
56,1 60,1 64,2 66<rather narrowly>,5<in the male>/1<in the female>
73,1 75,2&3 76,3 81,1/2 84<broadly>,1 85,1<in the female>/2<in the
male> 91,3 93<shortly>,1 94,1 96,1-2<up to 15 mm long, oval in
section, with small prolegs> 99,2 103,1<a row of mostly small ones on
the anterior margin of the mesothorax, and a few more dorsal and on
the lateral thoracic margins> 104,2 106,1 108,2 111<probably
short-tailed maggots, to be found>,6<at the margins of ponds and
ditches> 112<The median black abdominal component in the male forms a
conspicuous pattern - see illustration. Differing from \i{}Xylota\i0{}
in the swollen hind femur with its distal protuberance.> 113,2 115,10
116,1<\i{}T. scita\i0{}> 117<fens and marshes of southern and eastern
England, extending coastally to southern Scotland, and also recorded
from Ireland> 119<tropidia> 
 
# Volucella <Geoffroy>/
3,1<\i{}V. bombylans\i0{}, cf. assorted British \i{}Bombus\i0{}
spp.>/9<\i{}V. zonaria\i0{}>/9&10<\i{}V. inanis\i0{}> 4<black, black
and white, black and yellow or black and orange> 5,3-4 6,11-20
7,8-19.5 8,2-3 10,2 11,1 13<more or less>,1/2 19,1/2 21,1 22,1
23,3/1&3 24,1 25,2 26,3 27,2 31,2 33,1<by hair colours>/2 35,1/2
39<pale>,3<\i{}V. inflata\i0{}>/4<piceous, in \i{}V. bombylans\i0{}
and \i{}V. pellucens\i0{}> 40,1<palely tinted proximally, with a dark
area extending halfway across the wing from the stigma and darkened
near the wing-tip>/1-2<the discal darkening lacking in \i{}V.
lappona\i0{}> 41,1/2 43,1 45,1 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,1-2 52,1-2 55,1
56,1 64<much>,1 66,5<to almost orbicular> 72,1-2 73,1<sometimes
colour-tailed only, with the posterior segments black, white or tawny>
74,1<e.g., \i{}V. bombylans\i0{}>/2<e.g., \i{}V. inanis\i0{}, \i{}V.
zonaria\i0{}> 75,2-4/2/4 76,2/3 78,1/3/- 84<narrowly>,1/1&2/3 85,1-2
91<somewhat>,1/2 93,2 96,1-2<exhibiting well developed prolegs with
long crochets, also conspicuous transverse rows of setae and long,
pointed lateral projections along the lateral margins, except in
\i{}V. inanis\i0{}, which is smooth bodied and more flattened> 99,2
102,1/2 103,2 104,2 106,1 108,2<\i{}V.inflata\i0{}, recorded from a
sap run on \i{}Quercus\i0{}>/6<the other species found in nests of
social vasps, consuming larvae, pupae, corpses and probably waste
materials> 113,2 115,9 116,5 119<volucell> 
 
# Xanthandrus <Verrall>/
1<\i{}Syrphus\i0{} p.p.> 3,4/10 4<black or blackish with yellow to
reddish-orange markings> 5,2-3 6,10-12 7,8.75-11.5 8,1 9,2<black> 10,2
14,2 18,2 19<depected as>,2 21,1 22,2 23,1<piceous> 24,1 25,2 26,3
27,1<bare> 31,1 32,2 33,2 35,2 39,2<aeneous, according to Coe>/4<? -
cf. van Veens key> 40,2<slightly grey> 41,1<this unusually elongate>
43,2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,2 51,2 52,2 55,2 56,1 58,2 64,1
66<depressed, more or less>,1<but somewhat angular in the middle>
69,5-6 70,2 73,1 75,2-4 76,2-3 79,1 82,1/2/3 84,1/1&3/1&2<the band on
tergite 2 reduced to a pair of spots, those on 3 and 4 widely
interrupted or only partially so> 85,1-2 88,1 91,1/2 93,2 96,1<oval in
section> 97,1 99<translucent green,>,1<with dark spots> 100,1 104,1
106,2 108,6<on larvae of yponomeutid and tortricid micro-lepidoptera>
113,1 114,1 116,1<\i{}X. comtus\i0{}> 117<recorded from southern
England to N. Wales, southern Scotland and Ireland> 119<xanthand> 
 
# Xanthogramma <Schiner>/
1<\i{}Doros\i0{} p.p.> 3,3/4/12<compare \i{}X. pedissequum\i0{} with
\i{}Gorytes\i0{}, \i{}Crabro\i0{}, \i{}Ectemnius\i0{} and
\i{}Nomada\i0{}, \i{}X. citrofacciatum\i0{} with \i{}Nomada\i0{} and
\i{}Ectemnius\i0{} spp.> 4<black with yellow markings> 5,2-3 6,8-13
7,6.5-10.25 8,2 9,1 10,2 18,2 19,2 21,1 22,2 23,4<greenish yellow>
24,1 25,2 27,1<pubescent> 31,1 32,2 33,1<with yellow> 35,1 36,1 37,1
39,1 40,1-2<pale grey, tawny towards the base and brown along the fore
border, the tinting less conspicuous in \i{}X. citrofasciatum\i0{}>
41,1/2 42,2 43,1/2 45,2 46,1 47,2 48,2 50,3 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 62,2
64<much>,1 66,3<sometimes rather angled at the widest part in \i{}X.
citrofasciatum\i0{}> 68,1 69,5/6 70,2 73,1 75,2-4 76,2<the lateral
yellow marks on 2 triagular, those on 3 and 4 straight> 84,1 85,1 88,1
93,2 96,1<oval in section> 99,1 101,2 104,1 106,2 108,6<those of
\i{}X. citrofasciatum\i0{} being found in ants' nests, feeding on
ant-attended root aphids> 113,1 114,3 116,2 119<xanthogr> 
 
# Xylota <Meigen>/
3,13/16<with \i{}X. signis\i0{} remarkably similar to \i{}Sirex
juvencus\i0{} in shape and patterning, but much smaller>/12<\i{}X.
sylvarum\i0{}, with reference to the posture in life, rather than
morphology> 4<black, black and red, or black marked with yellowish or
greyish> 5,2-3 6,(9-)10-14 7,5.5-12 8,1 9,2 10,1<but not descending
far below the level of the eyes, by contrast with
\i{}Brachypalpus\i0{} and \i{}Criorhina\i0{}> 11,2 12,3 19<depicted
as>,2 21,1 22<seated on a tubercle> 23,1 25,2 26,2-3 27,1<basally
slightly pubescent> 31,2 32,2 33,1<with two anterior pale spots> 35,2
38,2 39,4 40,2<pale grey, or tinged with brown between costa and disc>
41,1-2 43,1 45,2 46,2 47,2 48,2 50,2-3 51,3 52,2 55,2 56,1 64,2-3
65,5.8-7.8 66<narrowly>,5/1/4<rather parallel-sided, or even slightly
narrowed in the mid-region>/7<almost> 73,1<sometimes tawny- or
yellow-tailed only> 75,2&3<mostly>/4&5<when tailed only> 76,1/3/4-5/6
79,1/2 84,1/2&3<\i{}X. tarda\i0{} and \i{}X. segnis\i0{} having
tergite 2 partially interrupted proximally, and 3 entire>
85<usually>,1/2<notably in \i{}X. tarda\i0{} and \i{}X. florum\i0{}>
91,2/3 93,1/2<\i{}X. segnis\i0{}> 94<when tailed, shortly>,1 96<to
12-15 mm long,>,1<sub-cylindrical> 99<dark or light brown,>,2 103,2
104,2 106,1 108,2/3/4 111<variously>,1&2&3&4&5&6<as well as in silage
and rotten potatoes> 112<The thorax short-haired, unlike
\i{}Chalcosyrphus\i0{} and \i{}Brachypalpus\i0{}.> 113,2 115,10 116,7
119<xylota> 
