*COMMENT Taxon images for HTML descriptions.
*TAXON IMAGES
# \b{}\i{}Danaidae\i0{}\b0{}/
      danaus01.jpg <@subject Danaus plexippus (Milkweed, Monarch): photos>
                   <@text x=458 y=47
                                t=\i{}Danaus plexippus\i0{} (Milkweed, Monarch):
                                upper-and undersides. \par{}\par{}Bungendore,
                                New South Wales, 8/12/1979. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      fom027.jpg <@subject Danaus plexippus (Milkweed, Monarch: Morris, 1893)>

# \i{}Danaus\i0{}/
      danaus01.jpg <@subject Danaus plexippus (Milkweed, Monarch): photos>
                   <@text x=458 y=47
                                t=\i{}Danaus plexippus\i0{} (Milkweed, Monarch):
                                upper-and undersides. \par{}\par{}Bungendore,
                                New South Wales, 8/12/1979. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      plexiplh.jpg <@subject Danaus plexippus (Milkweed, Monarch): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=864 y=31
                                t=\i{}Danaus plexippus\i0{} (Milkweed, Monarch):
                                egg, fully grown larva and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      fom027.jpg <@subject Danaus plexippus (Milkweed, Monarch: Morris, 1893)>

# \b{}\i{}Hesperiidae\i0{}\b0{}/
      newmphes.jpg <@subject Skippers: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=627 y=930
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Thymelicus sylvestris\i0{} (Small
                                Skipper, female and male); 2a-b, \i{}Thymelicus
                                acteon\i0{} (Lulworth Skipper, male and female);
                                3a-b, \i{}Hesperia comma\i0{} (Silver-spotted
                                Skipper, male and female); 4,
                                \i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{} (Chequered
                                Skipper); 5a-b, \i{}Ochlodes faunus\i0{} (Large
                                Skipper, male and female); 6, \i{}Erynnis
                                tages\i0{} (Dingy Skipper); 7a, \i{}Pyrgus
                                malvae\i0{} (Grizzled Skipper); 7b, \i{}Pyrgus
                                malvae\i0{} (Grizzled Skipper, variety). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      lskip02.jpg <@subject Ochlodes faunus (Large Skipper), in characteristic
                           hesperiid resting pose: photo, Giles Watson>
                  <@text x=593 y=90
                               t=\i{}Ochlodes faunus\i0{}: female, in
                               characteristic hesperiid pose. Seven Barrows,
                               near Lambourne, Berks. 20/6/08, Giles Watson.>
      cole015.jpg <@subject Carterocephalus, Erynnis, Hesperia, Ochlodes,
                           Pyrgus, Thymelicus (Skippers: Coleman, 1860)>
      meyr369.gif <@subject Ochlodes faunus: neuration>
      dpap31.jpg <@subject Larvae of assorted Hesperiidae: Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=257 y=88
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 89, \i{}Thymelicus
                              sylvestris\i0{}; 90, \i{}Hesperia comma\i0{}; 91,
                              \i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{}.>

# \i{}Carcharodus\i0{}/
      carcha01.jpg <@subject Carcharodus alceae (Mallow Skipper): photo>
                   <@text x=428 y=32
                                t=\i{}Carcharodus alceae\i0{}e (Mallow Skipper):
                                uppersides of female (above) and male.
                                \par{}\par{}Bagneux, Seine, July 1954. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      alceaelh.jpg <@subject Carcharodus alceae (Mallow Skipper): larva (Le Cerf
                            & Herbulot)>
                   <@text x=684 y=64
                                t=Larva of \i{}Carcharodus alceae\i0{}. From Le
                                Cerf & Herbulot (1950).>
      kir0161.jpg <@subject Carcharodus alceae (Mallow Skipper), Pyrgus
                           armoricanus (Oberarthurs Grizzled Skipper): Kirby, 1907>
                  <@text x=47 y=934
                               t=Figs. 1a-c, \i{}Carcharodus alceae\i0{} (Mallow
                               Skipper). Fig. 5, \i{}Pyrgus armoricanus\i0{}
                               (Oberarthrs Grizzled Skipper). From Kirby
                               (1907).>

# \i{}Carterocephalus\i0{}/
      carter01.jpg <@subject Carterocephalus palaemon (Chequered Skipper):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=461 y=888
                                t=\i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{} (Chequered
                                Skipper): upper- and undersides of male, and (at
                                right) upperside of female.
                                \par{}\par{}Peterborough, Northants., June 1951
                                From Watsons collection.>
      palaemlh.jpg <@subject Carterocephalus palaemon (Chequered Skipper): egg
                            and larva>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{} (Chequered
                                Skippery): fully grown larva, and pupa. From
                                South (1921).>
      dpap31.jpg <@subject Larvae of C. palaemon and other Hesperiidae:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=257 y=88
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 89, \i{}Thymelicus
                              sylvestris\i0{}; 90, \i{}Hesperia comma\i0{}; 91,
                              \i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{}.>

# \i{}Erynnis\i0{}/
      erynni01.jpg <@subject Erynnis tages (Dingy Skipper): photos>
                   <@text x=435 y=28
                                t=\i{}Erynnis tages\i0{} (Dingy Skipper):
                                upperside (above) and underside of female.
                                \par{}\par{}Cheddleton, near Leek, Staffs., June
                                1954. From Watsons collection.>
      tageslh.jpg <@subject Erynnis tages (Dingy Skipper): egg, larva, cocoon>
                  <@text x=836 y=914
                               t=\i{}Erynnis tages\i0{} (Dingy Skipper): egg,
                               fully grown larva, and cocoon. From South
                               (1921).>
      dpap32.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of E. tages and Pyrgus malvae:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=831 y=75
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 92, \i{}Pyrgus malvae\i0{};
                              93, \i{}Erynnis tages\i0{}.>

# \i{}Hesperia\i0{}/
      comma01.jpg <@subject Hesperia comma (Silver-spotted Skipper)>
                  <@text x=411 y=443
                               t=Hesperia comma (Silver-spotted Skipper): male
                               (left and female. From South (1921).>
      commalh.jpg <@subject Hesperia comma (Silver-spotted Skipper): egg and
                           larva>
                  <@text x=836 y=914
                               t=\i{}Hesperia comma\i0{} (Silver-spotted
                               Skipper): egg and fully grown larva. From South
                               (1921).>
      dpap31.jpg <@subject Larvae of H. comma and other Hesperiidae: Duponchel
                          (1849)>
                 <@text x=257 y=88
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 89, \i{}Thymelicus
                              sylvestris\i0{}; 90, \i{}Hesperia comma\i0{}; 91,
                              \i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{}.>

# \i{}Hylephila\i0{}/
      step0102.jpg <@subject Hylephila phileus (Fiery Skipper, adventive):
                            Stephens (1828), as Pamphilus bucephalus>
                   <@text x=29 y=895
                                t=\i{}Hylephila phileus\i0{} (Fiery Skipper,
                                adventive), a Caribbean and North American
                                species. Upperside (1) and underside of male.
                                From Stephens (1828, as \i{}Pamphila
                                bucephalus\i0{}).>

# \i{}Ochlodes\i0{}/
      ochlod01.jpg <@subject Ochlodes faunus (Large Skipper): photos>
                   <@text x=459 y=346
                                t=\i{}Ochlodes faunus\i0{} (Large Skipper).
                                Uppersides and undersides of male (figs. 1 and
                                2) and female (Fig. 3 and 4). The hooked
                                anrennal clubs are characteristic of the genus.
                                \par{}\par{}Cheddleton near Leek, Staffs., June
                                1954. From Watsons collection.>
      lskip01.jpg <@subject Ochlodes faunus (Large Skipper, male: Giles Watson,
                           photos)>
                  <@text x=541 y=940
                               t=\i{}Ochlodes faunus\i0{} (Large Skipper, male).
                               Uffington, Oxon, July 2007. Giles Watson.>
      lskip02.jpg <@subject Ochlodes faunus (Large Skipper, female), in
                           characteristic hesperiid resting pose: photo, Giles
                           Watson>
                  <@text x=593 y=90
                               t=\i{}Ochlodes faunus\i0{}: female, in
                               characteristic hesperiid resting pose. Seven
                               Barrows, near Lambourne, Berks. 20/6/08, Giles
                               Watson.>
      faunuslh.jpg <@subject Ochlodes faunus (Large Skipper): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Ochlodes faunus\i0{} (Large Skipper): egg,
                                fully grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>
      meyr369.gif <@subject Ochlodes faunus: neuration>

# \i{}Pyrgus\i0{}/
      pyrgus01.jpg <@subject Pyrgus malvae (Grizzled Skipper): photo>
                   <@text x=448 y=28
                                t=\i{}Pyrgus malvae\i0{} (Grizzled Skipper):
                                upperside (above) and underside.
                                \par{}\par{}Chilworth Manor grounds,
                                Southampton, Hants., 10th May 1968. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      malvaelh.jpg <@subject Pyrgus malvae (Grizzled Skipper): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Pyrgus malvae\i0{} (Grizzled Skipper):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap32.jpg <@subject Larvae of P. malvae and Erynnis tages: Duponchel
                          (1849)>
                 <@text x=831 y=75
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 92, \i{}Pyrgus malvae\i0{};
                              93, \i{}Erynnis tages\i0{}.>
      kir0161.jpg <@subject Carcharodus alceae, Pyrgus armoricanus: Kirby, 1907>
                  <@text x=42 y=934
                               t=Figs. 1a-c, \i{}Carcharodus alceae\i0{} (Mallow
                               Skipper). Fig. 5, \i{}Pyrgus armoricanus\i0{}
                               (Oberarthrs Grizzled Skipper). From Kirby
                               (1907).>

# \i{}Thymelicus\i0{}/
      thymel01.jpg <@subject Thymelicus acteon (Lulworth Skipper), T. lineola
                            (Essex Skipper) and T.sylvestris (Small Skipper):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=468 y=947
                                t=The British species of Thymelicus. Figs. 1-4,
                                \i{}Thymelicus lineola\i0{} (Essex Skipper):
                                upper- and undersides of female (1-2) and male
                                (3-4). Figs. 5-8, \i{}Thymelicus sylvestris\i0{}
                                (Small Skipper): upper- and undersides of male
                                (5-6) and female (7-8). Figs. 9-12,
                                \i{}Thymelicus acteon\i0{} (Lulworth Skipper):
                                upper- and undersides of male (9 and 10) and
                                female (11 and 12). Underside views of heads of
                                the same specimens, enlarged: 2a and 4a,
                                \i{}Thymelicus lineola\i0{}; 6a and 8a,
                                \i{}Thymelicus sylvestris\i0{}; 10a and 12a,
                                \i{}Thymelicus acteon\i0{}. Note the distinctive
                                black undersides of the antennal tips
                                distinguishing \i{}T. lineola\i0{} from the
                                closely similar and much commoner \i{}T.
                                sylvestris\i0{}. \par{}\par{}1-4, Peterborough,
                                Northants., 22 July 1956. 5-8, Winstone, Glos.
                                July 1952 (J. Armitage); 9-12, Swanage, Dorset,
                                July 1957. From Watsons collection.>
      thymel02.jpg <@subject Thymelicus lineola (Essex Skipper): photos>
                   <@text x=444 y=778
                                t=Figs. 1-4, \i{}Thymelicus lineola\i0{} (Essex
                                Skipper): upper- and undersides of female (1-2)
                                and male (3-4). Figs. 2a and 4a: underside views
                                of heads of the same specimens, enlarged.
                                \par{}\par{}Peterborough, Northants., 22 July
                                1956. From Watsons collection.>
      thymel03.jpg <@subject Thymelicus sylvestris (Small Skipper): photos>
                   <@text x=460 y=857
                                t=\i{}Thymelicus sylvestris\i0{} (Small
                                Skipper): upper- and undersides of male (5-6)
                                and female (7-8). Figs. 6a and 8a: underside
                                views of heads of the same specimens, enlarged.
                                \par{}\par{}Winstone, Glos. July 1952 (J.
                                Armitage). From Watsons collection.>
      dpap31.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of T. sylvestris and other
                          Hesperiidae: Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=257 y=88
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 89, \i{}Thymelicus
                              sylvestris\i0{}; 90, \i{}Hesperia comma\i0{}; 91,
                              \i{}Carterocephalus palaemon\i0{}.>
      thymel04.jpg <@subject Thymelicus acteon (Lulworth Skipper): photos>
                   <@text x=459 y=286
                                t=\i{}Thymelicus acteon\i0{} (Lulworth Skipper):
                                upper- and undersides of male (9-10) and female
                                (11-12). Figs. 10a and 12a: underside views of
                                heads of the same specimens, enlarged.
                                \par{}\par{}Swanage, Dorset, July 1957. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      thymellh.jpg <@subject Thymelicus acteon, T. lineola and T. sylvestris:
                            eggs, larvae, pupae>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Thymelicus acteon\i0{} (Lulworth Skipper),
                                \i{}T. lineola\i0{} (Essex Skipper) and \i{}T.
                                sylvestris\i0{} (Small Skipper): eggs, fully
                                grown larvae, cocoons and pupae. From South
                                (1921).>
      bent442.jpg <@subject Thymelicus acteon (Lulworth Skipper: B. Ent. 442)>
      text442.gif <@subject Thymelicus acteon (legend+text: B. Ent. 442)>
      text4421.gif <@subject Thymelicus acteon (text, cont.: B. Ent. 442)>

# \b{}\i{}Lycaenidae\i0{}\b0{}/
      newmlyc1.jpg <@subject Lycaenidae (1), Hairstreaks and Coppers: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=50 y=902
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Callophrys rubi\i0{} (Green
                                Hairstreak, upper- and under-sides); 2a-c,
                                \i{}Thecla betulae\i0{} (Brown Hairstreak: male
                                and female upper-sides, and female under-side);
                                3a-b, \i{}Neozephyrus quercus\i0{} (Purple
                                Hairstreak female, upper- and under-sides);
                                4a-b, \i{}Satyrium w-album\i0{} (White Letter
                                Hairstreak, upper- and under-sides); 4c,
                                \i{}Satyrium w-album\i0{} (White Letter
                                Hairstreak variety, under-side); 5a-b,
                                \i{}Satyrium pruni\i0{} (Black Hairstreak or
                                Dark Hairstreak, upper- and under-sides); 6,
                                \i{}Lycaena phlaeas\i0{} (Small Copper); 7a-b,
                                \i{}Lycaena dispar dispar \i0{}(English Large
                                Copper). From Newman, 1871.>
      newmlyc2.jpg <@subject Lycaenidae (2), Blues: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=465 y=941
                                t=1a-c, \i{}Lampides boeticus\i0{} (Long-tailed
                                Blue: male and female upper-sides, and
                                under-side); 2a-c, \i{}Phlebejus argus\i0{}
                                (Silver-studded Blue: male and female
                                upper-sides, and under-side); 3a-b,
                                \i{}Polyommatus icarus\i0{} (Common Blue: male
                                upper-side and normal under-side); 3c,
                                \i{}Polyommatus icarus\i0{} (Common Blue,
                                under-side variant); 4a-b, \i{}Lysandra
                                coridon\i0{} (Chalk Hill Blue, male and female);
                                5, \i{}Lysandra bellargus\i0{} (Adonis or
                                Clifden Blue, male); 6a-b, \i{}Cupido
                                minimus\i0{} (Small Blue, upper- and
                                under-sides). From Newman, 1871.>
      newmlyc3.jpg <@subject Lycaenidae (3), Blues cont.: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=471 y=882
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Maculinea arion\i0{} (Large Blue,
                                male upper-side and female under-side); 2a-b,
                                \i{}Celastrina argiolus\i0{} (Holly or Azure
                                Blue, male and female); 3a-b, \i{}Cyaniris
                                semiargus\i0{} (Mazarine Blue, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a, \i{}Aricia agestis\i0{} (Brown
                                Argus), 4b, \i{}Aricia artaxerxes
                                artaxerces\i0{} (Scotch Brown Argus, Scotch
                                White Spot); 4c-d, \i{}Aricia artaxerxes
                                salmacis\i0{} (Northern Brown Argus, with 4d
                                representing the Castle Eden Argus). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      frohawk1.jpg <@subject Maculinea arion (Large Blue) larva carried by ant
                            (Frohawk)>
                   <@text x=18 y=39
                                t=From F.W. Frohawk's classic (1924) account.>

# \i{}Aricia\i0{}/
      aricia01.jpg <@subject Aricia agestis/artaxerxes (Brown Argus/Northern
                            Brown Argus): photos>
                   <@text x=797 y=818
                                t=Figs 1-5: representatives of the \i{}Aricia
                                agestis\i0{}/\i{}A. artaxerxes\i0{} complex,
                                from one northern limestone locality. The
                                species are not satisfactorily circumscribed.
                                \par{}\par{}Figs. 1, 2, and 5, Dovedale,
                                Staffs., June 1957. Figs. 3 and 4, Dovedale, 1st
                                July 1956. From Watson's collection.>
      aricialh.jpg <@subject Aricia agestis/artaxerxes (Brown Argus/Northern
                            Brown Argus): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Aricia\i0{} sp. (Brown Argus): egg, fully
                                grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>
      newmlyc3.jpg <@subject Lycaenidae (3), Blues cont.: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=471 y=882
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Maculinea arion\i0{} (Large Blue,
                                male upper-side and female under-side); 2a-b,
                                \i{}Celastrina argiolus\i0{} (Holly or Azure
                                Blue, male and female); 3a-b, \i{}Cyaniris
                                semiargus\i0{} (Mazarine Blue, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a, \i{}Aricia agestis\i0{} (Brown
                                Argus), 4b, \i{}Aricia artaxerxes
                                artaxerces\i0{} (Scotch Brown Argus, Scotch
                                White Spot); 4c-d, \i{}Aricia artaxerxes
                                salmacis\i0{} (Northern Brown Argus, with 4d
                                representing the Castle Eden Argus). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      cole014.jpg <@subject Aricia, Lysandra, Maculinea, Plebejus, Polyommatus
                           (Blues: Coleman, 1860)>

# \i{}Cacyreus\i0{}/
      cacmar0.jpg <@subject Cacyreus marshalli (Geranium Bronze): photos>

# \i{}Callophrys\i0{}/
      callop01.jpg <@subject Callophrys rubi (Green Hairstreak): photos>
                   <@text x=886 y=32
                                t=\i{}Callophrys rubi\i0{} (Green Hairstreak):
                                above and below, uppersides and undersides of
                                male (left) and female (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Cheddleton, near Leek, Staffs.,
                                June 1948. From Watsons collection.>
      dpap052.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of Callophrys rubi: Duponchel (1849)>
      calloplh.jpg <@subject Callophrys rubi (Green Hairstreak): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=838 y=870
                                t=\i{}Callophrys rubi\i0{} (Green Hairstreak):
                                egg, fully grown larva, pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      curhub07.jpg <@subject Callophrys rubi (Green Hairstreak: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=60 y=897
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>

# \i{}Celastrina\i0{}/
      celast01.jpg <@subject Celastrina argiolus subsp. britanna (Holly Blue:
                            photos)>
                   <@text x=481 y=478
                                t=\i{}Celastrina argiolus\i0{} subsp.
                                \i{}britanna\i0{} (Holly Blue). Upper- and
                                undersides of female (left) and male (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Ferny Hill, Bradnop, near Leek,
                                Staffs., 1st June 1951. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      celarg01.jpg <@subject Celastrina argiolus (Holly Blue: Giles Watson,
                            photos)>
                   <@text x=25 y=41
                                t=\i{}Celastrina argiolus\i0{} (Holly Blue,
                                male). St. Marys, Isles of Scilly, May 2006.
                                Giles Watson.>
      argiollh.jpg <@subject Celastrina argiolus (Holly Blue): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Celastrina argiolus\i0{} (Holly Blue):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>

# \i{}Cupido\i0{}/
      cupido01.jpg <@subject Cupido minimus (Small or Little Blue: photos>
                   <@text x=398 y=12
                                t=\i{}Cupido minimus\i0{} (Small Blue, Little
                                Blue). Upper- and undersides.
                                \par{}\par{}Provenance of specimen unknown. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      dpap072.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of Cupido minimus: Duponchel (1849)>
      minimulh.jpg <@subject Cupido minimus (Small or Little Blue): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=838 y=916
                                t=\i{}Cupido minimus\i0{} (Small Blue): egg,
                                fully grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>

# \i{}Cyaniris\i0{}/
      cyanir01.jpg <@subject Cyaniris semiargus (Mazarine Blue: photos)>
                   <@text x=26 y=916
                                t=\i{}Cyaniris semiargus\i0{} (Mazarine Blue).
                                \par{}\par{}Until the mid-Nineteenth Century,
                                the Mazarine Blue was widespread in England and
                                Wales, though it was always considered local and
                                generally scarce. It gradually disappeared, and
                                seems to have been extinct as a British resident
                                since around 1900. Occasional subsequent records
                                probably represent sporadic migration from
                                mainland Europe. \par{}\par{}The specimens
                                illustrated were taken by L.W. at Bagneux,
                                Seine, in August 1957. From Watsons
                                collection.>

# \i{}Everes\i0{}/
      argiad02.jpg <@subject Everes argiades (Bloxworth or Short-tailed Blue)>
                   <@text x=432 y=750
                                t=Everes argiades (Bloxworth Blue, Short-tailed
                                Blue): male (left) and female. from South
                                (1921).>
      kirblox.jpg <@subject Everes argiades (Bloxworth or Short-tailed Blue),
                           Glaucopsyche alexis (Green-underside Blue): Kirby, 1907)>
                  <@text x=22 y=900
                               t=1a-b, \i{}Everes argiades\i0{} (Bloxworth or
                               Short-tailed Blue, female and male); 2a-d,
                               \i{}Glaucopsyche alexis\i0{} (Green-underside
                               Blue: female, male and larva). From Kirby.>

# \i{}Glaucopsyche\i0{}/
      kirblox.jpg <@subject Everes argiades, Glaucopsyche alexis (Bloxworth or
                           Short-tailed Blue, Green-underside Blue: Kirby, 1907)>
                  <@text x=22 y=900
                               t=1a-b, \i{}Everes argiades\i0{} (Bloxworth or
                               Short-tailed Blue, female and male); 2a-d,
                               \i{}Glaucopsyche alexis\i0{} (Green-underside
                               Blue: female, male and larva). From Kirby.>
      dpap071.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupa of Glaucopsyche alexis: Duponchel
                           (1849)>

# \i{}Lampides\i0{}/
      boetic01.jpg <@subject Lampides boeticus (Long-tailed Blue: photos>
                   <@text x=881 y=912
                                t=\i{}Lampides boeticus\i0{} (Long-tailed Blue).
                                \par{}\par{}A rare immigrant from mainland
                                Europe, encountered occasionally in southern
                                England. These specimens collected by Watson at
                                Bagneux, Seine, France, September 1953.>
      boeticlh.jpg <@subject Lampides boeticus (Long-tailed Blue): larva and
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Lampides boeticus\i0{} (Lng-tailed Blue):
                                fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>

# \i{}Leptotes\i0{}/
      pirith01.jpg <@subject Leptotes pirithous (Langs Short-tailed Blue)>
                   <@text x=360 y=26
                                t=\i{}Leptotes pirithous\i0{} (= \i{}Syntarucus
                                telicanus\i0{}: Lang's Short-tailed Blue). From
                                Le Cerf & Herbulot (1950).>
      hubf371.jpg <@subject Leptotes pirithous (Langs Short-tailed Blue): From
                           Hbner, 1805)>
      kir151.jpg <@subject Plebicula dorylas, Leptotes pirithous: Kirby, 1907>
                 <@text x=60 y=882
                              t=Upper right: underside of \i{}Leptotes\i0{}
                              (\i{}Syntarucus\i0{}) \i{} pirithous\i0{} (Lang's
                              short-tailed Blue). Left and lower right,
                              \i{}Plebicula dorylas\i0{}. From Kirby (1907).>

# \i{}Lycaena\i0{}/
      bent012.jpg <@subject Lycaena dispar dispar (Large Copper, long extinct
                           British sub-species): B. Ent. 12>
      bent0122.jpg <@subject Lycaena dispar dispar (dissections: B. Ent. 12)>
      text0121.gif <@subject Lycaena dispar dispar: B. Ent. 12, legend+text>
      text0122.gif <@subject Lycaena dispar dispar: B. Ent. 12, text cont.>
      curhub10.jpg <@subject Lycaena phlaeas (Small Copper: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      phlaea01.jpg <@subject Lycaena phlaeas (Small Copper) and L. virgaureae
                            (Scarce Copper): photos>
                   <@text x=471 y=932
                                t=Figs. 1-4, \i{}Lycaena phlaeas\i0{} (Small
                                Copper). 1 and 4, female; 2, male; 3, unusual
                                variety of male. Figs 5 and 6, \i{}Lycaena
                                virgaureae\i0{} (Scarce Copper, seemingly once
                                resident in southern England, last seen about
                                1850). \par{}\par{}1, 2 and 4, Cheddleton near
                                Leek, Staffs., August 1950. 3, Westwood, Leek,
                                August 1948. 5 and 6, Chatelard Valais,
                                Switzerland, August 1948 (J. Armitage). From
                                Watsons collection.>
      hub0701.jpg <@subject Lycaena hippothoe (Purple-edged Copper) and L.
                           virgaureae (Scarce Copper): From Hbner, 1805.>
                  <@text x=465 y=193
                               t=LYCAENA. 349-351, Lycaena virgaureae. 352-354,
                               Lycaena hippothoe: male (352), female (354) and
                               underside (353). From Hubner, 1805.>
      stepix1.jpg <@subject Lycaena virgaureae (Scarce Copper, long extinct in
                           Britain): Stephens, 1828)>
                  <@text x=865 y=27
                               t=\i{}Lycaena virgaureae\i0{} (Scarce Copper, a
                               mainland-European species, perhaps once resident
                               in Britain but long extinct there). 1 and 3,
                               male; 2, female. From Stephens, 1828.>
      hubf344.jpg <@subject Lycaena alciphron (Purple-shot Copper): Hbner, 1805.>                             
      hubf334.jpg <@subject Lycaena tityrus (Sooty Copper): Hbner, 1805.>
      dpap051.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of L. phlaeas and L. virgaureae:
                           Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=860 y=38
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 16, \i{}Lycaena phlaeas\i0{};
                               18, \i{}L. virgaureae\i0{}.>
      lycaenlh.jpg <@subject Lycaena dispar (Large Copper) and L. phlaeas (Small
                            Copper): eggs, larvae, pupae>
                   <@text x=34 y=32
                                t=\i{}Lycaena dispar\i0{} (Large Copper, Fig.1),
                                and \i{}Lycaena phlaeas\i0{} (Small Copper, Fig.
                                2): eggs, larvae and pupae. From South (1921).>

# \i{}Lysandra\i0{}/
      lysand01.jpg <@subject Lysandra coridon (Chalk Hill Blue) and L. bellargus
                            Adonis or Clifden Blue): photos>
                   <@text x=509 y=907
                                t=Figs. 1-4, \i{}Lysandra coridon\i0{} (Chalk
                                Hill Blue); upper- and undersides of male (1 and
                                3) and female (2 and 4). Figs. 5-8, \i{}Lysandra
                                bellargus\i0{} (Adonis Blue, Clifden Blue);
                                upper- and undersides of male (5 and 7) and
                                female (6 and 8). \par{}\par{}1-4, Aldisham,
                                July 1923 (R.A. Nichols). 5-8, Folkestone, Kent,
                                Sept. 1924 (R.A. Nichols). From Watsons
                                collection.>
      chblue01.jpg <@subject Lysandra coridon (Chalk Hill Blue: Giles Watson,
                            photos)>
                   <@text x=13 y=26
                                t=\i{}Lysandra coridon\i0{} (Chalk Hill Blue,
                                male). Seven Barrows, Lambourn, Berks., July
                                2007. Giles Watson.>
      coridolh.jpg <@subject Lysandra coridon (Chalk Hill Blue): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Lysandra coridon\i0{} (Chalk Hill Blue):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      bellarlh.jpg <@subject Lysandra bellargus (Adonis Blue): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Lysandra bellargus\i0{} (Adonis Blue):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>

# \i{}Maculinea\i0{}/
      arion01.jpg <@subject Maculinea arion ssp. eutyphron (Large Blue - endemic
                           British subspecies: photos)>
                  <@text x=462 y=603
                               t=\i{}Maculinea arion\i0{} ssp.
                               \i{}eutyphron\i0{} (Large Blue).\par{}\par{}The
                               Large Blue was described by Newman in 1871 as
                               "decidedly local", but he recorded it from ten
                               counties, ranging from South Devon north to
                               Northamtonshire. By 1927, Meyrick regarded it as
                               scarce and nearly extinct except in the SW.
                               Bradley's authoritative Check List (2000)
                               represents the indigenous British subspecies as
                               .... extinct, ..... last seen SW England in the
                               1970s. \i{}Maculinea arion\i0{} is now
                               pathetically represented in Britain (cf. the
                               Large Copper) by a population of the
                               mainland-European subspecies, \i{}M. arion
                               arion\i0{}, introduced from Sweden in the 1980s
                               and currently conserved somewhere in SW
                               England. \par{}\par{}The specimens of the
                               extinct British subspecies illustrated were
                               collected by J. Armitage, who searched
                               assiduously for it during the 1950s and
                               discovered or re-discovered several localities.
                               \par{}\par{}Fig. 1, 4th July 1953, North Devon;
                               Figs. 2-4, 15th June 1953, southern Cotswolds;
                               Figs. 5 and 6, 25th June 1950, southern
                               Cotswolds. From Watsons collection.>
      arionlh.jpg <@subject Maculinea arion (Large Blue): egg and pupa>
                  <@text x=874 y=26
                               t=\i{}Maculinea arion\i0{} (Large Blue): egg and
                               pupa. From South (1921).>
      frohawk1.jpg <@subject Maculinea arion (Large Blue) larva carried by ant
                            (Frohawk)>
                   <@text x=18 y=39
                                t=From F.W. Frohawk's classic (1924) account.>

# \i{}Neozephyrus\i0{}/
      neozep01.jpg <@subject N. quercus (Purple Hairstreak): photos>
                   <@text x=866 y=898
                                t=\i{}Neozephyrus quercus\i0{} (Purple
                                Hairstreak); female upperside (left), and male
                                upperside (right), and female underside (below).
                                \par{}\par{}Castor Hanglands, Hunts., 22 July
                                1956. From Watson's collection.>
      neozeplh.jpg <@subject N. quercus (Purple Hairstreak): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Neozephyrus quercus\i0{} (Purple
                                Hairstreak): egg, fully grown larva, and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      dpap082.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupa of N. quercus: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Plebejus\i0{}/
      pargus01.jpg <@subject Plebejus argus (Silver-studded Blue): photos>
                   <@text x=892 y=17
                                t=\i{}Plebajus argus\i0{} (Silver-studded Blue).
                                Upper- and undersides of males (Figs. 1, 2, 5
                                and 6) and females (3 and 4), exemplifying
                                variation in size and colour-patterning.
                                \par{}\par{}Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 6: Christchuch,
                                Hants., July 1957. Figs. 3 and 5, East Kent,
                                July 1925 (R.A. Nichols). From Watsons
                                collection.>
      plebajlh.jpg <@subject Plebejus argus (Silver-studded Blue): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Plebajus argus\i0{} (Silver-studded Blue):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap061.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of P. argus: Duponchel (1849)>
      cole014.jpg <@subject Aricia, Lysandra, Maculinea, Plebejus, Polyommatus
                           (Blues: Coleman, 1860)>

# \i{}Plebicula\i0{}/
      kir151.jpg <@subject Plebicula dorylas, Leptotes pirithous: Kirby, 1907>
                 <@text x=60 y=882
                              t=Upper right: underside of \i{}Leptotes\i0{}
                              (\i{}Syntaricus\i0{}) \i{} pirithous\i0{} (Lang's
                              short-tailed Blue). Left and lower right,
                              \i{}Plebicula dorylas\i0{} (Torquoise Blue). From
                              Kirby (1907).>

# \i{}Polyommatus\i0{}/
      icarus01.jpg <@subject Polyomatus icarus (Common Blue): photos>
                   <@text x=867 y=928
                                t=\i{}Polyommatus icarus\i0{} (Common Blue).
                                Figs. 1 and 4, upper- and undersides of male.
                                Figs. 2 and 3, female upperside variants; Fig.
                                5, underside of female. \par{}\par{}Leek,
                                Staffs., May 1953. From Watsons collection.>
      icaruslh.jpg <@subject Polyomatus icarus (Common Blue): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Polyommatus icarus\i0{} (Common Blue):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      curhub15.jpg <@subject Polyommatus icarus (Common Blue: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>

# \i{}Satyrium\i0{}/
      bent264.jpg <@subject Satyrium pruni (Black Hair-streak: B. Ent. 264)>
      text2641.gif <@subject Satyrium pruni (B. Ent. 264, legend+text)>
                   <@text x=23 y=10
                                t=Here, the 'Black Hairstreak' is presented as a
                                British insect for the first time. Curtis gives
                                the locality as Yorkshire instead of
                                Huntingdonshire (see the next page), having been
                                misled by the efforts of Seaman, a dealer who
                                wanted to keep the locality to himself. The full
                                story is detailed by E.B. Ford in his
                                \i{}Butterflies\i0{} (1948).>
      text2642.gif <@subject Satyrium pruni (B. Ent. 264, text cont.)>
      walbum01.jpg <@subject Satyrium w-album (White-letter Hairstreak): photos>
                   <@text x=677 y=707
                                t=\i{}Satyrium w-album\i0{} (White-letter
                                Hairstreak). Uppersides of males (above), female
                                underside (below). \par{}\par{}Barkly Halt near
                                Leicester, 7th July 1941 (D. Tozer). From
                                Watson's collection.>
      satyrilh.jpg <@subject Satyrium pruni (Black Hair-streak) and S. w-album
                            (White-letter Hairstreak): eggs, larvae, pupae>
                   <@text x=37 y=909
                                t=\i{}Satyrium pruni\i0{} (Black Hairstreak,
                                Fig. 1), and \i{}Satyrium w-album\i0{}
                                (White-letter Hairstreak, Fig. 2): eggs, larvae
                                and pupae). From South (1921).>
      dpap073.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of S. pruni: Duponchel (1849)>
      dpap081.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupa of S. w-album: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Thecla\i0{}/
      betula01.jpg <@subject Thecla betulae (Brown Hairstreak)>
                   <@text x=390 y=460
                                t=\i{}Thecla betulae\i0{} (Brown Hairstreak):
                                male (above) and female. From Le Cerf & Herbulot
                                (1950).>
      betulalh.jpg <@subject Thecla betulae (Brown Hairstreak): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Thecla betulae\i0{} (Brown Hairstreak):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap074.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of T. betulae: Duponchel (1849)>

# \b{}\i{}Nymphalidae\i0{}\b0{}/
      newmnym1.jpg <@subject Apatura iris and Lodoga camilla: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=445 y=950
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Apatura iris\i0{} (Purple Emperor,
                                male upper-side and female under-side); 2a-b,
                                \i{}Limenitis camilla\i0{} (White Admiral,
                                normal upper- and under-sides); 2c-d,
                                \i{}Limenitis camilla\i0{} (varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      newmnym2.jpg <@subject Vanessa atalanta, Cynthia cardui, C. virginiensis
                            and Aglais urticae: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=843 y=864
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Vanessa atalanta\i0{} (Red Admiral,
                                upper- and under-sides); 2a, \i{}Cynthia
                                cardui\i0{} (Painted Lady, normal form); 2b,
                                \i{}Cynthia cardui\i0{} (variety); 3,
                                \i{}Cynthia virginiensis\i0{} (American Painted
                                Lady); 4a-b, \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{} (Small
                                Tortoise-shell, normal form of female and male);
                                4c-d, \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{} (varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      newmnym3.jpg <@subject Nymphalis polychloros, N. antiopa, Inachis io and
                            Polygonia c-album: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=270 y=901
                                t=1, \i{}Nymphalis polychloros\i0{} (Large
                                Tortoise-shell); 2, \i{}Inachis io\i0{}
                                (Peacock); 3, \i{}Nymphalis antiopa\i0{}
                                (Camberwell Beauty); 4a-b, \i{}Polygonia
                                c-album\i0{} (Comma, upper- and under-sides).
                                From Newman, 1871.>
      newmfri1.jpg <@subject The larger Fritillaries (1): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=5 y=908
                                t=1a-c, \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} (Silver-washed
                                Fritillary male, female and female under-side);
                                1d, Argynnis paphia var. valezina; 1e,
                                \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} var.; 2a-b, \i{}Issoria
                                lathonia\i0{} (Queen of Spain Fritillary, female
                                upper- and under-sides). From Newman, 1871.>
      newmfri2.jpg <@subject The larger Fritillaries (2): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=456 y=950
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{} (Dark Green
                                Fritillary, female upper-side and male
                                under-side); 1c, \i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{}
                                (under-side of female, var. \i{}charlotta\i0{});
                                2a-c, \i{}Argynnis adippe\i0{} (High Brown
                                Fritillary, male, female and under-side of
                                male); 3a-b, \i{}Argynnis niobe\i0{} (Niobe
                                female, upper and under-sides). From Newman,
                                1871.>
      kirby06.jpg <@subject The larger European Fritillaries: Kirby, 1907>
                  <@text x=366 y=15
                               t=Fig. 1a and 1b: \i{}Boloria pales\i0{}
                               (Mountain Fritillary), upperside (1a), underside
                               (1b). Fig 1c, \i{}Boloria napaea\i0{}. Fig. 2,
                               \i{}Boloria dia\i0{} (Weaver's Fritillary). Fig.
                               3, \i{}Boloria amathusia\i0{}. Fig. 4,
                               \i{}Argynnis daphne\i0{}. Fig. 5, \i{}Argynnis
                               ino\i0{}: upperside (5a), underside (5b). Fig. 6,
                               \i{}Argynnis lathonia\i0{} (Queen-of-Spain
                               Fritillary). Fig. 7, \i{}Argynnis aglaia\i0{}
                               (Dark Green Fritillary): larva (7a), pupa (7b),
                               upperside (7c), underside (7d). Fig. 8,
                               \i{}Argynnis niobe\i0{}: larva (8a); female
                               upperside (8b), male underside (8c). Fig. 9,
                               \i{}Argynnis adippe\i0{} (High Brown Fritillary):
                               upperside (9a), underside (9b). Fig. 10,
                               \i{}Argynnis laodice\i0{} (Russian Fritillary).
                               Fig. 11, \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} (Silver-washed
                               Fritillary): larva (11a), pupa (11b), male
                               upperside (11c). Fig. 12, \i{}Argynnis
                               pandora\i0{} (Mediterranean
                               Fritillary).\par{}\par{}From Kirby (1907).>
      newmfri3.jpg <@subject The smaller Fritillaries: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=288 y=953
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Boloria selene\i0{} (Small
                                Pearl-bordered Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 2a-b, \i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{}
                                (Pearl-bordered Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 3a-b, \i{}Euphydryas aurinia\i0{}
                                (Greasy or Marsh Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a, \i{}Melitaea cinxia\i0{}
                                (Glanville Fritillary, var.); 4b-d, \i{}Melitaea
                                cinxia\i0{} (under-sides, varieties); 5a-b,
                                \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (Heath Fritillary,
                                normal upper- and under-sides); 5c-e,
                                \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{}, varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      kirby07.jpg <@subject Smaller European Fritillaries (Kirby, 1907)>
                  <@text x=911 y=8
                               t=Smaller European Fritillaries. Fig. 1,
                               \i{}Melitaea\i0{} (\i{}Euphydryas\i0{})
                               \i{}cynthia\i0{} (Alpine Fritillary): male (1a),
                               female (1b). Fig. 2, \i{}Melitaea\i0{}
                               (\i{}Euphydryas\i0{}) \i{}maturna\i0{}: upperside
                               (2a), underside (2b). Fig. 3, \i{}Euphydryas
                               aurinia\i0{} (Marsh or Greasy Fritillary): larva
                               (3a), pupa (3b), imago (3c). Fig. 4, \i{}Melitaea
                               cinxia\i0{} (Glanville Fritillary): upperside
                               (4a), underside (4b). Fig. 5, \i{}Melitaea
                               phoebe\i0{} (Knapweed Fritillary). Fig. 6,
                               \i{}Melitaea trivia\i0{} (Lesser Spotted
                               Fritillary). Fig. 7, \i{}Melitaea didyma\i0{}
                               (Spotted Fritillary): larva (7a), pupa (7b), male
                               (7c), female (7d), underside (7e). Fig. 8,
                               \i{}Melitaea dictynna\i0{}: upperside (8a),
                               underside (8b). Fig. 9, \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{}
                               (Pearl-bordered Likeness Fritillary, Heath
                               Fritillary): larva (9a), pupa (9b), upperside
                               (9c), underside (9d). Fig. 10, \i{}Melitaea
                               parthenie\i0{}. Fig. 11, \i{}Melitaea
                               asteria\i0{} (Small Alpine Fritillary). Fig. 12,
                               \i{}Boloria aphirape\i0{} (Bog Fritillary): male
                               (12a), female (12b), underside (12c). Fig. 13,
                               \i{}Boloria selene\i0{} (Small Pearl-bordered
                               Fritillary): upperside (13a), underside (13b).
                               Fif. 14, \i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{}
                               (Pearl-bordered Fritillary): upperside (14a),
                               underside (14b). \par{}\par{}From Kirby (1907).>
      cole010.jpg <@subject Fritillaries: Argynnis, Euphrosyne (Coleman, 1860)>
      cole011.jpg <@subject Fritillaries: Argynnis, Boloria, Melitaea, Mellicta,
                           Euphydryas (Coleman, 1860)>
      meyr340.gif <@subject Argynnis: neuration>

# \i{}Aglais\i0{}/
      aglais01.jpg <@subject Aglais urticae (Small Tortoise-shell): photos>
                   <@text x=473 y=373
                                t=\i{}Aglais urticae\i0{} (Small
                                Tortoise-shell): uppersides and (below)
                                undersides of male (left) and female.
                                \par{}\par{}Cheddleton near Leek, Staffs.,
                                larvae on nettles; emerged August 1953. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      urticalh.jpg <@subject Aglais urticae (Small Tortoise-shell): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=907
                                t=\i{}Aglais urticae\i0{} (Small
                                Tortoise-shell): eggs, fully grown larva and
                                pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap10.jpg <@subject Larvae of A. urticae, Inachis io, Nymphalis antiopa:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=123 y=116
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 35, \i{}Nymphalis
                              antiopa\i0{}; 36, \i{}Inachis io\i0{}; 37,
                              \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{}.>
      curhub17.jpg <@subject Aglais urticae (Small Tortoise-shell:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      newmnym2.jpg <@subject Vanessa atalanta, Cynthia cardui, C. virginiensis
                            and Aglais urticae: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=843 y=864
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Vanessa atalanta\i0{} (Red Admiral,
                                upper- and under-sides); 2a, \i{}Cynthia
                                cardui\i0{} (Painted Lady, normal form); 2b,
                                \i{}Cynthia cardui\i0{} (variety); 3,
                                \i{}Cynthia virginiensis\i0{} (American Painted
                                Lady); 4a-b, \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{} (Small
                                Tortoise-shell, normal form of female and male);
                                4c-d, \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{} (varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Apatura\i0{}/
      apatur01.jpg <@subject Apatura iris (Purple Emperor): photos>
                   <@text x=449 y=944
                                t=\i{}Apatura iris\i0{} (Purple Emperor):
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of male (left)
                                and female (right). \par{}\par{}Provenance of
                                specimens unknown (probably mainland-European).
                                From Watsons collection.>
      bent338.jpg <@subject Apatura iris (Purple Emperor: B. Ent. 338)>
      text338.gif <@subject Apatura iris (legend+text: B. Ent. 338)>
      text3381.gif <@subject Apatura iris (text, cont.: B. Ent. 338)>
      irislh.jpg <@subject Apatura iris (Purple Emperor): egg, larva, pupa>
                 <@text x=22 y=23
                              t=\i{}Apatura iris\i0{} (Purple Emperor): eggs,
                              fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap251.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of A. iris: Duponchel (1849)>
      newmnym1.jpg <@subject Apatura iris and Lodoga camilla: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=445 y=950
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Apatura iris\i0{} (Purple Emperor,
                                male upper-side and female under-side); 2a-b,
                                \i{}Limenitis camilla\i0{} (White Admiral,
                                normal upper- and under-sides); 2c-d,
                                \i{}Limenitis camilla\i0{} (varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Araschnia\i0{}/
      levana03.jpg <@subject Araschnia levana (Map Butterfly): Spring and Summer
                            forms>
                   <@text x=813 y=892
                                t=\i{}Araschnia levana\i0{} (Map Butterfly),
                                depicting seasonal forms. Figs. 1-3, first (May)
                                brood: upper- and undersides of female (1-2) and
                                male (3). Figs. 4 and 5, second (July) brood,
                                male (4) and female (5). \par{}\par{}1, 2 and 5
                                from Ford, 3 and 4 from Le Cerf & Herbulot.>
      hubner11.jpg <@subject Araschnia levana (Spring and Summer): Hbner>
                   <Araschnia levana (Map Butterfly): Hbner>
                   <@text x=885 y=26
                                t=\i{}Arascnia levana\i0{} (Map Butterfly). Figs
                                1-3, Summer form: male (1), female (2),
                                underside (3). Figs. 4 and 5, Spring form: male
                                (4) and female (5). From Hbner.>
      kir095.jpg <@subject Araschnia levana (Map Butterfly, Spring and Summer):
                          Kirby, 1907)>
                 <@text x=25 y=946
                              t=\i{}Araschnia levana\i0{} (Map Butterfly).
                              Spring (first brood), 5d and 5e; Summer (second)
                              brood, 5c. \par{}\par{}From Kirby (1907).>
      dpap131.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of Araschnia levana (first and
                           second broods): Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=837 y=96
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 43, \i{}\i{}Araschnia
                               levana\i0{}\i0{} ("\i{}A. prorsa\i0{}"), second
                               brood. 44, \i{}A. levana\i0{}, first brood>

# \i{}Argynnis\i0{}/
      paphia01.jpg <@subject Argynnis paphia (Silver-washed Fritillary): photos>
                   <@text x=723 y=52
                                t=\i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} (Silver-washed
                                Fritillary): uppersides and (below) the
                                corresponding undersides of a male (left) and a
                                female (right). \par{}\par{}Male: Castor
                                Hanglands near Peterborough, 23 July 1956.
                                Female: Woodwalton Fen near Peterborough, 26
                                July 1956. From Watsons collection.>
      swfrit01.jpg <@subject Argynnis paphia (Silver-washed Fritillary): Giles
                            Watson, photos>
                   <@text x=459 y=100
                                t=\i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} (Silver-washed
                                Fritillary). Uffington, Oxon, July 2007. Giles
                                Watson.>
      paphialh.jpg <@subject Argynnis paphia (Silver-washed Fritillary): egg,
                            larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=854 y=31
                                t=\i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} (Silver-washed
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      nod756.jpg <@subject Argynnis paphia (Silver-washed Fritillary: Shaw &
                          Nodder)>
      aglaia01.jpg <@subject Argynnis aglaja (Dark Green Fritillary): photos>
                   <@text x=443 y=367
                                t=\i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{} (Dark Green
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and corresponding
                                undersides of a male (left) and of a female
                                (right). \par{}\par{}Cheddleton near Leek,
                                Staffs., July 1950. From Watsons collection.>
      aglaialh.jpg <@subject Argynnis aglaja (Dark Green Fritillary): egg,
                            larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=882 y=919
                                t=\i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{} (Dark Green
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      bent290.jpg <@subject Argynnis aglaia (var., Dark Green Fritillary: B.
                           Ent. 290)>
      text2901.gif <@subject Argynnis aglaia (var.): B. Ent. 290, legend+text>
      text2902.gif <@subject Argynnis aglaia (var.): B. Ent. 290, text cont.>
      adippe01.jpg <@subject Argynnis adippe (High Brown Fritillary): photos>
                   <@text x=814 y=932
                                t=\i{}Argynnis adippe\i0{} (High Brown
                                Fritillary). Above, upperside (left) and
                                underside of a male; below, underside of a
                                female. \par{}\par{}Male from the New Forest,
                                Hants., 8th July 1957; female from Sheringham,
                                Norfolk, July 1905 (R.A. Nichols). From Watsons
                                collection.>
      adippelh.jpg <@subject Argynnis adippe (High Brown Fritillary): egg,
                            larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=26 y=16
                                t=\i{}Argynnis adippe\i0{} (High Brown
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      hubf61.jpg <@subject Argynnis niobe (Niobe Fritillary): From Hbner,
                          1805.>
      hub0141.jpg <@subject Argynnis pandora (Mediterranean Fritillary), with A.
                           paphia: From Hbner, 1805.>
      kir068.jpg <@subject Argynnis niobe, Argynnis pandora: Kirby, 1907>
                 <@text x=38 y=34
                              t=8, Argynnis niobe (Niobe Fritillary). 12,
                              Argynnis pandora (Mediterranean Fritillary). From
                              Kirby (1907).>
      newmfri1.jpg <@subject The larger Fritillaries (1): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=5 y=908
                                t=1a-c, \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} (Silver-washed
                                Fritillary male, female and female under-side);
                                1d, \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{} var.
                                \i{}valezina\i0{}; 1e, \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{}
                                var.; 2a-b, \i{}Issoria lathonia\i0{} (Queen of
                                Spain Fritillary, female upper- and
                                under-sides). From Newman, 1871.>
      newmfri2.jpg <@subject The larger Fritillaries (2): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=456 y=950
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{} (Dark Green
                                Fritillary, female upper-side and male
                                under-side); 1c, \i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{}
                                (under-side of female, var. \i{}charlotta\i0{});
                                2a-c, \i{}Argynnis adippe\i0{} (High Brown
                                Fritillary, male, female and under-side of
                                male); 3a-b, \i{}Argynnis niobe\i0{} (Niobe
                                female, upper and under-sides). From Newman,
                                1871.>
      dpap141.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of A. aglaja and A. paphia:
                           Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=109 y=919
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 45, \i{}Argynnis paphia\i0{};
                               46, \i{}Argynnis aglaja\i0{}.>
      dpap15.jpg <@subject Larvae of A. adippe and A. niobe: Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=486 y=98
                              t=Larvae and pupa. 47, \i{}Argynnis adippe\i0{}
                              (with pupa); 48, \i{}A. niobe\i0{}.>
      meyr340.gif <@subject Argynnis: neuration>

# \i{}Boloria\i0{}/
      euphro01.jpg <@subject Boloria euphrosyne (Pearl-bordered Fritillary):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=460 y=924
                                t=\i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{} (Pearl-bordered
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and undersides
                                of a female (left) and of a male. The underside
                                pearly markings take on a silvery aspect in
                                oblique views. \par{}\par{}Left: Westwood, Leek,
                                Staffs, June 1953. Right, Folkestone, Kent, June
                                1915 (R.A. Nichols). From Watsons collection.>
      euphrolh.jpg <@subject Boloria euphrosyne (Pearl-bordered Fritillary):
                            egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=864 y=31
                                t=\i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{} (Pearl-bordered
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      bent386.jpg <@subject Boloria selene (Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary: B.
                           Ent. 386)>
      text3861.gif <@subject Boloria selene: B. Ent. 386, legend+text>
      text3862.gif <@subject Boloria selene: B. Ent. 386, text cont.>
      selenelh.jpg <@subject Boloria selene (Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary):
                            egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=854 y=26
                                t=\i{}Boloria selene\i0{} (Small Pearl-bordered
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      dpap17.jpg <@subject Larvae of B. dia, B. euphrosyne, B. selene: Duponchel
                          (1849)>
                 <@text x=98 y=73
                              t=Larvae of \i{}Boloria\i0{} species. 51, \i{}B.
                              euphrosyne\i0{}; 52, \i{}B. selene\i0{}; 53,
                              \i{}B. dia\i0{}.>
      hubf31.jpg <@subject Boloria dia (Weavers Fritillary): From Hbner,
                          1805.>
      mor050.jpg <@subject Boloria dia (Weaver's Fritillary: Morris, 1893)>
      kir077.jpg <@subject Boloria dia (Weaver's Fritillary), Melitaea didyma:
                          Kirby, 1907>
                 <@text x=55 y=32
                              t=2, \i{}Boloria dia\i0{} (Weaver's Fritillary).
                              7, \i{}Melitaea didyma\i0{} (Spotted Fritillary):
                              male (c) and female (d). 8b, \i{}Melitaea
                              dictynna\i0{} (underside). From Kirby (1907).>
      stephiv1.jpg <@subject Boloria euphrosyne (Pearl-bordered Fritillary),
                            with Melitaea athalia (Heath Fritillary): Stephens
                            (1828)>
                   <@text x=885 y=19
                                t=Varieties of \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (1 and
                                2, upper- and undersides of male), and of
                                \i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{} (3). From Stephens
                                (1828, as \i{}Melitaea\i0{}).>
      newmfri3.jpg <@subject The smaller Fritillaries: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=288 y=953
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Boloria selene\i0{} (Small
                                Pearl-bordered Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 2a-b, \i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{}
                                (Pearl-bordered Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 3a-b, \i{}Euphydryas aurinia\i0{}
                                (Greasy or Marsh Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a, \i{}Melitaea cinxia\i0{}
                                (Glanville Fritillary, var.); 4b-d, \i{}Melitaea
                                cinxia\i0{} (under-sides, varieties); 5a-b,
                                \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (Heath Fritillary,
                                normal upper- and under-sides); 5c-e,
                                \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{}, varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Cynthia\i0{}/
      vaness02.jpg <@subject Cynthia (Vanessa) cardui (Painted Lady): photos>
                   <@text x=467 y=754
                                t=\i{}Cynthia\i0{} (\i{}Vanessa\i0{})
                                \i{}cardui\i0{} (Painted Lady): uppersides
                                (above) and undersides of a male (left) and of a
                                female. \par{}\par{}Leek, Staffs., larvae
                                collected from thistles, July 1949. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      carduilh.jpg <@subject Cynthia (Vanessa) cardui (Painted Lady): egg,
                            larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=786 y=917
                                t=\i{}Cynthia cardui\i0{} (Painted Lady): fully
                                grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap12.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of C. cardui and Vanessa atalanta:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=140 y=679
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 41, \i{}Vanessa atalanta\i0{};
                              42, \i{}Cynthia cardui\i0{}.>
      vaness03.jpg <@subject Comparing Cynthia cardui (Painted Lady) and C.
                            kershawi (Australasian Painted Lady): photos>
                   <@text x=466 y=848
                                t=Figs. 1 and 1a, \i{}C. kershawi\i0{}
                                (Australasian Painted Lady); Figs. 2 and 2a,
                                \i{}Cynthia cardui\i0{} (Painted Lady). Note the
                                broader forewings and more rounded hindwings of
                                the Australasian (sub-)species, and the blue
                                circles within the subterminal spots of its
                                hindwings. \par{}\par{}1, Mount Franklin,
                                A.C.T., Australia, November 1970. 2, Leek,
                                Staffs., larvae collected from thistles, July
                                1949. From Watsons collection.>
      curhub05.jpg <@subject Cynthia (Vanessa) cardui (Painted Lady:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=43 y=25
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      nod1050.jpg <@subject Cynthea (Vanessa) virginiensis (American Painted
                           Lady: Shaw & Nodder)>

# \i{}Euphydryas\i0{}/
      aurini01.jpg <@subject Euphydryas aurinia (Marsh Fritillary): photos>
                   <@text x=471 y=719
                                t=\i{}Euphydryas aurinia\i0{} (Marsh
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and undersides
                                of a male (left) and of a female (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Devon larvae, emerged June 1950 (J.
                                Armitage). From Watsons collection.>
      aurinilh.jpg <@subject Euphydryas aurinia (Marsh Fritillary): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=860 y=18
                                t=\i{}Euphydryas aurinia\i0{} (Marsh
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      newmfri3.jpg <@subject The smaller Fritillaries: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=288 y=953
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Boloria selene\i0{} (Small
                                Pearl-bordered Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 2a-b, \i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{}
                                (Pearl-bordered Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 3a-b, \i{}Euphydryas aurinia\i0{}
                                (Greasy or Marsh Fritillary, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a, \i{}Melitaea cinxia\i0{}
                                (Glanville Fritillary, var.); 4b-d, \i{}Melitaea
                                cinxia\i0{} (under-sides, varieties); 5a-b,
                                \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (Heath Fritillary,
                                normal upper- and under-sides); 5c-e,
                                \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{}, varieties). From
                                Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Inachis\i0{}/
      inachi01.jpg <@subject Inachis io (Peacock): photos>
                   <@text x=464 y=348
                                t=\i{}Inachis io\i0{} (Peacock): uppersides
                                (above) and undersides of female (left) and
                                male. \par{}\par{}Cheddleton near Leek, Staffs.,
                                August 1950 (from larvae on nettles). From
                                Watson's collection.>
      peacock1.jpg <@subject Inachis io (Peacock: Giles Watson, photos)>
                   <@text x=531 y=843
                                t=\i{}Inachis io\i0{} (Peacock). Uffington,
                                Oxon, July 2007. Giles Watson.>
      inachilh.jpg <@subject Inachis io (Peacock): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=834 y=921
                                t=\i{}Inachis io\i0{} (Peacock): egg, fully
                                grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap10.jpg <@subject Larvae of A. urticae, Inachis io, Nymphalis antiopa:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=123 y=116
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 35, \i{}Nymphalis
                              antiopa\i0{}; 36, \i{}Inachis io\i0{}; 37,
                              \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{}.>
      curhub01.jpg <@subject Inachis (Vanessa) io (Peacock: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis, larva from Coleman.>

# \i{}Issoria\i0{}/
      lathon01.jpg <@subject Issoria lathonia (Queen of Spain Fritillary):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=483 y=384
                                t=\i{}Issoria lathonia\i0{} (Queen of Spain
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and undersides
                                of female (left) and males. \par{}\par{}Bagneux,
                                Seine (France), September 1953. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      dpap161.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of I. lathonia: Duponchel (1849)>
      lathonlh.jpg <@subject Issoria lathonia (Queen of Spain Fritillary): larva
                            and pupa>
                   <@text x=824 y=901
                                t=\i{}Issoria lathonia\i0{} (Queen of Spain
                                Fritillary): fully grown larva and pupa. From
                                South (1921).>
      mor054.jpg <@subject Issoria aphrodite (Venus Fritillary, Aphrodite
                          Fritillary: Morris, 1893)>

# \i{}Junonia\i0{}/
      villid02.jpg <@subject Junonia (Precis) villida (Albins Hampstead Eye?):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=485 y=460
                                t=Figs. 1-3, Australian specimens of
                                \i{}Junonia\i0{} (= \i{}Precis\i0{})
                                \i{}villida\i0{}; uppersides of female (1) and
                                male (2), and underside of male (3). Fig. 4, the
                                \i{}Papilio oculatus Hampstediensis ex aureo
                                fuscus\i0{} of Petiver, as depicted by F.O.
                                Morris in the mid-19th Century.
                                \par{}\par{}Petivers \i{}Papilionum
                                Britanniae\i0{} of 1717 included the
                                strange-looking butterfly depicted in Fig. 4 as
                                "Albin's Hampstead-Eye, where it was caught by
                                this curious person, and is the only one I have
                                yet seen". It has sometimes been interpreted as
                                a variety of the Speckled Wood (q.v.), but
                                compares better with the South-Pacific
                                \i{}Junonia villida\i0{}. Striking common
                                features additional to the general
                                colour-patterning are the paired eye-spots on
                                both fore- and hindwings, and the
                                characteristically nymphalid concave forewing
                                termen. In any event, although Albins
                                Hampstead-Eye has never been seen in Britain
                                again, it remains to this day a ridiculous
                                inclusion in British checklists. \par{}\par{}1:
                                Narooma, New South Wales, March 1978. 2 and 3,
                                Mount Stromlo, A.C.T., November 1977. From
                                Watson's collection.>

# \i{}Limenitis\i0{}/
      limeni01.jpg <@subject Limenitis camilla (White Admiral): photos>
                   <@text x=436 y=480
                                t=\i{}Limenitis camill\i0{}a (White Admiral):
                                upperside (above) and underside.
                                \par{}\par{}Castor Hanglands, Peterborough, 23
                                July 1956. From Watsons collection.>
      bent124.jpg <@subject Limenitis camilla (White Admiral: B. Ent. 124)>
      text1241.gif <@subject Limenitis camilla: B. Ent. 124, legend+text>
      text1242.gif <@subject Limenitis camilla: B. Ent. 124, text cont.>
      limenilh.jpg <@subject Limenitis camilla (White Admiral): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=869 y=25
                                t=\i{}Limenitis camilla\i0{} (White Admiral):
                                young and fully grown larvae, and pupa. From
                                South (1921).>
      dpap231.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of L. camilla: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Melitaea\i0{}/
      cinxia01.jpg <@subject Melitaea cinxia (Glanville Fritillary, Isle of
                            Wight Fritillary): photos>
                   <@text x=495 y=925
                                t=\i{}Melitaea cinxia\i0{} (Glanville
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and undersides
                                of a male (?- left) and of a female (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Left: Isle of Wight, June 1922 (R.A
                                Nichols); right, Isle of Wight, 1 July 1950 (J.
                                Armitage). From Watsons collection.>
      cinxialh.jpg <@subject Melitaea cinxia (Glanville Fritillary, Isle of
                            Wight Fritillary): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=865 y=25
                                t=\i{}Melitaea cinxia\i0{} (Glanville
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      stephiv1.jpg <@subject Melitaea athalia (Heath Fritillary), with
                            (Pearl-bordered Fritillary): Stephens (1828)>
                   <@text x=25 y=16
                                t=Varieties of \i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (1 and
                                2, upper- and undersides of male), and of
                                \i{}Boloria euphrosyne\i0{} (3, underside of
                                female). From Stephens, 1828 (as \i{}Melitaea
                                pyronia\i0{} and \i{}M. euphrosyne\i0{}).>
      south681.jpg <@subject Melitaea athalia (Heath Fritillary: South)>
                   <@text x=38 y=32
                                t=\i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (Heath Fritillary).
                                Figs. 1-3, males; figs 4-6, females. From South
                                (1921).>
      athalilh.jpg <@subject Melitaea athalia (Heath Fritillary): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=887 y=919
                                t=\i{}Melitaea athalia\i0{} (Heath Fritillary):
                                egg, fully grown larva and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      kir077.jpg <@subject Boloria dia (Weaver's Fritillary), Melitaea didyma:
                          Kirby, 1907>
                 <@text x=55 y=32
                              t=2, \i{}Boloria dia\i0{} (Weaver's Fritillary).
                              7, \i{}Melitaea didyma\i0{} (Spoted Fritillary):
                              male (c) and female (d). 8b, \i{}Melitaea
                              dictynna\i0{}. From Kirby (1907).>
      dpap21.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of M. athalia, M. aurinia, M.
                          cinxia: Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=883 y=63
                              t=Larvae and pupae of \i{}Melitaea\i0{} species.
                              60, \i{}M. cinxia\i0{}; 61, \i{}M. athalia\i0{};
                              62, \i{}M. aurinia aurinia\i0{}.>

# \i{}Nymphalis\i0{}/
      nympan01.jpg <@subject Nymphalis antiopa (Camberwell Beauty): photos>
                   <@text x=463 y=353
                                t=\i{}Nymphalis antiopa\i0{} (Camberwell
                                Beauty): uppersides (above) and undersides.
                                \par{}\par{}Specimens probably from Scandinavia
                                (details unknown). From Watsons collection.>
      bent096.jpg <@subject Nymphalis antiopa (Camberwell Beauty: B. Ent. 96)>
      text0961.gif <@subject Nymphalis antiopa: B. Ent. 96, legend+text>
      text0962.gif <@subject Nymphalis antiopa: B. Ent. 96, text cont.>
      antioplh.jpg <@subject Nymphalis antiopa (Camberwell Beauty): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=856 y=28
                                t=\i{}Nymphalis antiopa\i0{} (Camberwell
                                Beauty): egg, fully grown larva and pupa. From
                                South (1921).>
      dpap10.jpg <@subject Larvae of A. urticae, Inachis io, Nymphalis antiopa:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=123 y=116
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 35, \i{}Nymphalis
                              antiopa\i0{}; 36, \i{}Inachis io\i0{}; 37,
                              \i{}Aglais urticae\i0{}.>
      nympo01.jpg <@subject Nymphalis polychloros (Large Tortoise-shell):
                           photos>
                  <@text x=480 y=335
                               t=\i{}Nymphalis polychloros\i0{} (Large
                               Tortoise-shell): uppersides (above) and
                               undersides of female (left) and male.
                               \par{}\par{}Specimens of unknown (probably
                               mainland-European) origin. From Watsons
                               collection.>
      polychlh.jpg <@subject Nymphalis polychloros (Large Tortoise-shell): egg,
                            larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=834 y=913
                                t=\i{}Nymphalis polychloros\i0{} (Large
                                Tortoise-shell): egg, fully grown larva and
                                pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap111.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of N. polychloros and Polygonia
                           c-album: Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=872 y=39
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 38, \i{}Nymphalis
                               polychloros\i0{}; 39, \i{}Polygonia
                               c-album\i0{}.>
      curhub18.jpg <@subject Nymphalis polychloros (Large Tortoise-shell:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=65 y=49
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis, pupa from Coleman.>
      hubf85.jpg <@subject Nymphalis xanthomelas (Scarce Tortoiseshell): From
                          Hbner, 1805.>
      kir082.jpg <@subject Nymphalis xanthomelas (Scarce Tortoiseshell): Kirby, 1907>

# \i{}Polygonia\i0{}/
      polygo01.jpg <@subject Polygonia c-album (Comma: colour variants): photos>
                   <@text x=456 y=541
                                t=\i{}Polygonia c-album\i0{} (Comma): uppersides
                                and the corresponding undersides of dark and
                                light colour variants. 1 and 1a, larva from
                                Monk's Wood, Hunts., July 1956. 2 and 2a,
                                Bagneux, Seine (France), September 1954. 3 and
                                3a, Endon near Leek, Staffs. From Watson's
                                collection.>
      gwcomma1.jpg <@subject Polygonia c-album (Comma), imbibing from fox dung
                            (2): photo, Giles Watson>
                   <@text x=915 y=30
                                t=\i{}Polygonia c-album\i0{} (Comma), imbibing
                                from fox dung. Nightingale Woods, South Marsdon,
                                Wiltshire, July 2008. Giles Watson.
                                \par{}\par{}The adjoining image shows another
                                butterfly on a different deposit.>
      gwcomma2.jpg <@subject \i{}Polygonia c-album\i0{} (Comma), imbibing from
                            fox dung (1): photo, Giles Watson>
                   <@text x=65 y=923
                                t=\i{}Polygonia c-album\i0{} (Comma), imbibing
                                from fox dung. Nightingale Woods, South Marsdon,
                                Wiltshire, July 2008. Giles Watson.
                                \par{}\par{}The adjoining image shows another
                                butterfly on a different deposit.>
      gwcomma3.jpg <@subject Polygonia c-album (Comma), imbibing from rotting
                            plums: photo, Giles Wason>
                   <@text x=27 y=28
                                t=\i{}Polygonia c-album\i0{} (Comma), imbibing
                                from rotting plums. Uffington, Oxfordshire, July
                                2008. Giles Watson.>
      calbumlh.jpg <@subject Polygonia c-album (Comma): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=852 y=923
                                t=\i{}Polygonia c-album\i0{} (Comma): egg, fully
                                grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap111.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of P. c-album and Nymphalis
                           polychloros: Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=872 y=39
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 38, \i{}Nymphalis
                               polychloros\i0{}; 39, \i{}Polygonia
                               c-album\i0{}.>
      curhub13.jpg <@subject Polygonia c-album (Comma: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=860 y=31
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>

# \i{}Vanessa\i0{}/
      vaness01.jpg <@subject Vanessa atalanta (Red Admiral): photos>
                   <@text x=472 y=835
                                t=Vanessa atalanta (Red Admiral): uppersides
                                (above) and undersides of male (left) and
                                female. Cheddleton near Leek, Staffs., August
                                1949 (larvae on nettles). From Watson's
                                collection.>
      admiral2.jpg <@subject Vanessa atalanta (Red Admiral: Giles Watson,
                            photos)>
                   <@text x=17 y=25
                                t=\i{}Vanessa atalanta\i0{} (Reed Admiral). St.
                                Mary's, Isles of Scilly, 2006. Giles Watson.>
      atalanlh.jpg <@subject Vanessa atalanta (Red Admiral): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=844 y=37
                                t=\i{}Vanessa atalanta\i0{} (Red Admiral): egg,
                                fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921)>
      dpap12.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of V. atalanta and Cynthia cardui:
                          Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=140 y=679
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 41, \i{}Vanessa atalanta\i0{};
                              42, \i{}Cynthia cardui\i0{}.>
      nod157.jpg <@subject Vanessa atalanta (Red Admiral: Shaw & Nodder)>

# \b{}\i{}Papilionidae\i0{}\b0{}/
      newmppap.jpg <@subject Swallow-tailed and Apollo: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=872 y=12
                                t=1, \i{}Papilio machaon\i0{} (The
                                Swallow-tail); 2, \i{}Iphiclides podalirius\i0{}
                                (Scarce Swallow-tail); 3, \i{}Parnassius
                                apollo\i0{} (The Apollo). From Newman, 1871.>
      cehepap.jpg <@subject Papilionidae: larvae of Papilio, Parnassius and
                           Zerynthia (Le Cerf & Herbulot)>
                  <@text x=835 y=855
                               t=Larvae of Papilionidae. Above, \i{}Papilio
                               machaon\i0{}; below, \i{}Parnassius apollo\i0{};
                               right, \i{}Zerynthia rumina\i0{} (with extruded
                               anterior tentacles). From Le Cerf & Herbulot
                               (1950).>
      dpap013.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of Iphiclides podalirius and
                           Papilio machaon: Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=452 y=317
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 2, \i{}Papilio machaon\i0{};
                               3, \i{}Iphiclides podalirius\i0{}.>

# \i{}Iphiclides\i0{}/
      iphicl01.jpg <@subject Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallow-tail):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=720 y=907
                                t=\i{}Iphiclides podalirius\i0{} (Scarce
                                Swallow-tail), female (left) and male.
                                \par{}\par{}Bagneux, Seine, August 1954. From
                                Watson's Collection.>
      bent578.jpg <@subject Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallow-tail): B. Ent.
                           578>
      text5781.gif <@subject Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallow-tail): B.
                            Ent. 578, legend+text>
      text5782.gif <@subject Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallow-tail): B.
                            Ent. 578, text cont.>
      curhub03.jpg <@subject Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallow-tail:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      dpap011.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of I. podalirius: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Papilio\i0{}/
      machaon1.jpg <@subject Papilio machaon (Swallow-tail: British and
                            mainland-European subspecies): photos>
                   <@text x=452 y=927
                                t=\i{}Papilio machaon\i0{} (Swallow-tail). Figs.
                                1 and 2, the British subsecies,\i{} P.
                                machaon\i0{} ssp. \i{}britannicus\i0{}. 3 and
                                4,\i{} P. machaon\i0{} ssp. \i{}gorganus\i0{}
                                (the Continental Swallow-tail). \par{}\par{}1,
                                Norfolk Broads, from larva collected August 1927
                                (J.F. Johnstone). 2, Cambridgeshire (Wicken
                                Fen?), June 1926 (R.A. Nichols). 3-4, Bagneux,
                                Seine, August 1953 (Watson). From Watsons
                                collection.>
      curhub02.jpg <@subject Papilio machaon (Swallow-tail: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=65 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis, larva and pupa from Coleman.>
      newmppap.jpg <@subject Swallow-tailed and Apollo: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=872 y=12
                                t=1, \i{}Papilio machaon\i0{} (The
                                Swallow-tail); 2, \i{}Iphiclides podalirius\i0{}
                                (Scarce Swallow-tail); 3, \i{}Parnassius
                                apollo\i0{} (The Apollo). From Newman, 1871.>
      dpap012.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of P. machaon: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Parnassius\i0{}/
      apollo01.jpg <@subject Parnassius apollo (Apollo): photos>
                   <@text x=871 y=932
                                t=\i{}Parnassius apollo\i0{} (The Apollo). A
                                European alpine butterfly, of which vagrant
                                specimens may have occasionally appeared in
                                Britain. The possibility that it may once have
                                been resident should not be discounted, because
                                no less an authority than John Curtis was
                                convinced he saw a specimen in a very likely
                                locality (Ben Lawers) in the early 19th Century.
                                \par{}\par{}Above: Savoy Alps, France, July 1950
                                (J. Armitage). Below: Pontresina, Switzerland,
                                August 1948 (J. Armitage). From Watson's
                                collection.>
      dpap022.jpg <@subject P. apollo, larva and pupa: Duponchel (1849)>
      nodmg01.jpg <@subject Parnassius apollo (Apollo: Shaw & Nodder)>
      hubf567.jpg <@subject Parnassius phoebus (Small Apollo): Hbner, 1805.>
      kir032.jpg <@subject Parnassius phoebus (Small Apollo: Kirby, 1907)>
      newmppap.jpg <@subject Swallow-tailed and Apollo: Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=872 y=12
                                t=1, \i{}Papilio machaon\i0{} (The
                                Swallow-tail); 2, \i{}Iphiclides podalirius\i0{}
                                (Scarce Swallow-tail); 3, \i{}Parnassius
                                apollo\i0{} (The Apollo). From Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Zerynthia\i0{}/
      zerynt01.jpg <@subject Zerynthia polyxena (Southern Festoon): Hbner>
                   <@text x=794 y=911
                                t=\i{}Zerynthia polyxena\i0{} (Southern
                                Festoon). From Hbner.>
      hub0781.jpg <@subject Zerynthia polyxena (Southern Festoon) and Zerynthia
                           rumina (Spanish Festoon): From Hbner, 1805.>
                  <@text x=51 y=62
                               t=ZERYNTHIA. 392-393, Zerynthia polyxena.
                               394-395, Zerynthia rumina. From Hubner, 1805.>
      kir026.jpg <@subject Zerynthia rumina (Spanish Festoon: Kirby, 1907)>                              
      dpap024.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of Z. polyxena: Duponchel (1849)>

      dpap331.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupa of Z. rumina: Duponchel (1849)>
      cehepap.jpg <@subject Papilionidae: larvae of Papilio, Parnassius and
                           Zerynthia (Le Cerf & Herbulot)>
                  <@text x=835 y=855
                               t=Larvae of Papilionidae. Above, \i{}Papilio
                               machaon\i0{}; below, \i{}Parnassius apollo\i0{};
                               right, \i{}Zerynthia rumina\i0{} (with extruded
                               anterior tentacles). From Le Cerf & Herbulot
                               (1950).>

# \b{}\i{}Pieridae\i0{}\b0{}/
      newmpie1.jpg <@subject Pieridae (1): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=457 y=415
                                t=1a-d, \i{}Leptidea sinapis\i0{} (Wood White:
                                a, c and d males, b female); 2a-c,
                                \i{}Anthocharis cardamines\i0{} (Orange Tip,
                                male and female upper-sides and male
                                under-side); 3, \i{}Colias hyale\i0{} (Pale
                                Clouded Yellow); 4a-b, \i{}Colias croceus\i0{}
                                (Clouded Yellow, female and male); 4c-d,
                                \i{}Colias croceus\i0{}, a male var., and female
                                var. \i{}helice\i0{}). From Newman, 1871.>
      newmpie2.jpg <@subject Pieridae (2): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=890 y=893
                                t=1, \i{}Gonepteryx rhamni\i0{} (Brimstone); 2,
                                \i{}Aporia crataegi\i0{} (Black-veined White);
                                3a-c, \i{}Pontia daplidice\i0{} (Bath White,
                                female and male upper-sides and female
                                under-side). From Newman, 1871.>
      newmpie3.jpg <@subject Pieridae (3): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=463 y=622
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large White,
                                male and female); 2a-b, \i{}Pieris rapae\i0{}
                                (Small White, female and male); 3a-c, \i{} \i0{}
                                (Green-veined White, male and female upper-sides
                                and female under-side). From Newman, 1871.>
      dwarf01.jpg <@subject Pieridae: dwarfism in Anthocharis cardamines (Orange
                           Tip) and Pieris rapae (Small White): photos>
                  <@text x=461 y=938
                               t=Examples of dwarf specimens. Figs. 1 and 2,
                               \i{}Anthocharis cardamines\i0{}: a dwarf male (2,
                               wingspan 32 mm) compared with one of normal size
                               (1, wingspan 44 mm). Figs. 3-5, \i{}Pieris
                               rapae\i0{} (Small White): a dwarf female (4,
                               wingspan 38 mm) and a dwarf male (Fig. 5,
                               wingspan 36 mm), compared with a female of normal
                               size (Fig. 3, wingspan 54 mm). \par{}\par{}1,
                               Cheddleton near Leek, Staffs., June 1952. 2,
                               Dovedale, Staffs., 26th May 1956. 33-5, Bagneux,
                               Seine (France), September 1953. From Watsons
                               collection.>
      cehepilh.jpg <@subject Pieridae: examples of larvae and pupae (Le Cerf &
                            Herbulot)>
                   <@text x=878 y=905
                                t=Larvae and pupae of Pieridae. Fig. 1,
                                \i{}Aporia crataegi\i0{} (Black-veined White);
                                Fig. 2, \i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large White);
                                3, Pieris rapae (Small White); 4,
                                \i{}Anthocharis cardamines\i0{} (Orange Tip); 5,
                                \i{}Gonepteryx rhamni\i0{} (Brimstone); 6,
                                \i{}Coleus croceus\i0{} (Clouded Yellow). From
                                Le Cerf & Herbulot (1950).>
      pieneu.gif <@subject Colias, Leptidea: neuration>

# \i{}Anthocharis\i0{}/
      cardam02.jpg <@subject Anthocharis cardamines (Orange Tip): photos>
                   <@text x=443 y=412
                                t=\i{}Anthocharis cardamines\i0{} (Orange Tip):
                                upper- and undersides of male (left) and female.
                                \par{}\par{}Bradnop near Leek, Staffs., May
                                1952. From Watson's collection.>
      cardamlh.jpg <@subject Anthocharis cardamines (Orange Tip): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=390 y=916
                                t=\i{}Anthocharis cardamines\i0{} (Orange Tip):
                                egg, fully grown larva and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap032.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of A. cardamines: Duponchel (1849)>
      curhub06.jpg <@subject Anthocharis cardamines (Orange Tip: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
                   <@text x=67 y=936
                                t=A composite image, from Coleman (pupa), Curtis
                                (plant) and Hbner.>

# \i{}Aporia\i0{}/
      bent360.jpg <@subject Aporia crataegi (Black-veined White: B. Ent. 360)>
      text3601.gif <@subject Aporia crataegi: B. Ent. 360, legend+text>
      text3602.gif <@subject Aporia crataegi: B. Ent. 360, text cont.>
      aporia01.jpg <@subject Aporia crataegi (Black-veined White): photos>
                   <@text x=433 y=27
                                t=\i{}Aporia crataegi\i0{} (Black-veined White),
                                upperside and (below) underside. Once locally
                                plentiful in many parts of southern England
                                north to Merioneth and Norfolk, by the 1920s the
                                the Black-veined White was restricted to Kent,
                                and it seems to have become extinct in Britain
                                by 1930. It remains common in mainland Europe,
                                where it is sometimes an orchard pest.
                                \par{}\par{}East Kent, July 1907 (E. Goodwin).
                                From Watson's collection.>
      crataelh.jpg <@subject Aporia crataegi (Black-veined White): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=32 y=31
                                t=\i{}Aporia crataegi\i0{} (Black-veined White):
                                eggs, fully grown larva and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap021.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of A. crataegi: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Colias\i0{}/
      colias01.jpg <@subject Colias croceus (Clouded Yellow), C. hyale (Pale
                            Clouded Yellow), C. alfacariensis (Bergers Clouded
                            Yellow): photos>
                   <@text x=316 y=946
                                t=Figs. 1-2, \i{}Coleus croceus\i0{} (Clouded
                                Yellow): upper- and undersides of male (1 and
                                1a) and female (2 and 2a). Figs. 3-4, \i{}Colias
                                hyale\i0{} (Pale Clouded Yellow): upperside of a
                                male (3), and upper- and undersides of a female
                                (4 and 4a). Figs. 5 and 5a, upper- and underside
                                of a male of doubtful identity, though probably
                                also referable to \i{}C. hyale\i0{}. \i{}C.
                                hyale\i0{} and \i{}C. alfacariensis\i0{}
                                (Bergers Clouded Yellow) are only dubiously
                                separable as adults, although they are readily
                                distinguishable in the larval stages. \i{}C.
                                alfacariensis\i0{} known in Britain as a
                                sporadic, probably rare immigrant. It has a more
                                southerly distribution in mainland Europe than
                                \i{}C. hyale\i0{}, which is well known here as a
                                breeding migrant. Since the specimens figured
                                were all collected in northern France, they may
                                all represent \i{}C. hyale\i0{}, although the
                                deeper colouring exhibited by 5 and 5a is
                                suggestive of \i{}alfacariensis\i0{}.
                                \par{}\par{}Material collected at Bagneux,
                                Seine, August 1953. From Watsons collection.>
      bent242.jpg <@subject Colias hyale (Pale Clouded Yellow: B. Ent. 242)>
      bent2422.jpg <@subject Colias hyale (dissections: B. Ent. 242)>
      text2421.gif <@subject Colias hyale: B. Ent. 242, legend+text>
      text2422.gif <@subject Colias hyale: B. Ent. 242, text cont.>
      stephii1.jpg <@subject Colias croceus (Clouded Yellow): both sexes and
                            var. helice. Stephens (1828)>
                   <@text x=17 y=22
                                t=\i{}Colias croceus\i0{}. 1, male; 2, female.
                                3, female, var, \i{}helice\i0{}. From Stephens
                                (1828, as \i{}Colias chrysotheme\i0{}).>
      curhub16.jpg <@subject Colias croceus (Clouded Yellow: Kirby, 1907)>
      kir051.jpg <@subject Colias palaeno (Moorland Clouded Yellow: Kirby, 1907)>
                 <@item x=890 y=689 w=96 h=48 n
                        t=male>
                 <@item x=18 y=134 w=137 h=48 n
                        t=female>
      hubf434.jpg <@subject Colias palaeno (Mooland Clouded Yellow): Hbner,
                           1805.>
                  <@text x=882 y=27
                               t=\i{}Colias palaenao\i0{}, a mainland-European
                               species recorded in S. England in the early
                               Nineteenth Century, and again in 1923.>
      stephi1.jpg <@subject Colias hyale (Pale Clouded Yellow) and ?Colias
                           palaeno (Moorland Clouded Yellow, adventive):
                           Stephens (1828)>
                  <@text x=882 y=27
                               t=1, cf. \i{}Colias palaeno\i0{}, a
                               mainland-European species recorded in S. England
                               in the early Nineteenth Century, and again in
                               1923. 2 and 3, probably \i{}Colias hyale\i0{}
                               (Pale Clouded Yellow) From Sephens, 1828 (all as
                               \i{}Colias europome\i0{}).>
      dpap043.jpg <@subject Larvae of C. croceus (with pupa) and C. hyale:
                           Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=45 y=48
                               t=\i{}Colias\i0{} species. 13, larva of \i{}C.
                               hyale\i0{}; 14, larva and pupa of \i{}C.
                               croceus\i0{}.>
      hyalelh.jpg <@subject Colias hyale (Pale Clouded Yellow): larva>
                  <@text x=826 y=913
                               t=\i{}Colias hyale\i0{} (Pale Clouded Yellow):
                               fully grown larva. From South (1921).>
      croceulh.jpg <@subject Colias croceus (Clouded Yellow): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=56 y=913
                                t=\i{}Colias croceus\i0{} (Clouded Yellow):
                                eggs, fully grown larva and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      pieneu.gif <@subject Colias, Leptidea: neuration>

# \i{}Euchlo\i0{}/
      euchlo01.jpg <@subject Euchlo simplonia (Dappled White: photos)>
                   <@text x=809 y=940
                                t=\i{}Euchlo\i0{} (?)\i{}simplonia\i0{}
                                (Dappled White). The material photographed is
                                tentatively referable to \i{}E. simplonia\i0{},
                                a European vagrant/migrant species with dubious
                                claims to inclusion as 'British'. However, the
                                \i{}Euchlo\i0{} species currently recognised by
                                taxonomists may be indistinguishable as adults,
                                necessitating undue reliance on geography for
                                identification. \par{}\par{}Le Crau, Arles, SE
                                France, June 4th 1950 (J. Armitage). From
                                Watsons collection.>
      kir046.jpg <@subject Euchlo simplonia (Dappled White: Kirby, 1907)>

# \i{}Gonepteryx\i0{}/
      gonept00.jpg <@subject Gonepteryx rhamni (Brimstone): photos>
                   <@text x=466 y=423
                                t=Figs. 1-2, \i{}Gonepteryx rhamni\i0{}
                                (Brimstone): upper- and underside of female (1
                                and 1a) and male (2 and 2a).
                                \par{}\par{}Bagneux, Seine, August 1954. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      gwbrim.jpg <@subject Gonepteryx rhamni (Brimstone): Giles Watson, photo>
                 <@text x=66 y=911
                              t=\i{}Gonepteryx rhamni\i0{}. Garden in Uffington,
                              Oxfordshire, September 2008. Giles Watson,>
      bent173.jpg <@subject Gonepteryx rhamni (Brimstone: B. Ent. 173)>
      text1731.gif <@subject Gonepteryx rhamni: B. Ent. 173, legend+text>
      text1732.gif <@subject Gonepteryx rhamni: B. Ent. 173, text cont.>
      dpap044.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of G. rhamni: Duponchel (1849)>
      rhamnilh.jpg <@subject Gonepteryx rhamni (Brimstone): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=852 y=25
                                t=\i{}Gonepteryx rhamni\i0{} (Brimstone): eggs,
                                fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      gonept03.jpg <@subject Gonepteryx cleopatra (Cleopatra): photos>
                   <@text x=431 y=487
                                t=Figs. 3 and 3a, \i{}Gonepteryx cleopatra\i0{}:
                                upper- and underside of male. \par{}\par{}Near
                                Nicosia, Cyprus, May 1952 (J. Armitage). From
                                Watsons collection.>
      dpap361.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of G. cleopatra: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Leptidea\i0{}/
      leptid01.jpg <@subject Leptidea sinapis (Wood White): photos>
                   <@text x=905 y=929
                                t=\i{}Leptidea sinapis\i0{} (Wood White):
                                uppersides of female (left) and male, with
                                corresponding undersides below. Bivre forest,
                                near Paris, August 1954. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      dpap042.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of L. sinapis: Duponchel (1849)>
      sinapilh.jpg <@subject Leptidea sinapis (Wood White): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=46 y=918
                                t=\i{}Leptidea sinapis\i0{} (Wood White): eggs,
                                fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      morr036.jpg <@subject Leptidea sinapis (Wood White: Morris/Curtis)>
      pieneu.gif <@subject Colias, Leptidea: neuration>

# \i{}Pieris\i0{}/
      hubner16.jpg <@subject Pieris brassicae (Large White), P. napi
                            (Green-veined White) and P. rapae (Small White):
                            Hbner>
                   <@text x=348 y=13
                                t=\i{}Pieris\i0{} species in Britain. Figs. 1-3,
                                \i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large White): female
                                (1 and 2), male (3). Figs 4 and 5, \i{}Pieris
                                rapae\i0{} (Small White): female (4) and
                                underside. Figs. 6-8, \i{}Pieris napi\i0{}
                                (Green-veined White): female (6), male (7) and
                                underside. From Hbner.>
      brassi01.jpg <@subject Pieris brassicae (Large White, Large Cabbage
                            White): photos>
                   <@text x=467 y=262
                                t=\i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large White):
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of a female
                                (left) and of a male (right). \par{}\par{}Leek,
                                Staffs., garden, August 1951. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      curhub08.jpg <@subject Pieris brassicae (Large White, Large Cabbage White:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      stepiii1.jpg <@subject Pieris brassicae and Pieris napi: as Pontia,
                            Stephens (1828>
                   <@text x=22 y=22
                                t=1 and 2, \i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large
                                Cabbage White, male and underside of female). 3
                                and 4, \i{}Pieris napi\i0{} (Green-veined White,
                                underside of male and upperside of female). From
                                Stephens, 1828 (as \i{}Pontia chariclea\i0{} and
                                \i{}Pontia sabellicae\i0{}, respectively).>
      brassilh.jpg <@subject Pieris brassicae (Large White, Large Cabbage
                            White): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=27 y=22
                                t=\i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large White): egg
                                in process of hatching, fully grown larva and
                                pupa. From South (1921).>
      curhub09.jpg <@subject Pieris rapae (Small White, Small Cabbage White:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      dpap031.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of P. brassicae, P. napi, P. rapae:
                           Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=874 y=29
                               t=Larvae and pupae of \i{}Pieris\i0{} species. 7,
                               \i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{}; 8, \i{}P. rapae\i0{};
                               9, \i{}P. napi\i0{}.>
      rapaelh.jpg <@subject Pieris rapae (Small White, Small Cabbage White):
                           egg, larva, pupa>
                  <@text x=30 y=24
                               t=\i{}Pieris rapae\i0{} (Small White): eggs,
                               fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      pienap01.jpg <@subject Pieris napi (Green-veined White): photos>
                   <@text x=469 y=646
                                t=\i{}Pieris napi\i0{} (Green-veined White):
                                uppersides and the corresponding undersides of
                                two males of different sizes (1/1a, 2/2a ) and a
                                female (3/3a). \par{}\par{}Cheddleton near Leek,
                                Staffs., July 1953. From Watsons collection.>
      curhub12.jpg <@subject Pieris napi (Green-veined White: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      napilh.jpg <@subject Pieris napi (Green-veined White): egg, larva, pupa>
                 <@text x=37 y=933
                              t=\i{}Pieris napi\i0{} (Green-veined White): eggs,
                              fully grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>
      newmpie3.jpg <@subject Pieridae (3): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=463 y=622
                                t=1a-b, \i{}Pieris brassicae\i0{} (Large White,
                                male and female); 2a-b, \i{}Pieris rapae\i0{}
                                (Small White, female and male); 3a-c, \i{} \i0{}
                                (Green-veined White, male and female upper-sides
                                and female under-side). From Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Pontia\i0{}/
      bent048.jpg <@subject Pontia daplidice (Bath White: B. Ent. 48)>
      text0481.gif <@subject Pontia daplidice: B. Ent. 48, legend+text>
      text0482.gif <@subject Pontia daplidice: B. Ent. 48, text cont.>
      daplid02.jpg <@subject Pontia daplidice (Bath White, male): Hbner>
      daplid01.jpg <@subject Pontia daplidice (Bath White, female): photo>
                   <@text x=426 y=448
                                t=\i{}Pontia daplidice\i0{} (Bath White,
                                female). \par{}\par{}Le Crau, Arles, SE France,
                                11th June 1950 (J. Armitage). From Watsons
                                collection.>
      dpap041.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of Pontia daplidice: Duponchel
                           (1849)>
      daplidlh.jpg <@subject Pontia daplidice (Bath White): larva and pupa>
                   <@text x=63 y=927
                                t=\i{}Pontia daplidice\i0{} (Bath White): fully
                                grown larva and pupa. From South (1921).>

# \b{}\i{}Riodinidae\i0{}\b0{}/
      bent316.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina (Duke-of-Burgundy Fritillary: B.
                           Ent. 316)>
      text316.gif <@subject Hamearis lucina (legend+text: B. Ent. 316)>
      text3162.gif <@subject Hamearis lucina: B. Ent. 316, text cont.>
      lucina01.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina (Duke-of-Burgundy Fritillary):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=468 y=318
                                t=\i{}Hamearis lucina\i0{} (Duke-of-Burgundy
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and undersides
                                of a female (left) and a male (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Folkestone, June 1920 (R.A.
                                Nichols). From Watsons collection.>
      dpap091.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of H. lucina: Duponchel (1849)>
      lucinalh.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina : egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=842 y=910
                                t=\i{}Hamearis lucina\i0{} (Duke-of-Burgundy
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva, and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>

# \i{}Hamearis\i0{}/
      bent316.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina (Duke-of-Burgundy Fritillary: B.
                           Ent. 316)>
      text316.gif <@subject Hamearis lucina (legend+text: B. Ent. 316)>
      text3161.gif <@subject Hamearis lucina (text, cont.: B. Ent. 316)>
      lucina01.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina (Duke-of-Burgundy Fritillary):
                            photos>
                   <@text x=468 y=318
                                t=\i{}Hamearis lucina\i0{} (Duke-of-Burgundy
                                Fritillary): uppersides (above) and undersides
                                of a female (left) and a male (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Folkestone, June 1920 (R.A.
                                Nichols). From Watsons collection.>
      lucinalh.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina : egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=836 y=914
                                t=\i{}Hamearis lucina\i0{} (Duke-of-Burgundy
                                Fritillary): egg, fully grown larva, and pupa.
                                From South (1921).>
      dpap091.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of H. lucina: Duponchel (1849)>
      newmp31.jpg <@subject Hamearis lucina: Newman, 1871>
                  <@text x=187 y=881 w=630 h=88 m
                         t=Hamearis lucina (Duke-of-Burgundy Fritillary). From
                         Newman, 1871.>

# \b{}\i{}Satyridae\i0{}\b0{}/
      newmsat1.jpg <@subject Satyridae (1): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=453 y=120
                                t=1, \i{}Pararge aegeria\i0{} (Speckled Wood);
                                2a-c, \i{}Lasiommata megera\i0{} (Wall Brown:
                                male and female upper-sides, and female
                                under-side); 3a-b, \i{}Erebia aethiops\i0{}
                                (Scotch Argus or Northern Brown, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a-b, \i{}Erebia epiphron\i0{}
                                (Mountain Ringlet, upper- and under-sides); 5,
                                \i{}Erebia ligea\i0{} (Arran Brown, under-side
                                showing the characteristic white mark); 6a-b,
                                \i{}Melanargia galathea\i0{} (Marbled White,
                                male upper-side and female under-side). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      newmsat2.jpg <@subject Satyridae (2): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=435 y=959
                                t=1a-d, \i{}Hipparchia semele\i0{} (Grayling:
                                male and female, upper- and under-sides); 2a-c,
                                \i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{} (Gatekeeper: female,
                                male and female under-side); 3a-c, \i{}Maniola
                                jurtina\i0{} (Meadow Brown: male and female
                                upper-sides, and female under-side); 3d,
                                \i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{} (Meadow Brown,
                                "bleached" form). From Newman, 1971.>
      newmsat3.jpg <@subject Satyridae (3): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=461 y=646
                                t=Aphantopus hyperantus (The Ringlet).
                                Upper-side (top left), and undersides
                                exemplifying the numerous variants. From Newman,
                                1871.>
      newmsat4.jpg <@subject Satyridae (4): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=868 y=932
                                t=1a-d, Coenonympha tullia (The Large Heath, or
                                Marsh Ringlet, upper-and under-sides,
                                exemplifying Northern and Scottish forms);
                                1e-1k, Coenonympha tullia (Large Heath or Marsh
                                Ringlet: upper-side (1e) and under-sides,
                                exemplifying English and Welsh forms); 2a-b,
                                Coenonympha pamphilus (Small Heath, upper- and
                                under-sides). From Newman, 1871.>

# \i{}Aphantopus\i0{}/
      hypera01.jpg <@subject Aphantopus hyperantus (The Ringlet): photos>
                   <@text x=140 y=944
                                t=\i{}Aphantopus hyperantus\i0{} (The Ringlet):
                                exemplifying variation. Uppersides and
                                undersides of males (Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7)
                                and females (Figs 2 and 5). \par{}\par{}1, 2 and
                                5: Eccleshall, Staffs., July 1955. 3: Southern
                                Cotswolds, July 1952 (J. Armitage). 4 and 6:
                                Folkestone, Kent, July 1925 (R.A. Nichols). 7:
                                Southern Cotswolds, June 1951 (J. Armitage).
                                From Watsons collection.>
      ringl01.jpg <@subject Aphantopus hyperantus (The Ringlet): Giles Watson,
                           photos>
                  <@text x=443 y=14
                               t=\i{}Aphantopus hyperantus\i0{} (The Ringlet).
                               Uffington, Oxon, July 2007. Giles Watson.>
      ringl02.jpg <@subject Aphantopus hyperantus (The Ringlet): Giles Watson,
                           photo>
                  <@text x=40 y=36
                               t=\i{}Aphantopus hyperantus\i0{} (Ringlet). The
                               Ridgeway, near Wayland's Smithy, Bucks. June
                               2008, Giles Watson.>
      hyperalh.jpg <@subject Aphantopus hyperantus (The Ringlet): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=56 y=911
                                t=\i{}Aphantopus hyperantus\i0{} (The Ringlet):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      newmsat3.jpg <@subject Satyridae (3): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=461 y=646
                                t=Aphantopus hyperantus (The Ringlet).
                                Upper-side (top left), and undersides
                                exemplifying the numerous variants. From Newman,
                                1871.>
      dpap27.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of A. hyperanthus and other
                          Satyridae: Duponchel (1849)>
                 <@text x=781 y=310
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 74, \i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{};
                              75, \i{}Aphantopus hyperanthus\i0{}; 76,
                              \i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{}; 77, \i{}Pararge
                              aegeria\i0{}.>

# \i{}Arethusana\i0{}/
      hubf154.jpg <@subject Arethusana arethusa (False Grayling): Hbner, 1805>
      hubareth.jpg <@subject Arethusana arethusa (False Grayling: Hbner)>
                   <@text x=63 y=48
                                t=\i{}Arethusana arethusa\i0{} (False Grayling).
                                From Hbner.>

# \i{}Chazara\i0{}/
      chazar01.jpg <@subject Chazara briseis (The Hermit)>
                   <@text x=406 y=25
                                t=\i{}Chazara biseis\i0{} (The Hermit):
                                uppersides of male (left) and female. From Le
                                Cerf & Herbulot (1950).>
      hubf130.jpg <@subject Chazara briseis (The Hermit): Hbner, 1805>

# \i{}Coenonympha\i0{}/
      pamphi01.jpg <@subject Coenonympha pamphilus (Small Heath): photos>
                   <@text x=460 y=524
                                t=\i{}Coenonympha pamphilus\i0{} (Small Heath).
                                Upper- and undersides of males, including a
                                bleached variant (bottom right); upperside of
                                a female (bottom left). \par{}\par{}Cheddleton
                                near Leek, Staffs., June 1949. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      pamphilh.jpg <@subject Coenonympha pamphilus (Small Heath): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=818 y=918
                                t=\i{}Coenonympha panphilus\i0{} (Small Heath):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      tullia01.jpg <@subject Coenonympha tullia (Large Heath): photos>
                   <@text x=479 y=349
                                t=\i{}Coenonympha tullia\i0{} (Large Heath). Two
                                males (1 and 3) and a female (2). \par{}\par{}1
                                and 2, Delamere Forest, Cheshire, July 1916
                                (S.G.C. Russell). 3, South Westmorland, July
                                1923 (R.A Nichols). From Watsons collection.>
      tullialh.jpg <@subject Coenonympha tullia (Large Heath): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=38 y=24
                                t=\i{}Coenonympha tullia\i0{} (Large Heath):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      newmsat4.jpg <@subject Satyridae (4): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=868 y=932
                                t=1a-d, Coenonympha tullia (The Large Heath, or
                                Marsh Ringlet, upper-and under-sides,
                                exemplifying Northern and Scottish forms);
                                1e-1k, Coenonympha tullia (Large Heath or Marsh
                                Ringlet: upper-side (1e) and under-sides,
                                exemplifying English and Welsh forms); 2a-b,
                                Coenonympha pamphilus (Small Heath, upper- and
                                under-sides). From Newman, 1871.>
      bent205.jpg <@subject Coenonympha hero (Plastead's Brown Ringlet
                           Butterfly, probably alien): B. Ent. 205>
      bent2052.jpg <@subject Coenonympha hero (dissections: B. Ent. 205)>
      text2051.gif <@subject Coenonympha hero: B. Ent. 205, legend+text>
      bent2052.jpg <@subject Coenonympha hero (dissections): B. Ent. 205>
      bent205a.jpg <@subject Mainland-European \i{}Coenonympha arcania\i0{} 
      ('Plastead's Tawny Ringlet Butterfly'): B. Ent. 205*> 
      text205a.gif <@subject \i{}Coenonympha arcania\i0{}. B. Ent. 205*, 
      legend+text> 
      text205b.gif <@subject \i{}Coenonympha arcania\i0{}. B. Ent. 205*, 
      text cont.> 
      step0071.jpg <@subject Mainland-European \i{}Coenonympha 
      glycerion\i0{},  as \i{}Hipparchia iphis\i0{}. Stephens 1828> 
                   <@text x=40 y=891
                                t=Cf. \i{}Coenonympha glycerion\i0{}, a
                                mainland-European species. 1, male; 2, underside
                                of male; 3, female. From Stephens (1828, as
                                \i{}Hipparchia iphis\i0{}.>
      dpap301.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of C. arcania and C. pamphilus:
                           Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=859 y=95
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 86, \i{}Coenonympha
                               pamphilus\i0{}; 87, \i{}C. arcania\i0{}.>

# \i{}Erebia\i0{}/
      erebia01.jpg <@subject Erebia aethiops (Scotch Argus): photos>
                   <@text x=457 y=292
                                t=\i{}Erebia aethiops\i0{} (Scotch Argus):
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of a male
                                (left) and of a female (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Male: Arnside, Westmoreland, 5th
                                August 1934 (E.G. and R.G. Warren). Female:
                                Digne (France), 19th May 1910 (V. Cotte). From
                                Watsons collection.>
      erebia02.jpg <@subject Erebia aethiops (Scotch Argus), E. epiphron
                            (Mountain Ringlet) and E. ligea (Arran Brown):
                            Kirby, 1907>
                   <@text x=813 y=901
                                t=Figs. 1 and 2, \i{}Erebia aethiops\i0{}
                                (Scotch Argus): male (1) and female (2). Figs. 3
                                and 4, \i{}Erebia ligea\i0{} (Arran Brown). Figs
                                5 and 6, \i{}Erebia epiphron\i0{} (Mountain
                                Ringlet). \par{}\par{}From Kirby (1907).>
      erebialh.jpg <@subject Erebia aethiops and E. epiphron: eggs, larvae,
                            pupae>
                   <@text x=23 y=26
                                t=Eggs, larvae and pupae of \i{}Erebia
                                aethiops\i0{} (Scotch Argus, Fig. 2) and
                                \i{}Erebia epiphron\i0{} (Mountain Ringlet,
                                Fig.1). From South (1921).>
      step0061.jpg <@subject Erebia ligea (Arran Brown): Stephens (1828)>
                   <@text x=391 y=43
                                t=\i{}Erebia ligea\i0{} (Arran Brown). 1, male;
                                2, female; 3, male underside, showing the white
                                mark characteristic of the species). From
                                Stephens (1828, as \i{}Hipparchia ligea\i0{}).>
      dpap292.jpg <@subject Larva of E. ligea: Duponchel (1849)>
      step0081.jpg <@subject Erebia epiphron (Mountain Ringlet): Stephens
                            (1828)>
                   <@text x=31 y=910
                                t=\i{}Erebia epiphron\i0{} (Mountain Ringlet).
                                1, a variety of the male; 2, female; 3, male
                                underside. From Stephens (1828, as
                                \i{}Hipparchia cassiope\i0{}).>
      newmsat1.jpg <@subject Satyridae (1): Newman, 1871>
                   <@text x=453 y=120
                                t=1, \i{}Pararge aegeria\i0{} (Speckled Wood);
                                2a-c, \i{}Lasiommata megera\i0{} (Wall Brown:
                                male and female upper-sides, and female
                                under-side); 3a-b, \i{}Erebia aethiops\i0{}
                                (Scotch Argus or Northern Brown, upper- and
                                under-sides); 4a-b, \i{}Erebia epiphron\i0{}
                                (Mountain Ringlet, upper- and under-sides); 5,
                                \i{}Erebia ligea\i0{} (Arran Brown, under-side
                                showing the characteristic white mark); 6a-b,
                                \i{}Melanargia galathea\i0{} (Marbled White,
                                male upper-side and female under-side). From
                                Newman, 1871.>
      cole006.jpg <@subject Maniola, Pyronia, Erebia, Aphantopus (Browns:
                           Coleman, 1860)>

# \i{}Hipparchia\i0{}/
      semele01.jpg <@subject Hipparchia semele (Grayling): photos>
                   <@text x=474 y=262
                                t=\i{}Hipparchia semele\i0{} (Grayling) :
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of two males,
                                exemplifying variation among specimens of
                                (supposedly) subsp. \i{}semele\i0{} occurring at
                                the same time and place. \par{}\par{}St.
                                Catherine's Hill, Christchurch, Hants., July
                                1957. From Watsons collection.>
      semelelh.jpg <@subject Hipparchia semele (Grayling): egg, larva, cocoon,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=38 y=24
                                t=\i{}Hipparchia semele\i0{} (Grayling): egg,
                                fully grown larva, cocoon and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap281.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of H. semele: Duponchel (1849)>

# \i{}Lasiommata\i0{}/
      megera01.jpg <@subject Lasiommata megera (Wall Brown): photos>
                   <@text x=483 y=720
                                t=\i{}Lasiommata megera\i0{} (Wall Brown):
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of a female
                                (left) and of a male (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Rudyard near Leek, Staffs.,
                                September 1950. From Watsons collection.>
      megeralh.jpg <@subject Lasiommata megera (Wall Brown): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=814 y=921
                                t=\i{}Lasiommata megera\i0{} (Wall Brown): egg,
                                fully grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>
      curhub14.jpg <@subject Lasiommata (Pararge) megera (Wall Brown:
                            Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=291 y=337
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
      maera01.jpg <@subject Lasiommata maera (Large-eyed Wall Brown): photos>
                  <@text x=478 y=284
                               t=\i{}Lasiommata maera\i0{} (Large-eyed Wall).
                               Figs. 1 and 1a, upperside and underside of a
                               female. Fig. 2, a rather differently patterned
                               female. Fig 3, upperside of a male.
                               \par{}\par{}Bagneux, Seine (France), August 1954.
                               From Watsons collection.>
      dpap261.jpg <@subject Larvae and pupae of L. maera and L. megaera:
                           Duponchel (1849)>
                  <@text x=79 y=510
                               t=Larvae and pupae. 72, \i{}Lasiommata
                               megaera\i0{}; 73, \i{}\i{}Lasiommata
                               maera\i0{}\i0{}.>
      kir118.jpg <@subject Lasiommata maera (Large-eyed Wall Brown: Kirby, 1907)>
      aegme01.jpg <@subject Lasiommata megera and Pararge aegeria: Kirb, 1907>

# \i{}Maniola\i0{}/
      jurtin01.jpg <@subject Maniola jurtina (Meadow Brown): photos>
                   <@text x=644 y=812
                                t=\i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{} (Meadow Brown):
                                uppersides and undersides of a typical male
                                (Figs. 1 and 1a); of two typical females (2 and
                                2a, 3 and 3a); of a "bleached" male (4 and 4a);
                                and (5) upperside of a dwarf male displayed at
                                the same scale as the others. \par{}\par{}1 and
                                2, Westwood, Leek, Staffs., July 1948. 3,
                                Cheddleton near Leek, Staffs., June 1953. 4,
                                Eccleshall, Staffs., July 1955. 5, New Forest,
                                Hants., 8th July 1957. From Watsons
                                collection.>
      janiralh.jpg <@subject Maniola jurtina (Meadow Brown): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=30 y=17
                                t=\i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{} (Meadow Brown): egg,
                                fully grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap27.jpg <@subject Larvae of M. jurtina and other Satyridae: Duponchel
                          (1849)>
                 <@text x=781 y=310
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 74, \i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{};
                              75, \i{}Aphantopus hyperanthus\i0{}; 76,
                              \i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{}; 77, \i{}Pararge
                              aegeria\i0{}.>
      curhub04.jpg <@subject Maniola jurtina (Meadow Brown: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>
                   <(@subject Maniola jurtina (Meadow Brown)>
      cole006.jpg <@subject Maniola, Pyronia, Erebia, Aphantopus (Browns:
                           Coleman, 1860)>

# \i{}Melanargia\i0{}/
      galath01.jpg <@subject Melanargia galathea (Marbled White): photos>
                   <@text x=456 y=291
                                t=\i{}Melanargia galathea\i0{} (Marbled White):
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of a male
                                (left) and of females (right). \par{}\par{}Male:
                                Swanage, Dorset, 10th July 1957. Females:
                                Elkstone, June 1950. From Watson's collection.>
      mwhite01.jpg <@subject Melanargia galathea (Marbled White: Giles Watson,
                            photos)>
                   <@text x=512 y=915
                                t=\i{}Melanargia galathea\i0{} (Marbled White).
                                Seven Barrows, Lambourn, Berks., July 2007.
                                Giles Watson.>
      galathlh.jpg <@subject Melanargia galathea (Marbled White): egg, larva,
                            pupa>
                   <@text x=783 y=920
                                t=\i{}Melanargia galathea\i0{} (Marbled White):
                                egg, fully grown larva, and pupa. From South
                                (1921).>
      dpap291.jpg <@subject Larva and pupa of M. galathea: Duponchel (1849)>
      curhub11.jpg <@subject Melanargia galathea (Marbled White: Hbner/Curtis)>
                   <@text x=66 y=926
                                t=A composite image: butterfly from Hbner,
                                plant from Curtis.>

# \i{}Pararge\i0{}/
      aegeri01.jpg <@subject Pararge aegeria (Speckled Wood): photos>
                   <@text x=498 y=940
                                t=\i{}Pararge aegeria\i0{} (Speckled Wood):
                                uppersides (above) and undersides of a female
                                (left) and of a male (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Fritham, New Forest, Hants., April
                                21st 1968. From Watsons collection.>
      spwood01.jpg <@subject Pararge aegeria (Speckled Wood: photos, Giles
                            Watson)>
                   <@text x=923 y=21
                                t=\i{}Pararge aegeria\i0{} (Speckled Wood). St.
                                Mary's, Isles of Scilly, May 2006. Giles
                                Watson.>
      aegerilh.jpg <@subject Pararge aegeria (Speckled Wood): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=40 y=41
                                t=\i{}Pararge aegeria\i0{} (Speckled Wood): egg,
                                fully grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap27.jpg <@subject Larvae of P. aegeria and other Satyridae: Duponchel
                          (1849)>
                 <@text x=781 y=310
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 74, \i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{};
                              75, \i{}Aphantopus hyperanthus\i0{}; 76,
                              \i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{}; 77, \i{}Pararge
                              aegeria\i0{}.>

# \i{}Pyronia\i0{}/
      tithon01.jpg <@subject Pyronia tithonus (Gatekeeper): photos>
                   <@text x=490 y=279
                                t=\i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{} (Gatekeeper, Hedge
                                Brown): uppersides (above) and undersides of a
                                female (left) and a male (right).
                                \par{}\par{}Malvern, Worces., 24 July 1950. From
                                Watsons collection.>
      gkeep01.jpg <@subject Pyronia tithonus (Gatekeeper: photo, Giles Watson)>
                  <@text x=853 y=911
                               t=\i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{} (The Gatekeeper).
                               Uffington, Oxon, July 2007. Giles Watson.>
      tithonlh.jpg <@subject Pyronia tithonus (Gatekeeper): egg, larva, pupa>
                   <@text x=842 y=910
                                t=\i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{} (Gatekeeper): egg,
                                fully grown larva, and pupa. From South (1921).>
      dpap27.jpg <@subject Larvae of P.tithonus and other Satyridae: Duponchel
                          (1849)>
                 <@text x=781 y=310
                              t=Larvae and pupae. 74, \i{}Pyronia tithonus\i0{};
                              75, \i{}Aphantopus hyperanthus\i0{}; 76,
                              \i{}Maniola jurtina\i0{}; 77, \i{}Pararge
                              aegeria\i0{}.>

