*SHOW British Entomology: Hymenoptera - 11 May 2003 
 
*CHARACTER LIST 
 
#1. <nomenclature:>/
 
#2. <common name(s) of family members:>/
 
#3. adults <size, exclusive of ovipositor: see Notes>/
       1. up to 4 mm long/
       2. 4-8 mm long/
       3. 8-14 mm long/
       4. at least 14 mm long/
 
#4. adults <length: front of head to extremity of abdomen, excluding
          ovipositor. See Notes>/
       mm long/
 
#5. adults <whether with a spherical head on a long neck>/
       1. conspicuously bearing a spherical head on an elongated
          neck/
       2. not conspicuously spherical-headed and necked <implicit>/
 
#6. adults <hairiness>/
       1. very hairy/
       2. sparsely hairy/
 
#7. adults <hair structure>/
       1. with branched or feathery hairs on the body <at least near
          the tegulae>/
       2. with only simple hairs on the body/
 
#8. insects <whether species are associated with galls>/
       1. associated with plant galls <whatever the nature of the
          association>/
       2. not associated with galls/
 
#9. <insects, whether social or solitary:>/
       1. social insects forming organized communities/
       2. solitary insects <implicit>/
 
#10. the adult populations <whether including sterile females, or
          workers>/
       1. including specialised, sterile females constituting
          workers/
       2. comprising males and fertile females only <implicit>/
 
#11. eyes <shape>/
       1. emarginate/
       2. ovate and not emarginate/
 
#12. sub-antennal grooves <presence>/
       1. present (to accommodate the laterally and somewhat ventrally
          directed antennal scape)/
       2. absent <implicit: the usual condition>/
 
#13. antennal segments <number>/
 
#14. the terminal antennal segment <shape>/
       1. pointed/
       2. truncate/
 
#15. antennae <height of insertion>/
       1. inserted above the lower margins of the eyes <implicit>/
       2. inserted below the eyes/
 
#16. antennae <relative length of third segment>/
       1. with a very elongated third segment/
       2. without noticeable elongation of the third segment
          <implicit>/
 
#17. antennae <whether geniculate>/
       1. geniculate/
       2. not geniculate/
 
#18. the antennal flagellum <simple or serrate>/
       1. serrate via distinctly produced segments/
       2. simple and not serrate, the segments not produced/
 
#19. the labrum <relative shape>/
       1. longer than broad/
       2. broader than long/
 
#20. tongue <glossa: relative length>/
       1. longer than the prementum/
       2. shorter than the prementum/
 
#21. tongue <glossa: shape>/
       1. pointed/
       2. not pointed (emarginate, truncate or rounded)/
 
#22. labial palps <form>/
       1. with segments 1 and 2 much longer than the distal two, and
          flattened/
       2. with all the segments similar in length and subcylindrical/
       3. with only segment 1 elongated and all of them
          subcylindrical/
 
#23. mentum and submentum <presence>/
       1. present/
       2. more or less absent/
 
#24. the mandibles <form>/
       1. long and crossed over when at rest/
       2. short and stout, meeting more or less on the mid-line/
 
#25. thorax <colour>/
 
#26. thorax of the wingless females <segmentation>/
       1. with distinct segmentation dorsally/
       2. without distinct segmentation dorsally/
 
#27. pronotum <whether hind margin straight or emarginate>/
       1. more or less straight at the back/
       2. deeply indented or emarginate at the back/
 
#28. pronotum <whether extending back to the tegulae>/
       1. long, extending back <more or less> to the tegulae/
       2. short, not extending back to the tegulae/
 
#29. pronotum <form>/
       1. wide and quadrate, almost as wide as the (often coarsely
          punctured) mesoscutum/
       2. usually narrower in front or transversely linear, narrower
          than the (usually reticulate) mesoscutum/
 
#30. pronotum <lateral grooves>/
       1. not vertically grooved for reception of the fore femur
          (ignoring any grooving close to and parallel with the front
          margin)/
       2. vertically grooved to receive the fore femur/
 
#31. the spiracle cover lobe of the pronotum <whether hair-margined>/
       1. margined with close fine hairs/
       2. not margined with close fine hairs/
 
#32. mesoscutellum <whether separated from the scutum>/
       1. completely separated from the scutum laterally by defined
          axillae/
       2. not separated from the scutum laterally, axillae not
          defined/
 
#33. mesopleuron <presence of suture>/
       1. with an oblique suture/
       2. without a suture/
 
#34. the mesepisternum <relative size>/
       1. large, more or less covering the mesepimeron (and the
          mid-tibial spur usually enlarged)/
       2. not enlarged to obscure the mesepimeron (and the mid-tibial
          spur rarely larger than the hind one)/
 
#35. cenchri <presence>/
       1. present/
       2. absent/
 
#36. wings <presence>/
       1. present <implicit>/
       2. absent/
 
#37. the wings <conspicuous fringing>/
       1. marginally very long-fringed, the fringes as long as or
          almost as long as the width of the wing/
       2. <fringed or not, but> not long-fringed <implicit>/
 
#38. wings <folding>/
       1. folded longitudinally when at rest/
       2. not folding longitudinally/
 
#39. fore-wings <presence of a pterostigma>/
       1. with a conspicuous pterostigma/
       2. without a pterostigma/
 
#40. fore-wings <whether with well developed venation>/
       1. with the venation well developed/
       2. with very reduced venation/
 
#41. fore-wings <with reduced venation, conspicuousness of stigmal
          vein>/
       1. combining greatly reduced venation with a conspicuous,
          blind-ending stigmal vein/
       2. not combining greatly reduced venation with conspicuous
          stigmal vein/
 
#42. fore-wings <conspicuousness of radial cell>/
       1. combining greatly reduced venation with a conspicuous
          <triangular or trapezoidal> radial cell/
       2. not combining greatly reduced venation with a conspicuous
          radial cell/
 
#43. fore-wings <cross-venation> <Braconidae/Ichneumonidae>/
       1. never exhibiting the linking cross-vein distal 2m cu
          <Braconidae>/
       2. always exhibiting the linking cross-vein distal 2 m cu
          <Ichneumonidae>/
 
#44. closed fore-wing cells <number>/
 
#45. submarginal cells <of fore-wings, number>/
 
#46. discoidal cells <of fore-wings, number>/
 
#47. the basal forewing vein (BV) <layout>/
       1. markedly arched/
       2. straightish/
 
#48. hind-wings <shape>/
       1. linear and basally stalked or reduced to the linear stalk/
       2. not linear and not basally stalked <implicit>/
 
#49. hind-wings <whether with complete venation>/
       1. with the venation relatively well developed/
       2. with very reduced venation/
 
#50. hind-wings <presence of cells>/
       1. with closed cells <discounting a narrow costal cell>/
       2. without closed cells <other than a narrow costal one>/
 
#51. hind-wings <elongation of the median cell>/
       1. with the median cell elongated beyond the base of the
          marginal vein <Ichneumonidae>/
       2. with the median cell terminating short of the base of the
          marginal vein <Braconidae>/
 
#52. hind-wings <presence of jugal lobe>/
       1. with a notched jugal lobe/
       2. without a jugal lobe/
 
#53. hind-wings <presence of an anal lobe>/
       1. with an anal lobe/
       2. without an anal lobe/
 
#54. the hind coxae <relative size>/
       1. five to six times the size of the front ones/
       2. not conspicuously larger than the front ones/
 
#55. mid and hind tibiae <number of spurs>/
       1. with one spur only/
       2. with two spurs/
 
#56. mid tibiae <one or two spurs>/
       1. with one spur/
       2. with two spurs/
 
#57. fore tibiae <spur, straight or curved>/
       1. with a straight spur/
       2. with a curved spur <calcar>/
 
#58. fore femur <whether dilated>/
       1. dilated/
       2. not noticeably dilated/
 
#59. hind femur <whether toothed below>/
       1. toothed below/
       2. not toothed below/
 
#60. hind femur <trochantellus>/
       1. with a clear trochantellus/
       2. without a well defined trochantellus/
 
#61. hind femur <toothing>/
       1. simple or 1-toothed beneath/
       2. with a row of teeth beneath/
 
#62. hind tibiae <whether curved around the femora>/
       1. conspicuously curved around the femora/
       2. not curved around the femora/
 
#63. hind tibiae <presence of specialised spurs>/
       1. with spurs specialised for a cleaning rle <see Notes>/
       2. without specialised spurs <spur-less, or with unspecialised
          spurs>/
 
#64. tarsi <number of segments>/
       segmented/
 
#65. hind basitarsi <whether wider than the other tarsal segments>/
       1. wider than the other segments/
       2. not noticeably wider than the other segments/
 
#66. the abdomen <whether sessile or basally constricted>/
       1. broadly sessile at its base, without a marked constriction
          (the insects not noticeably waisted: Symphyta)/
       2. with a marked basal constriction (the insects waisted:
          Apocrita)/
 
#67. the abdomen <basally constricted, whether long-petiolate>/
       1. long petiolate/
       2. short-waisted/
 
#68. the waist <or petiole, whether with scales or nodes>/
       1. with scales or nodes (including forms appearing double- or
          several-waisted)/
       2. simple (node-less and scale-less, neither double- or
          several-waisted) <implicit>/
 
#69. the abdomen <whether extremely laterally compressed>/
       1. very laterally compressed and knife-like/
       2. not extremely laterally compressed and knife-like
          <implicit>/
 
#70. visible abdominal segments <number>/
 
#71. the gaster <fusion of segments>/
       1. with the first two segments fused/
       2. with the first two segments not fused/
 
#72. the second or second and third abdominal tergites <contribution
          to the gaster>/
       1. representing at least half of the gaster/
       2. representing less than half of the gaster/
 
#73. visible abdominal segments <whether metallic>/
       1. highly metallic in appearance/
       2. not highly metallic/
 
#74. the gaster <whether concolorous>/
       1. concolorous/
       2. colour-patterned/
 
#75. the gaster <when concolorous, colour>/
 
#76. the gaster <when not concolourous, colours>/
 
#77. the gaster <position of attachment>/
       1. attached high on the propodeum/
       2. attached low on the propodeum/
 
#78. ovipositor of females <whether visibly protruding>/
       1. visibly protruding/
       2. not visibly protruding <i.e., retractable>/
 
#79. ovipositor of females <constitution>/
       1. adapted for piercing/
       2. adapted for boring/
       3. adapted as a saw/
       4. modified as a retractable sting/
       5. greatly reduced/
 
#80. larvae <whether with legs>/
       1. with segmented <thoracic> legs <usually also with abdominal
          legs>/
       2. legless or the legs vestigial/
 
#81. larvae <life style. See Notes>/
       1. phytophagous/
       2. parasitic on hosts selected by the mother/
       3. predacious <in situations and on victims pre-determined by
          the mother>/
       4. feeding on prey collected and stored by the adults/
       5. feeding on material manufactured by the adults/
 
#82. larvae <association with galls>/
       1. primary inducers of galls/
       2. parasitic on other gall occupants <lodgers in existing
          galls>/
       3. predacious on other gall occupants <lodgers in existing
          galls>/
 
#83. <general comments:>/
 
#84. species in Britain <number>/
 
#85. <genera in Britain:>/
 
#86. Suborder/
       1. Symphyta <sawflies>/
       2. Apocrita/
 
#87. Series <of Apocrita>/
       1. Parasitica/
       2. Aculeata <bees, ants and wasps>/
 
#88. Superfamily <of Symphyta>/
       1. Xyeloidea/
       2. Megalodontoidea/
       3. Siricoidea/
       4. Orussoidea/
       5. Cephoidea/
       6. Tenthredinoidea/
 
#89. Superfamily <of Apocrita>/
       1. Trigonaloidea/
       2. Ichneumonoidea/
       3. Evanioidea/
       4. Cynipoidea/
       5. Chalcidoidea/
       6. Proctotrupoidea/
       7. Ceraphronoidea/
       8. Chrysidoidea <including Bethyloidea>/
       9. Scolioidea/
       10. Formicoidea/
       11. Pompiloidea/
       12. Vespoidea/
       13. Sphecoidea/
       14. Apoidea/
 
#90. abbreviated taxon name:/
 
#91. <illustrations:>/
