*SHOW British Lepidoptera-Geometridae (illustrated from classic works) 
- 30 August 2010. 
 
*ITEM DESCRIPTIONS 
 
# \i{}Abraxas\i0{} <Leach>/
1<\i{}Calospilos, Zerene\i0{}> 3,1-2 6<stout,>,4 8,3 9,1 14,38-48 18,1
22<typically white, spotted and or blotched with grey or black, with a
yellow or orange-ish transverse band or markings and sometimes with a
grey, orange and blue blotch at the anal angle, but exhibiting
yellowish, fuscous and melanic forms> 23,1/2/5/6/17 25,1/2 31,2
34,1<typically white, with grey or black spots and sometimes with a
grey, orange and blue blotch near the anal angle; but exhibiting
yellowish, fuscous and melanic forms> 35<typically white, but exhibiting
yellowish and melanic forms> 36,1/2/5/6/17 38,1-2 40,1<the outer and
submarginal lines usually recognisable as rows of dark spots or blobs>
55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 65,1 66<foliage of \i{}Ribes\i0{}, \i{}Ulmus\i0{},
\i{}Prunus\i0{}> 69,3<one adventive> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,6-8
72<\i{}A. grossulariata \i0{} (Magpie Moth); \i{}A. pantaria\i0{} (The
Panther); \i{}A. sylvata\i0{} (Scarce or Clouded Magpie)> 73,6
75<abraxas> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Acasis\i0{} <Duponchel>/
6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,1 14,25-29 15,1-2 16<about>,1.9 21,2 22<light to dark
olive green, with dark transverse lines incorporating black dots,
sometimes also with whitish lines, and sometimes the median lines joined
by a dark median band> 23,9 25,1<this black> 27,1-2<the dark band
containing two light bands, thus ill-defined> 34,1-2 35<grey> 36,16 38,1
40,1-2<the dark outer line sometimes quite conspicuous> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,2 63,2<females also?> 66<foliage of \i{}Ilex\i0{},
\i{}Hedera\i0{}, \i{}Acer\i0{}, \i{}Cornus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71,5&6/8 72<\i{}A. viretata\i0{} (Yellow-barred
Brindle)> 73,5 75<acasis> 
 
# \i{}Aethalura\i0{} <McDunnough>/
6,2 8,3 14,30-34 18,1 22<light grey, or whitish-fuscous, sprinkled
darker> 23,13/15 25,1<this dark fuscous> 31,1 34,1-2 35<light grey or
whitish-fuscous, sprinkled darker, cf. the forewings> 36,13/15 38,1-2
40,1<with wavy lines, at least outer, often the middle, outer and
submarginal lines expressed more or less sharply> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<foliage of \i{}Betula\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6
72<\i{}Aethalura punctulata\i0{} (Grey Birch Moth)> 73,6 75<aethalur> 
 
# \i{}Agriopis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Anisopteryx\i0{}> 4,1/2 5,1 6,1 7,2 9,1/2<haired> 13,1/2<?>
14,31-44 18,1-2 21,1/4 22<whitish with fuscous variants (\i{}A.
leucophaearia\i0{}), orange-yellow (\i{}A. aurantiaria\i0{}) or light to
dark brown (\i{}A. marginaria\i0{})> 23,2/6/7/11/12/14 25,1<this dark>/2
27,1<\i{}A. leucophaearia\i0{} often with a clearly defined light
band>/2 31,2 34,1-2<depending on conspicuousness of the outer transverse
line> 35<whitish, pale yellowish or light to darkish brown, paler than
the forewings> 36,2/3/4/6/11/12 37,4 38,1/2 40,1<the outer line more or
less conspicuous, and often with a submarginal row of dark dots>/2<these
very faint or detectable only near the hind margin in \i{}A.
leucophaearia\i0{}> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,1 63,3 66<foliage of diverse
deciduous trees> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 
71,2&3<\i{}A. leucophaearia\i0{}, \i{}A. marginaria\i0{}>/10&11<\i{}A.
aurantiaria\i0{}> 72<\i{}A. leucophaearia\i0{} (Spring Usher); \i{}A.
aurantiaria\i0{} (Scarce Umber); \i{}A. marginaria\i0{}(Dotted Border)>
73,6 75<agriopis> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Alcis\i0{} <Curtis>/
6,1 7,2 9,2 14,29-54 18,1/1-2 21,4/3 22<light ochreous brown, sprinkled
dark and sometimes whitish, with dark wavy transverse lines; or
(commonly in some localities) melanic> 23,3/4/11/17/18 25,1<this
blackish, sometimes joined with a costal mark> 31,1 33,1-2 34,1
35<similarly coloured to the forewings - light ochreous brown, sprinkled
dark and sometimes whitish, or (commonly in some localities) melanic>
36,3/4/11/17/18 37,4/3 40,1<with dark wavy lines> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<foliage of \i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Prunus
spinosa\i0{}, etc., or (\i{}jubata\i0{}) on lichens> 69,2<with 3
subspecies of \i{}A. repandata\i0{}> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,7&8
72<\i{}A. jubata\i0{} (Dotted Carpet), \i{}A. repandata \i0{} (Mottled
Beauty)> 73,6 75<alcis> 2,2&3 
 
# \i{}Aleucis\i0{} <Guene>/
6,3-4<stout, flatly sub-dentate> 8<shortly, evenly>,2 14,27-30 18,1
22<blackish grey> 23,16/17 25,1<this dark fuscous> 31,2 34,1-2 35<dark
grey> 36,16 38,1 40,1<with a dark median line, and a dark marginal line
or dotted line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Prunus
spinosa\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2<local> 71<in>,4 72<\i{}A. distinctata\i0{}
(Grey Carpet, Sloe Carpet)> 73,6 75<aleucis> 
 
# \i{}Alsophila\i0{} <Hbner>/
2,2-3<the males commonly attracted to light>
4,1/2 5,2<spider-like> 6,3<serrate> 8<long>,3 9,1 14,34-38 18,1-2 22<dingy
fuscous-brown> 23,12/14 25,1<this dark fuscous, linear> 34,2 35<pale
whitish fuscous> 36,2/13 38,1 40,1<with a faint, pale, sometimes faintly
dark-edged zigzag median line> 47,2 55,1 56,3 58,2 59,1 66<foliage of
\i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Ulmus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3&4
72<\i{}A. aescularia\i0{} (March Moth)> 73,2 75<alsophil> 
 
# \i{}Angerona\i0{} <Duponchel>/
6,1 7,2 9,1 14,42-56 18<slightly>,3/1 21,1/4 22<typically orange in the
male, yellow in the female, but sometimes extensively brown over the
basal and outer thirds> 23,6/7/12 25,1<this dark> 27,1<the band orange
or yellow>/2 31,2 33,1-2 34,1<dark-speckled or brown with an orange
median fascia in males, sometimes yellow with a broad brown margin in
females>/2<in typical females> 35<typically orange in the male and
yellow in the female, but sometimes extensively brown over the outer
third> 36,6/7/12 37,1/4 38,1/2 40,2 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,2 63,3 66<foliage
of \i{}Salix\i0{}, \i{}Prunus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71,6&7
72<\i{}A. prunaria\i0{} (Orange Moth)> 73,6 75<angerona> 2,2&3<the
females tending to fly later than the males>
 
# \i{}Anticlea\i0{} <Stephens>/
1<\i{}Earophila\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 18<slightly>,3/1 22<reddish ochreous brown
or dull purplish> 23,4/12/8 25,1<this black> 27,1<this pale>/2 34,1-2
35<light ochreous grey, terminally purplish in \i{}A. derivata\i0{}>
36,3/15/8&15 38,1<grey or black> 40,1<with faint reddish-grey or dark
striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Rosa\i0{}> 69,2
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3&4/4&5 72<\i{}A. badiata\i0{} (Shoulder
Stripe), \i{}A. derivata\i0{} (The Streamer)> 73,5 75<anticlea> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Anticollix\i0{} <Prout>/
6,4 8,2 9,2<with a short cone of scales> 14,24-26 18,1 22<rather dingy,
light brownish
grey> 23,11/13/15 25,1<this black, connected to the costa by a dark
fuscous streak> 33<somewhat>,1<or wavy> 34,1<similarly to the forewings>
35<brownish grey, like the
forewings> 36,11/13/15 38,1-2 40<conspicuously>,1<with dark, wavy basal,
median and outer lines, and a zigzag marginal one> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Lysimachia\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5<local> 71<in>,6 72<\i{}A. sparsata\i0{} (Dentated Pug)> 73,5
74<the hindwing margins distictly dentate> 75<anticoll> 
 
# \i{}Apeira\i0{} <Gistl>/
1<\i{}Cyphosea, Pericallia\i0{}> 6,1 7,1 9,2<with a tuft of scales>
14,38-42 18<slightly>,4/1 19<sometimes somewhat>,1/2 22<deep ochreous,
suffused yellow towards the middle of the termen, with purplish or
purple to black first and second lines, a ferrugineous or partly black
median and the subterminal whitish-purple towards the costa> 23,4/6 25,2
31,2 32,1-2 33<somewhat>,1 34,1 35<deep ochreous> 36,4 38,2 40,1<with a
straight, dark median and a bent purplish-white and black-dotted outer
line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Ligustrum\i0{},
\i{}Syringa\i0{}, \i{}Lonicera\i0{}, etc.> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8
71<in>,7 72<\i{}A. syringaria\i0{} (Lilac Beauty)> 73,6 75<apeira> 
 
# \i{}Aplasta\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8,2 9,1 14,26-31 16,1.5-1.7 18,1 22<light ochreous> 23,3/4 25,2
34,1-2 35<light ochreous> 36,3/4 38,2 40,1<with one thin median, darker,
sometimes reddish line>/2 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1 66<\i{}Ononis\i0{}>
67,3<in a cocoon spun amongst the leaves of the food-plant> 69,1
70,1<Kent> 71,5&6 72<\i{}A. ononaria\i0{} (Rest Harrow)> 73,3 74<Thorax
glabrous beneath.> 75<aplasta>  
 
# \i{}Aplocera\i0{} <Stephens>/
1<\i{}Anaitis\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 14,35-43 18<slightly>,3/1 22<grey-whitish>
23,2/15 25,2 27,1<this dark-margined, with a continuous pale central
band> 34,2 35<pale fuscous> 36,2/13 38,1<this darker> 40,1<with a faint
postmedian line> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1
66<\i{}Hypericum\i0{}> 69,3<1 adventive> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6/8&9<double brooded> 72<\i{}A. efformata\i0{} (The Lesser
Treble-bar), \i{}A. plagiata\i0{} (The Treble-bar), \i{}A.
praeformata\i0{} (Purple Treble-bar, adventive)> 73,5 74<Front tibiae with
a horny apical hook> 75<aplocera> 
 
# \i{}Apocheima\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Apocheimia, Phigalia\i0{}> 3,1 4,1/2 5,2 6,1 7,1<and pale ochreous,
in \i{}A. hispidaria\i0{}>/2<and blackish, in \i{}A\i0{}. (\i{}Phigalia\i0{}) 
\i{}pilosaria\i0{}> 9,2<roughly
hairy> 13,2 14,35-50 18,1-2 21,2<often very greenish in \i{}A.
pilosaria\i0{}>/4/3 22<light ochreous grey sprinkled black, or pale
ochreous-and-greenish, and transversely marked dark fuscous; with
greenish-blackish melanic forms of \i{}A. pilosaria\i0{} common in some
districts> 23,3/14/16/3&10/17 25,1/2 31,2 34,2 35<usually lighter than
the forewings: whitish or light grey, speckled darker> 36,2/15 38,2
40,1<lines scarcely detectable>/2 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of
\i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Ulmus\i0{}, etc.> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,1-3
72<\i{}A. pilosaria\i0{} (Pale Brindled Beauty, = \i{}Phigalia\i0{}), 
\i{}A. hispidaria\i0{} (Small Brindled Beauty)> 73,6 75<apocheim> 
2,3 
 
# \i{}Archiearis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Brephos\i0{}> 6<shortly>,1/3 8,2 9,2<roughly hairy> 14,31-37
16,1.7-2.2 18,1-2 22<dark fuscous or ochreous-fuscuous> 23,4/12/14 25,1
26,1 34,1<with black inner and marginal bands, and a fascia at the inner
angle> 35<ground colour orange, with black markings> 36,7 38,1<this
blackish> 55,1 59,1/2 66<foliage of \i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Salix\i0{} and
\i{}Populus tremula\i0{}> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3&4 72<\i{}A.
parthenias\i0{} (Orange Underwing); \i{}A. notha\i0{} (Light Orange
Underwing)> 73,1 75<archiear> 2,1<flying in the sunshine, often 
visiting sallow catkins>
 
# \i{}Aspitates\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Aspilates\i0{}, \i{}Semiaspilates\i0{} Wehrli> 
6,1 7,1 9,1 14,28-38 18,1 21,1/4
22<ochreous-yellow, or pale ochreous-yellow, with a darker ochreous or
fuscous postmedian line or with this and another near the base> 23,4/5/6
25,1<this fuscous or grey> 31,2 34,2 35<yellowish-white, paler than the
forewings> 36,2/3/5/6 37,4 38,1 40,1<with only a faint or faint and
incomplete second line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Lotus\i0{},
\i{}Thymus\i0{}, \i{}Potentilla\i0{}, etc.> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9
71<in>,8 72<\i{}A. gilvaria\i0{} (Straw Belle), \i{}A. ochrearia\i0{}
(Yellow Belle, = \i{}Semiaspilates\i0{})> 73,6 75<aspitate> 
 
# \i{}Asthena\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8,2 9,1 14,20-22 18,1 22<whitish, whitish grey or very pale fuscous,
with rather numerous darker striae> 23,2/13/15 25,1<this grey> 34,2
35<coloured like the forewings> 36,2/13/15 38,2 40,1-2<no striae towards
the base, the others obscure or lacking> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2
59,1 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Corylus\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6 72<\i{}A. albulata\i0{} (Small White Wave)> 73,5 75<asthena> 
 
# \i{}Biston\i0{} <Leach>/
1<\i{}Amphidasis, Amphidasys, Eubyja, Pachys\i0{}> 3,1 6<strongly>,1
7,1/2 9,2<hairy or rough-scaled> 13,1/2 14,45-62 15,1 18,1-2 21,4/3
22<whitish, strigulated brown and black, with a brown band after the
second line (\i{}B. strataria\i0{}); white, strigulated and densely
peppered with black (\i{}B. betularia\i0{}), or almost entirely black
(melanic \i{}B. betularia\i0{})> 23,1/2/17/18 25,1<dark>/2 31,2 34,1
35<whitish, peppered grey (especially basally), tinged reddish outside
the second line (\i{}B. strataria\i0{}); white, densely peppered and
lined with black (\i{}B. betularia\i0{}), or mainly black (melanic
\i{}B. betularia\i0{})> 36,1/2/17/18 37,4/3 38,1<perhaps, in \i{}B.
betularia\i0{}>/2 40,1<\i{}B. strataria\i0{} with no first line but a
clear median, the outer lines more or less detectable but usually
incomplete in \i{}B. betularia\i0{}> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
65,1<speckled>/2 66<foliage of \i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Ulmus\i0{},
\i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Salix\i0{}, \i{}Fraxinus\i0{}, etc.> 69,2
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3&4<\i{}B. strataria\i0{}>/5&6 72<\i{}B.
strataria\i0{} (Oak Beauty);\i{} B. betularia\i0{} (Peppered Moth)> 73,6
75<biston> 2,3
 
# \i{}Boarmia\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Dryocoetis\i0{}; = \i{}Hypomecis\i0{} Hbner> 3,1-2 6<strongly>,1 7,2 9,2<with a short tuft of
scales> 14,54-58 18,1 22<whitish or whitish-fuscous, sprinkled fuscous
and black, with conspicuous dark interrupted lines and marks> 23,2/13
25,1<this dark fuscous, before the median> 31,1 34,1 35<coloured like
the forewings> 36,2/13 38,1 40,1<these blackish, the conspicuous median
wavy> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Quercus\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&8<but uncommon> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}B. roboraria\i0{} (Great
Oak Beauty)> 73,6 75<boarmia> 
 
# \i{}Bupalus\i0{} <Leach>/
6<strongly>,1 7,2 9,2 14,35-40 18,1 21,1/4 22<in males cream (usually),
or white, without distinct transverse lines but with blackish transverse
striae, veins, costa, apex and margins; in females, orange with dark
ferrugineous markings and outer margin> 23,1/5/7 25,2 31,1 34<very>,1<in
the males>/2<less so in the females> 35<in males, cream or white with
blackish veins, transverse lines, costal and outer margins; in females
orange with darker, ferrugineous lines and margins> 36,1/5/7 37,4 38,2
40,1<with clear median and postmedian lines, or only the latter> 55,2
58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Pinus\i0{} and \i{}Larix\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,5-7 72<\i{}B. piniaria\i0{} (Bordered
White)> 73,6 75<bupalus> 
 
# \i{}Cabera\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Deilinia\i0{}> 3,1-2 6,1 7,2 9,1 14,29-34 18,1 22<white or
ochreous-white, sprinkled grey, with grey or greyish-ochreous transverse
lines> 23,1/2/3 25,2 31,2<but exhibiting a similar structure in the
hindwing> 34,1-2 35<coloured like the forewings> 36,1/2/3 38,2
40,1<first or first two lines lacking, the other one or two
corresponding with those of the forewings or fainter> 55,2 58,2 59,2
63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Corylus\i0{}, etc.> 69,2
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6 72<\i{}C. pusaria\i0{} (Common White Wave),
\i{}C. exanthemata\i0{} (Common Wave)> 73,6 75<cabera> 
 
# \i{}Campaea\i0{} <Lamarck>/
1<\i{}Metrocampa, Metrocampus\i0{}> 6,1 7,2 14,42-54 18,3 21,2 22<pale
green, with white costal edge and white-edged second and third lines,
and a dull red apical spot in the cilia> 23,9 25,2 27,1<the band of a
somewhat darker green> 31,2 32,1-2 34,1-2 35<coloured green like the
forewings> 36,9 37,2 38,2 40,1<with the white-edged, darker green second
line only> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,2 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Betula\i0{},
\i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Fagus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71<in>,7 72<\i{}C. margaritata\i0{} (Light Emerald)> 73,6 75<campaea> 
2,2&3
 
# \i{}Camptogramma\i0{} <Stephens>/
6,4 9,2 14,28-32 18<slightly>,3/1 21,1/4 22<usually deep yellow or
orange, varying to yellowish brown, with fuscous striae> 23,4/6/7 25,2
34,2 35<usually yellow or yellow-orange, varying to yellowish brown>
36,4/6/7 37,1/4 38,2 40,1<with several fairly obscure, complete or
incomplete lines> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Rumex\i0{}, etc.> 69,1<four sub-species>
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,6&7 72<\i{}C. bilineata\i0{} (Yellow
Shell)> 73,5 75<camptogr> 
 
# \i{}Carsia\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Celma\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 14,24-30 18<slightly>,3/1 22<brown-grey, with
a ferrugineous band towards the termen> 23,14 25,1<this grey>/2
27,1<this dark, with a once-interrupted pale band within it> 34,2
35<pale grey, rosy-tinged> 36,8&15 38,2 40<faintly>,1-2 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Vaccinium\i0{}> 69,1
70,4&5&6&7&8<common> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}C. sororiata\i0{} (Manchester
Treble-bar)> 73,5 75<carsia> 
 
# \i{}Catarhoe\i0{} <Herbulot>/
6,4 9,2 14,26-31 18,1-2 22<rosy-reddish brown (\i{}C. rubidata\i0{}), or
very pale ochreous-whitish> 23,2/3/8/12 25,1<this black or grey>/2 34,2
35<whitish, or grey (\i{}C. rubidata\i0{})> 36,2/16/15 38,1<this dark>
40,1<with one to several, complete or incomplete, faint to clear dark
striae> 47,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Galium\i0{}> 69,2
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8 71<in>,6 72<\i{}Catarhoe cuculata \i0{} (Royal Mantle),
\i{}C. rubidata\i0{} (Ruddy Carpet, The Flame)> 73,5 75<catarhoe> 
 
# \i{}Cepphis\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,1 7,1 14,27-30 18,3 22<whitish-ochreous, sprinkled fuscous, with
somewhat darker lines and banding> 23,2/3/4 25,1<this fuscous> 31,2
32<somewhat>,2 34,1-2 35<coloured and patterned like the forewings>
36,2/3/4 38,1 40,1<but lacking the first line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<\i{}Salix\i0{}, \i{}Rubus\i0{}, \i{}Vaccinium\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4
71<in>,6 72<\i{}C. advenaria\i0{} (Little Thorn)> 73,6 75<cepphis> 
 
# \i{}Chesias\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Eucestia\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 14,34-38 15,1 18,1 22<rather dark brown or
light fuscous> 23,12/13 25,2 34,2 35<grey or brownish grey, sometimes
terminally darker> 36,14/16/13/15 38,1/2 40<faintly>,1<\i{}C.
rufata\i0{}>/2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Cytissus\i0{}> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,9&10 72<\i{}C.
legatella\i0{} (The Streak), \i{}C. rufata\i0{} (Broom-tip)> 73,5 74<The
forewings relatively elongate, the front tibiae with a horny apical
hook> 75<chesias> 2,1&2&3
 
# \i{}Chlorissa\i0{} <Stephens>/
6,4<filiform> 8,2 9,1 14,24-27 16,1.6-1.8 18,1 21,2 22<green> 23,9 25,2
32,2 34,1 35<green> 36,9 37,2 38,2 40,1<with a contrasty, light second
line> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1 63,2<female not recorded> 66<heather,
sallow, birch, hawthorn> 67,3<within leaves of the food-plant drawn
together by silken strands> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5<local> 71,5&6 72<\i{}C.
viridata\i0{} (Small Grass Emerald)> 73,3 75<chloriss> 
 
# \i{}Chlorochlamys\i0{} <Hulst>/
27,U 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1 69,1<adventive> 72<\i{}C.
chloroleucaria\i0{} (Blackberry Looper, adventive from N. America, with
a single old British record)> 73,3 75<chloroch>
 
# \i{}Chloroclysta\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Dysstroma, Euthalia, Polyphasia\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 18<slightly>,3/1
21,2 22<green, light or dark fuscous, brown or ochreous> 23,4/9/12/13/14
25,1<this dark> 27,1<the band sometimes darkly conspicuous, sometimes
light-and-dark>/2 34,2 35<whitish, brownish-grey, light greenish-grey,
or light grey> 36,2/10/13/15 37,4 38,1-2 40,1<sometimes with a faint,
pale postmedian line, sometimes with two or three fairly conspicuous
dark lines>/2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Salix\i0{},
\i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Crataegus\i0{}, also
\i{}Fragaria\i0{}> 69,5 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6/6-9/9-12<and
hibernating>/1-5<when hibernating> 72<\i{}C. citrata\i0{} (Dark Marbled
Carpet), \i{}C. concinnata\i0{} (Arran Carpet), \i{}C. miata\i0{}
(Autumn Green Carpet), \i{}C. siterata\i0{} (Red-green Carpet), \i{}C.
truncata\i0{} (Common Marbled Carpet)> 73,5 75<chlorocl> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Chloroclystis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Calliclystis\i0{}; excluding \i{}Pasiphila\i0{} Meyrick> 
6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,2 14,18-22 18,1 21,2
22<dull green, striated darker; the second fascia blackish on
the dorsum, the median band anteriorly angulated and partially
blackish, posteriorly twice-angulated and blacker in the upper half,
the upper angle constituting a characteristic black V>
23,9/10 25,1<this dark, but submerged
in the blackening of the median band in its vicinity>
34,2 35<pale grey, with obscurely darker striae> 36,13/15
38,2 40,1<the several darker lines faint> 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2
59,1 63,3 65,1<with black basal and sub-basal rings> 
66<flowers of \i{}Clematis\i0{}, various \i{}Compositae\i0{}, etc. 
(polyphagous)> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71,5&6&7
72<\i{}C. v-ata\i0{} (The V-pug)> 73,5 75<chclysti> 
 
# \i{}Cidaria\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Harpalyce\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 21,1 22<deep, bright yellow, with a dark
angulated median band> 23,6 25,2 27,1<this strongly angulated, contrasty
reddish brown, with a small costal yellow blotch> 34,2 35<pale
whitish-yellowish> 36,3/5/6 37,4 38,2 40,2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2
59,1 66<\i{}Rosa\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71<in>,7 72<\i{}C.
fulvata\i0{} (Barred Yellow)> 73,5 75<cidaria> 
 
# \i{}Cleora\i0{} <Curtis>/
6,1 7,2 14,35-40 18,1 22<pale brownish, greyish or pale fuscous, with
dark transverse markings and a dark basal shade within the black first
line> 23,13/15/11 25,1<this whitish, on the median> 26,1-2 31,1 34,1-2
35<coloured like the forewings, but without the first line and basal
shade> 36,13/15/11 38,1 40,1<the median and outer lines conspicuous to
fairly obscure> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Erica\i0{}>
69,1<2 subspecies> 70,1&2&3&4&5&8&9 71,5&6 72<\i{}C. cinctaria\i0{}
(Ringed Carpet)> 73,6 75<cleora> 
 
# \i{}Cleorodes\i0{} <Warren>/
6,1 7,1 9,1 14,34-38 18,1 22<whitish, sprinkled black and suffusedly
strigulated dull greenish> 23,2&10 25,1<this blackish-green> 31,1 34,1
35<coloured as forewings> 36,2&10 38,1<this grey> 40,1<the dark median
and marginal lines dark and sinuate> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<lichens>
69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71<in>,7 72<\i{}C. lichenaria\i0{} (Brussels
Lace)> 73,6 75<cleorode> 
 
# \i{}Coenocalpe\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Coenocalphe\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 14,28-30 18<slightly>,3/1 22<pale
brownish with darker striae> 23,11 25,2 33,1-2 34,2 35<pale ash-grey>
36,15 38,2 40,1<with two or more faint, dark lines> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<grasses> 69,1 70,6&7&9 71,5&6 72<\i{}C.
lapidata\i0{} (Slender-striped Rufous)> 73,5 75<coenocal> 
 
# \i{}Colostygia\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Amaebe, Amoebe, Calostigia, Erinobia \i0{}> 6,1 9,2 14,25-34
18<slightly>,3/1 21,2 22<green, or whitish-ochreous (\i{}C.
multistrigaria\i0{}), with dark lines> 23,2-3/9/10 25,1<this dark>
27,1<the band somewhat darker green, sometimes brown to blackish>/2<or
only very faintly distinguished> 34,2 35<grey, or whitish-ochreous>
36,2/3/16/15 37,4 38,1/2 40,1<with pale postmedian and subterminal
lines>/2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Galium\i0{},
\i{}Asperula\i0{}> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3&4/5&6/7&8 72<\i{}C.
multistrigaria\i0{} (Mottled Grey), \i{}C. olivata \i0{} (Beech-green
Carpet), \i{}C. pectinataria\i0{} (Green Carpet)> 73,5 75<colostyg> 
 
# \i{}Colotois\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Himera, Metra\i0{}> 3,1-2 6<very strongly>,1 7,1 9,2<roughly
hairy> 11,1 13,2 14,46-50 18,3 22<the male rich reddish-ochreous,
sprinkled fuscous, the female paler, both with dark first and second
lines, a discal spot, and a whitish or grey subapical spot> 23,4
25,1<this dark fuscous> 31,2 34,1/2<the line being sharper in the male>
35<coloured similarly to the forewings, but paler, especially basally>
36,3-4 38,1 40,1<with a median line only> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage
of \i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Fagus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,10&11 72<\i{}C. pennaria\i0{} (Feathered Thorn)> 73,6 75<colotois> 
2,3<much attracted to light>
 
# \i{}Comibaena\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Harpalyce\i0{}> 6,1 7,2 9,1 14,29-33 16,1.6-1.7 18,1 21,2
22<green> 23,9 25,2 34,1<with a terminal series of brown or orange-ish,
white-bordered crescentic marks, enlarged at apex and tornus> 35<green>
36,9 37,2 38,2 40,1<with a dark terminal line> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1
63,3 66<foliage of oak, disguising themselves with attached bud scales>
67,3<in a silken cocoon incorporating leaf fragments, attached to the
stem of the foodplant> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5<scarce> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}C.
bajularia\i0{} (Blotched Emerald)> 73,3 75<comibaen> 2,2-3<attracted to
light> 
 
# \i{}Cosmorhoe\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Lyncometra\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 14,28-30 18,1 22<ochreous-white, with a
dark basal fascia and median band> 23,1/3/5 25,1<this black> 27,1<this
mostly black and leaden grey, and very contrasty on the pale wing> 34,2
35<ochreous-white, with a narrowly pale brownish termen> 36,2-3
38,1<this dark grey> 40,2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<Galium> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71<in>,6/7 72<\i{}C. ocellata\i0{}
(Purple Bar)> 73,5 75<cosmorho> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Costaconvexa\i0{} <Agenjo>/
6,4 9,2 14,25-27 22<pale greyish-ochreous, with dark striae> 23,3/13
25,1<this dark, often pale-ringed> 27,1-2<the band darker, or lightened
within and scarcely distinguished> 34,1 35<pale greyish ochreous>
36,3/13 38,2 40<with rather numerous, quite dark lines> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Galium\i0{}?> 69,1<adventive>
70<East>,4<Cambridgeshire - extinct?> 71,4&8<double brooded> 72<\i{}C.
polygrammata\i0{} (Many-lined Moth)> 73,5 75<costacon> 
 
# \i{}Crocallis\i0{} <Treitschke>/
3,1 6,1 7,1 9,2<with dense, projecting scales> 13,1/2 14,40-46
18<slightly>,3/1 19,1<less so than in \i{}Odontopera\i0{}> 22<pale
ochreous or cream, with dark first and second lines enclosing a
shaded-brownish median band and a blackish, sometimes pale-centred
discal spot> 23,3/5 25,1 26,1/2 27,1-2<the band somewhat darker, but
lighter in the middle> 31,2 34,2 35<coloured like the forewings, or
paler> 36,3/5 38,1 39,2 40,1<with a faint median line>/2 55,2 58,2 59,2
63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Corylus\i0{}, \i{}Prunus spinosa\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,7&8 72<\i{}C. elinguaria \i0{}
(Scalloped Oak)> 73,6 75<crocalli> 2,3
 
# \i{}Cyclophora\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Codonia, Cosymbia, Ephyra, Leucophthalmia\i0{}> 6,1 7,2 9,1
14,(22-)24-32(-34) 15,1-2 18,1/3 22<whitish, greyish-whitish, yellowish
whitish, or pale or reddish ochreous> 23,2/3/4/15 25,1/2 26<when
present,>,1<often>/2 27,1<this purplish or brown>/2 32,1/1-2
34,1<mostly>/2 35<coloured like the forewings> 36,2/3/4/15 38,1/2
39<when present,>,1 40,1<mostly, sharply>/2 47,1 55,1 56,2 58,1 59,1
63,2<the females with all four spurs> 67,3<attached to a leaf by the
tail, and sometimes with a silken girdle> 69,7 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6/8 72<\i{}C. pendularia\i0{} (Dingy Mocha), \i{}C.
albipunctata\i0{} (Birch Mocha), \i{}C. annularia\i0{} (Mocha), \i{}C.
porata\i0{} (False Mocha), \i{}C. punctaria\i0{} (Maiden's Blush),
\i{}C. linearia\i0{} (Clay Triple-lines), \i{}C. puppillaria\i0{}
(Blairs Mocha)> 73,4 74<comparisons of Newman, Meyrick and Edelsten
\i{}et al\i0{}. with the Bradley et al. (1972) edition of Kloet and
Hincks's check list reveal horrendous nomenclatural confusion over
\i{}Timandra\i0{}, \i{}Cyclophora\i0{}, \i{}Colothysanis\i0{} and
\i{}Scopula\i0{}; see especially the Blood-vein and the Maiden's Blush,
for which identical nomenclatural combinations have been freely
interchanged> 75<cyclopho> 2,2&3 
 
# \i{}Deileptenia\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,1 7,2 9,2<loosely scaled> 14,44-48 18,1 22<pale ochreous, suffused
brown or dark grey, with conspicuous dark fuscous transverse lines>
23,3/12/16 25,1<this dark fuscous> 31,2 34,1-2 35<coloured like the
forewings> 36,3/12/16 38,1 40,1<but the first line absent and the others
less distinct than in the forewings> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,1<the crest low,
double> 63,3 66<conifers and \i{}Taxus\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5<local>
71<in>,7 72< \i{}D. ribeata\i0{} (Satin Beauty)> 73,6 75<deilepte> 
 
# \i{}Discoloxia\i0{} <Warren>/
6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,1 14,24-28 22<light grey or whitish, dusted fuscous,
with dark striae and an ochreous-orange-ish fascia near the apex>
23,2/15 25,1<this blackish> 34,2 35<light grey or whitish, dusted
fuscous> 36,2/15 38,2 40,1<with dark striae> 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?>
58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Ulmus\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&3&4&5 71,6&7 72<\i{}D.
blomeri\i0{} (Blomer's Rivulet)> 73,5 75<discolox> 
 
# \i{}Dyscia\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Maesia, Moesia, Scodiona\i0{}> 6,1 7,1 9,1 14,33-40 18,1 22<light
to dark greyish ochreous, sprinkled dark fuscous, with a fuscous
postmedian transverse bar and another near the base, and a dark discal
spot> 23,14/13/15 25,1 26,1/2 31,2 34,1-2 35<coloured like the
forewings> 36,14/13/15 38,1 40,1<the first line absent, a dark
postmedian one present> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Erica\i0{},
\i{}Calluna\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<local> 71<in>,6 72<\i{}D.
fagaria\i0{} (Grey Scalloped Bar)> 73,6 75<dyscia> 
 
# \i{}Ecliptopera\i0{} <Warren>/
6,4 9,2 18<slightly>,3/1 22<dark fuscous or umber, with darker striae>
23,12/14 25,1<this blackish> 27,1<the dark band sometimes narrowly
divided across the middle> 34,2 35<light grey> 36,15 38,1<this darker>
40,1<with one or two darker striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1
63,3 66<\i{}Epilobium\i0{}, \i{}Circaea\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6 72<\i{}E. silaceata\i0{} (Small Phoenix)> 73,5 75<ecliptop> 
 
# \i{}Ectropis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Tephrosia\i0{}, including \i{}Paradarisa\i0{} and \i{}Parectropis\i0{}> 
6,2 8,3<with two short, acute, fasciculately
ciliated processes on each side of each joint> 14,33-44 18,1 22<whitish
or whitish-fuscous, with numerous dark strigulae> 23,2/13 25,1/2 31,1
33,1-2 34,1 35<coloured as forewings, with fewer and fainter transverse
lines> 36,2/13 38,1-2 40,1 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<diverse deciduous
trees, also \i{}Pinus\i0{}> 69,4 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3-6 72<\i{}E.
crepuscularia\i0{} (Small Engrailed, including \i{}E. bistortata\i0{} (The 
Engrailed), \i{}E. consonaria \i0{}
(= \i{}Paradarisa\i0{}, Square-spot), \i{}E. similaria\i0{} 
(Brindled White-spot, = \i{}Parectropis\i0{})> 73,6 75<ectropis> 2,2&3
74<\i{}Parectropis\i0{} (\i{}E. similaria\i0{}) is distinguished by forewings 
with a white median subterminal spot, and \i{}Paradarisa\i0{} (\i{}E. consonaria\i0{})
has forewings with a distinct discal mark which is lacking in \i{}E. crepuscularia\i0{}.>
 
# \i{}Electrophaes\i0{} <Prout>/
6,4 9,2 18<slightly>,3/1 22<pale whitish- or yellowish-brown, usually
with a dark brown and white-edged, sometimes broken, median band>
23,2/3/4/11 25,1<this blackish> 27<usually>,1<this dark, sometimes
broken>/2<in ab. \i{}albocrenata\i0{}> 34,2 35<very pale fuscous>
36,2/13 38,1<this darker grey> 40,1<with a faint, pale but darker-edged
postmedian fascia> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Crataegus\i0{}, \i{}Prunus\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6
72<\i{}E. corylata\i0{} (Broken-barred Carpet)> 73,5 75<electrop> 
 
# \i{}Ematurga\i0{} <Lederer>/
6<strongly>,1 7,2 9,2 14,26-34 18,1 22<ochreous, yellow-ochreous,
yellowish white or whitish, with dark transverse lines and bands>
23,2/3/5 25,2 31,1 34,1 35<coloured and (more or less) patterned like
the forewings> 36,2/3/5 38,1<this dark ferrugineous>/2
40,1<conspicuously, darkly, broad-lined> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<\i{}Erica\i0{}, \i{}Lotus\i0{}, \i{}Trifolium\i0{}> 69,1<2
subspecies> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5-7 72<\i{}E. atomaria\i0{} (Common
Heath)> 73,6 75<ematurga> 2,1
 
# \i{}Ennomos\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Deuteronomos, Eugonia, Odoptera\i0{}> 3<mainly>,1 6,1 7,1 9,2<with
dense, projecting scales> 13,1/2 14,38-52 18,4 19,1<often>/2 21,1/4
22<ochreous, light ochreous, ochreous-orange, reddish-ochreous,
yellow-ochreous, or more or less yellow, usually stigulated or sprinkled
fuscous and with sharp, fuscous first and second lines> 23,3/4/6/7 25,1
31,2 32,2-3/1<or sometimes almost so, e.g. in\i{} E. quercinaria\i0{}>
33,1<sometimes>/2 34,1-2<the markings usually faint> 35<coloured like
the forewings> 36,3/4/6/7 37,1/4 38,1-2 39<when present,>,1/2 40,1-2<the
first line lacking, the second often faint or absent> 55,2 58,2 59,2
63,3 66<foliage of diverse deciduous trees> 69,6<one adventive>
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,8&9/8-10 72<\i{}E. alniaria\i0{}
(Canary-shouldered Thorn), \i{}E. autumnaria\i0{} (Large Thorn), \i{}E.
erosaria\i0{} (September Thorn), \i{}E. fuscantaria\i0{} (Dusky Thorn),
\i{}E. quercaria\i0{} (Clouded August Thorn, adventive
based on unconfirmed old records), 
\i{}E. quercinaria\i0{} (August Thorn), \i{}E. subsignaria \i0{}
(N. American adventive)> 73,6 75<ennomos> 2,2&3<commonly attracted 
to light>
 
# \i{}Entephria\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Glaucopteryx\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 18,1 22<grey, with dark transverse
markings and/or yellowish bars> 23,15/16 25,1<this blackish> 27,1-2<the
band somewhat darker to scarcely distinguished> 34,2 35<pale fuscous
grey> 36,13/15 38,1/2 40,1<with clear to obscure dark lines towards the
hind margin> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Calluna\i0{}, \i{}Vacciniium\i0{}, \i{} Saxifraga\i0{}> 69,2
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}E. caesiata\i0{} (Grey Mountain
Carpet), \i{}E. flavicinctata\i0{} (Yellow-ringed Carpet)> 73,5
75<entephri> 2,2&3 
 
# \i{}Epione\i0{} <Duponchel>/
6,1 7,2 9,1 14,26-31 18<slightly>,3/1 21,1/4 22<orange-yellow,
strigulated and sometimes veined ferrugineous, with dark first and
second lines and a purplish or reddish-brown terminal or subterminal
band> 23,6/7 25,1<this black> 31,2 32<somewhat>,2 34,1 35<coloured and
mainly patterned like the forewings> 36,6/7 37,1/4 38,1 40,1<but the
first line lacking> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,2 63,3 66<foliage of
\i{}Salix\i0{}, \i{}Corylus\i0{}, etc.> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,7-9
72<\i{}E. repandaria\i0{} (Bordered Beauty), \i{}E. vespertaria\i0{}
(Dark Bordered Beauty)> 73,6 75<epione> 
 
# \i{}Epirrhoe\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8,2 9,2<with a slight cone of scales> 14,24-34 18<slightly>,3/1
22<white or ochreous-whitish> 23,1/2/3 25,1<this black or dark> 27,1<the
band dark> 34,1-2 35<coloured similarly to the forewings> 36,1/2/3
38,1/2 40<conspicuously to fairly inconspicuously>,1 47,2 48,2 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Galium\i0{}> 69,5
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,5-7 72<\i{}E. alternata alternata\i0{}
(Common Carpet), \i{}E. galiata\i0{} (Galium Carpet), \i{}E. rivata\i0{}
(Wood Carpet), \i{}E. tristata\i0{} (Small Argent and Sable)> 73,5
75<epirrhoe> 
 
# \i{}Epirrita\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Oporabia, Oporinia\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 9,1 14,28-40 18,1/1-2 22<pale
grey or fuscous, with darker transverse markings> 23,14/16/13/15 25,1/2
34,2 35<light grey, paler than the forewings> 36,15 38,2 40,1<with two
obscure posterior striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<diverse deciduous trees and shrubs, \i{}Calluna\i0{}> 69,4
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,9-11 72<\i{}E. autumnata\i0{} (The Autumnal
Moth), \i{}E. christyi\i0{} (Pale November Moth), \i{}E. dilutata\i0{}
(November Moth), \i{}E. filigrammaria\i0{} (Small Autumnal Moth)> 73,5
75<epirrita> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Erannis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Hibernia, Hybernia, Lampetia\i0{}> 2,2-3 4,1/2 
5,2<the body light grey with contrasty black markings>
6<shortly>,1<the short pectinations fasciculate-ciliate> 7,2 8,3
9,2<haired> 13,1/2<?> 14,40-45 18,1-2 22<whitish-ochreous, strigulated
dark fuscous, with reddish-ochreous, ferrugineous, darkly fuscous or
purplish-fuscous basal and post-median bands; or dark ochreous to
ferrugineous, darkly speckled and/or strigulated> 23,3/4/11
25,1<usually, this blackish>/2 31,2 34<somewhat>,1-2
35<whitish-ochreous, sprinkled grey> 36,2/3 
38,1<this dark> 40,1-2 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,1
63,3 65,1<grey with black spots, in the female>/2<in the male>
66<foliage of diverse deciduous trees and shrubs> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,10-12 72<\i{}E. defoliaria\i0{} (Mottled Umber)>
73,6 75<erannis> 
 
# \i{}Euchoeca\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,1 14,23-25 18,1 22<light ochreous to fuscous, with
darker transverse lines> 23,3/14/13 25,2 34,2 35<light ochreous to
fuscous> 36,3/14/13 38,2 40,2 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Alnus\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&8&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}E. nebulata\i0{}
(Dingy Shell)> 73,5 75<euchoeca> 
 
# \i{}Eulithis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Euphia, Lygris, Steganolophia\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 9,1-2 14,33-42
18<slightly>,3/1 21,1/4 22<brown, ochreous yellow or reddish-grey>
23,4/5/6/8/12 25,2 27,1<then the band dark, sometimes lighter down the
middle>/2 34,1/2 35<grey, greyish-white or pale yellowish>
36,2/3/5/16/15 37,1/4 38,2 40,1/2<lines clear in \i{}E. prunata\i0{},
faint or lacking in \i{}E. populata\i0{}> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2
59,1 63,3 66<woody Dicots - \i{}Ribes\i0{}, \i{}Salix\i0{},
\i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Calluna\i0{}, \i{}Vaccinium\i0{}; also
\i{}Galium\i0{} (\i{}E. populata\i0{})> 69,5 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,7&8
72<\i{}E. mellinata\i0{} (The Spinach), \i{}E. populata\i0{} (The
Northern Spinach), \i{}E. prunata\i0{} (The Phoenix), E. pyraliata (The
Barred Straw), \i{}, E. testata\i0{} (The Chevron)> 73,5 75<eulithis> 
2,2&3<commonly attracted to light>
 
# \i{}Euphyia\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 9,2 14,27-30 18,1 22<brown, fuscous or dull olive-green>
23,9/10/12/14 25,1<this black, linear> 27,1<this darker, but the inner
margin less clearly distinguished than the outer one> 34,1-2 35<whitish,
pale fuscous or light grey, striated grey> 36,2/13/15 38,1<this dark>
40,1 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Stellaria\i0{}> 69,2
70,1&2&3&4&5&8&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}E. biangulata\i0{} (Short-cloak Carpet,
Cloaked Carpet),
\i{}E. unangulata\i0{} (Sharp-angled Carpet)> 73,5 75<euphyia> 
 
# \i{}Eupithecia\i0{} <Curtis>/
1<\i{}Aragonia, Arcyonia, Dyscymatoge, Encymatoge, Eucymatoge,
Leucocora, Tarachia, Tephroclystia\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 9,2<with a short cone
of scales> 14,16-28(-36) 15,1-2 18,1/1-2 21,4 22<diverse in colour 
but not green,
usually more or less conspicuously transversely patterned>
23,2/3/4/5/11/12/13/14/15/16 25,1/2 27,1<very rarely, with a
dark band - \i{}E. pulchellata\i0{}>/2 34,1-2<like or unlike the
forewings> 35<diverse in colour but not green, like or somewhat 
unlike the forwings>
36,2/3/4/5/11/12/13/14/15/16 37,4 38,1-2 40,1<usually, the lines
sharp to faint>/2 47,2 48,1<in \i{}Eucymatoge\i0{}>/2<mostly> 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 65,1/2 66<foliage, flowers and seeds of diverse
Dicot herbs and trees, also conifers> 69<about>,50<with one or two 
adventives>
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,4&5/5-8<sometimes double brooded>/8-10
72<\i{}E. abbreviata\i0{} (Brindled Pug),
\i{}E. absinthiata\i0{} (Wormwood Pug),
\i{}E. abietaria\i0{} (Cloaked Pug),
\i{}E. assimilata\i0{} (Currant Pug),
\i{}E. cauchiata\i0{} (Guenes Pug, rare adventive figured by Newman),
\i{}E. centaureata\i0{} (Lime-speck Pug),
\i{}E. denotata\i0{} (Campanula Pug),
\i{}E. distinctaria\i0{} (Thyme Pug),
\i{}E. dodoneata\i0{} (Oak-tree Pug),
\i{}E. egenaria\i0{} (adventive, not illustrated),
\i{}E. exiguata\i0{} (Mottled Pug),
\i{}E. expallidata\i0{} (Bleached Pug),
\i{}E. extensaria\i0{} (Scarce Pug),
\i{}E. fraxinata\i0{} (Ash Pug),
\i{}E. goossensiata\i0{} (Ling pug),
\i{}E. haworthiata\i0{} (Haworth's Pug),
\i{}E. icterata\i0{} (Tawny-speckled Pug),
\i{}E. indigata\i0{} (Ochreous Pug),
\i{}E. innotata\i0{} (Angle-barred Pug),
\i{}E. insigniata\i0{} (Pinion-spotted Pug),
\i{}E. intricata\i0{} (Edinburgh Pug),
\i{}E. inturbata\i0{} (Maple Pug,
\i{}E. irriguata\i0{} (Marbled Pug),
\i{}E. lariceata\i0{} (Larch Pug),
\i{}E. linariata\i0{} (Toadflax Pug),
\i{}E. millefoliata\i0{} (Yarrow Pug),
\i{}E. nanata\i0{} (Narrow-winged Pug),
\i{}E. pimpinellata\i0{} (Pimpinel Pug),
\i{}E. plumbeolata\i0{} (Lead-coloured Pug),
\i{}E. pulchellata\i0{} (Foxglove Pug),
\i{}E. pusillata\i0{} (Juniper Pug),
\i{}E. phoeniceata\i0{} (rare adventive, not illustrated),
\i{}E. pygmaeata\i0{} (Marsh Pug),
\i{}E. satyrata\i0{} (Satyr Pug, Beech Pug),
\i{}E. simpliciata\i0{} (Plain Pug),
\i{}E. subfuscata\i0{} (Grey Pug),
\i{}E. subumbrata\i0{} (Shaded Pug),
\i{}E. succenturiata\i0{} (Bordered Pug),
\i{}E. tamarisciata\i0{} (~ \i{}innotata\i0{}; adventive, not illustrated),
\i{}E. tantillaria\i0{} (Dwarf Pug),
\i{}E. tenuiata\i0{} (Slender Pug),
\i{}E. tripunctaria\i0{} (White-spotted Pug)
\i{}E. trisignaria\i0{} (Triple-spotted Pug),
\i{}E. valerianata\i0{} (Valerian Pug),
\i{}E. venosata\i0{} (Netted Pug),
\i{}E. virgaureata\i0{} (Golden-rod Pug),
\i{}E. vulgata\i0{} (Common Pug).>
73,5 75<eupithec> 
 
# \i{}Eustroma\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8,2 9,1-2 14,24-28 18<slightly>,3/1 22<dark fuscous, with seven
ochreous-whitish transverse lines> 23,14 25,2 34,2 35<pale fuscous>
36,13 38,1<this dark grey in the female, yellow-ochreous in the male>
40,1<with whitish postmedian and subterminal lines> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Impatiens\i0{}> 69,1 70,5<North-west>
71<in>,7 72<\i{}E. reticulatum\i0{} (Netted Carpet)> 73,5 75<eustroma> 
 
# \i{}Fagivorina\i0{} <Wehrli>/
6,1 7,2 14,34-37 18,1 22<ochreous-whitish, light brownish basally; with
blackish lines and marks> 23,2-3/11 25,1<this black, beyond the median>
31,1 34,1<notably with three black marks on the inner margin>
35<brownish-whitish> 36,1/11 38,1<this black> 40,1-2<the lines obscure
grey, or not detectable> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<lichens on
\i{}Quercus\i0{} and \i{}Betula\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2<last found in 1872>
71<in>,6 72<\i{}F. arenaria\i0{} (Speckled Beauty, believed extinct)> 
73,6 75<fagivori> 
 
# \i{}Geometra\i0{} <Linnaeus>/
2,3<readily attracted to light>
3,1<in the female>/2 6,1 7,1 9,1 14,50-64 16,1.4-1.5 18,1 21,2 22<green>
23,9 25,1<this darker green, linear> 33,1 34,1 35<green> 36,9 37,2
38,1<this darker green> 40,1<second and subterminal lines whitish, waved
or dotted> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Betula\i0{},
\i{}Corylus\i0{} and \i{}Fagus\i0{}, both before and after hibernation>
67,2<in a flimsy silken web, among dead leaves> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<rather common> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}G. papilionaria\i0{}
(Large Emerald)> 73,3 75<geometra>

#\i{}Glacies\i0{} <Millire>/
1<\i{}Psodos\i0{}, \i{}Psoidos\i0{}, \i{}Psolos\i0{}> 
6,4<stout> 8<shortly>,2 9,2<with long, rough
hairs> 14,25-27 18,1 21,4/3 22<dark grey, with blackish basal fascia and
transverse banding> 23,16/17 25,1<this black> 31,2 34,1<the blackish
basal fascia and broad median and marginal bands contrasting with the
grey background> 35<coloured like the forewings> 36,16/17 37,4/3 38,2
40,1 47,- 48,- 49<forewings lacking vein 10> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<mosses?> 67,2<without a cocoon> 69,1 70,6&7<montane> 71<in>,7
72<\i{}G. coracina\i0{} (Black Mountain Moth), \i{}Psodos
quadrifaria\i0{}> 73,6 75<glacies> 2,1
 
# \i{}Gnophos\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Charissa, Sciadon, Scotopteryx\i0{}> 6,3-4<stout, flatly
sub-dentate> 8<shortly, evenly>,2 14,30-38<\i{}G.
obscuratus\i0{}>/48-54<\i{}G. obfuscaria\i0{}> 18,1-2 22<grey or
brown-grey, lined and sprinkled black, or fuscous and strigulated>
23,14/16/13/15/11 25,1 26,1 31,2 33,1-2 34,1/2 35<coloured like the
forewings, but lacking the first line> 36,14/16/13/15/11 38,1 39,1/2
40,1 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Poterium\i0{}, \i{}Helianthemum\i0{},
\i{}Genista\i0{}, \i{}Calluna\i0{}> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,7&8
72<\i{}G. obscuratus\i0{} (Annulet or Dark Annulet, 
= \i{}Charissa\i0{}) Curtis, \i{}G.
obfuscatus\i0{} (Scotch Annulet)> 73,6 75<gnophos> 
 
# \i{}Gymnoscelis\i0{} <Mabille>/
1<\i{}Lyncometra\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 9,2<with a short cone of scales> 14,16-22
18,1 22<pale brownish-ochreous, striated fuscous> 23,3/11 25,1<this
dark, transversely elongate> 34,1 35<coloured and marked like 
the forewings> 36,3/11 38,1-2
40,1 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,2<in females also?> 66<flowers
of \i{}Ulex\i0{}, \i{}Cytissus\i0{}, \i{}Erica\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,4&5/7&8 73,5 72<\i{}G. rufifasciata\i0{}
(Double-striped Pug)> 75<gymnosce> 
 
# \i{}Hemistola\i0{} <Warren>/
6,1 7,2 9,1 16,1.6-1.9 18,1 22<green> 23,9 25,2 34,1-2 35<green> 36,9
38,2 40,1<no first line, the second curved, white> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1
59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Clematis\i0{}> 67,3<between leaves drawn together by
silken strands> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4<fairly common> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}H.
chrysoprasaria\i0{} (Small Emerald)> 73,3 75<hemistol> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Hemithea\i0{} <Duponchel>/
6,3 8,2 9,1 14,29-34 16,1.7-1.8 18,1/3 21,2 22<green> 23,9 25,2 32,2
34,1<via a chequered marginal line> 35<green> 36,9 37,2 38,1/2 40,1<the
first line faint or absent> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1 63,2<likewise the
female> 66<first on various low-growing plants, the after hibernation on
foliage of birch, blackthorn, oak and other deciduous trees and shrubs>
67,3<in a loose silken cocoon spun amongst the foliage of the
food-plant> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,6&7 72<\i{}H.
aestivaria\i0{} (Common Emerald)> 73,3 75<hemithea> 
 
# \i{}Horisme\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Phibalapteryx\i0{} Stephens> 6,4 18<slightly>,3/1 22<pale ochreous or
whitish, with curved brown stiae, base of costa dark fuscous,
\i{}aquata\i0{} and \i{}vitalbata\i0{} with a median band brown or dark
fuscous in the lower half and towards the termen> 23,2/3 25,1<this
blackish> 27,1<the band darker, fading or incomplete towards the
costa>/2<H. tersata> 34,1<similarly marked to the forewings> 35<whitish
or whitish-ochreous, with fuscous striae> 36,2/3 38,1<\i{}H.
tersata\i0{}>/2 40,1<with several fuscous lines, those of the median
band darker> 47,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 69,3<one adventive>
70,1&2&3&4&8 71,5&6/8<double brooded> 72<\i{}H. aquata\i0{} (Cumbrian
Umber, adventive), \i{}H. tersata\i0{} (The Fern), \i{}H. vitalbata\i0{}
(Small Waved Umber)> 73,5 75<horisme> 
 
# \i{}Hydrelia\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,1 14,20-30 18<slightly>,3/1 22<pale yellowish with
strong ochreous-orange striae in \i{}H. flammeolaria\i0{}, or whitish
with grey striae in \i{}H. sylvata\i0{}> 23,2/3/6 25,1/2 34,1/2 35<pale
yellowish (\i{}H. flammeolaria\i0{}), or whitish (\i{}H. sylvata\i0{})>
36,2/3/6 38,2 40,1<\i{}H. flammeolaria\i0{} with several conspicuous,
dark wavy lines, those of \i{}H. sylvata\i0{} obscure> 47,2 48,2 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Alnus\i0{}, \i{}Salix\i0{},
\i{}Acer campestre\i0{}> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,6&7
72<\i{}H. flammeolaria\i0{} (Small Yellow Wave), \i{}H. sylvata\i0{}
(Waved Carpet)> 73,5 75<hydrelia> 
 
# \i{}Hydriomena\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Hypsipetes, Ypsipetes\i0{}> 6,4 9,2 18<slightly>,3/1 22<dull
olive-green or pale grey to brownish> 23,9-10/11/12/13/15 25,1<this
dark>/2 27,1-2<the band usually undistinguished, and more often
conspicuously lighter than darker> 34,2 35<fuscous> 36,13/14 38,1<this
dark>/2 40,1<with one or two detectable darker lines>/2 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<foliage of \i{}Salix\i0{}, \i{}Alnus\i0{},
\i{}Crataegus\i0{}, \i{}Calluna\i0{}> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6/7&8 72<\i{}H. furcata\i0{} (July Highflier), \i{}H.
impluviata\i0{} (May High-flier), \i{}H. ruberata\i0{} (Ruddy
Highflier)> 73,5 75<hydriome> 
 
# \i{}Hylaea\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Ellopia\i0{}> 6,1 7,2 14,32-40 18<slightly>,3/1 21,2/4 22<pale
dull reddish with a darker transverse median band beyond the whitish
first line, or sometimes dull green with two whitish transverse lines>
23,4/9/12/8 25,2 31,2 34,1-2 35<coloured like the forewings> 36,4/9/12/8
37,2/4 38,2 40,1<the first line missing, the dark and light-edged second
line varying from sharp to quite faint> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,2 63,3
66<\i{}Pinus\i0{}, \i{}Larix\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,6&7
72<\i{}H. fasciaria\i0{} (Barred Red)> 73,6 75<hylaea> 
 
# \i{}Hypagyrtis\i0{} <Hbner>/
27,U 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 69,1<adventive> 72<\i{}H. unipunctata\i0{}
(White Spot, N American adventive)> 73,6 75<hypagyrt> 
 
# \i{}Idaea\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Ania, Antesis, Arrhostia, Hyria, Ptychopoda, Sterrha\i0{}>
6,2<only in \i{}I. ochrata\i0{}>/3<or sub-dentate>/4<often filiform>
8,2<nearly always>/3<\i{}I. ochrata\i0{}> 9,1 14,(16-)18-30(-33) 15,1-2
18,1<mostly>/3 19,1<in \i{}I. emarginata\i0{}>/2 21,1/4 22<variously
whitish, light to dark ochreous, whitish-, greyish- , reddish- or
yellowish-ochreous, even purple> 23,2/3/4/6/8/13 25,1/2 27,1<this dark,
e.g. in \i{}I. vulpinaria\i0{} and sometimes in \i{}I. aversata\i0{}>/2
32,1<nearly always>/1-2 33,1<in \i{}I. emarginata\i0{}> 34,1<via
conspicuous wavy transverse lines>/2<when the lines are faint>
35<usually similar in colour to the forewings> 36,2/3/4/6/8/13 37,1/4
38,1/2 40,1<the first one often missing> 47,1 55,1 56,2 58,1
59,1<usually>/2 63,1<mostly>/2<male \i{}I. ochrata\i0{}; all females
also with end spurs only> 69,20<two adventive> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71,6-8
72<\i{}I. aversata\i0{} (Riband Wave), \i{}I. biselata\i0{} (Small
Fan-footed Wave), \i{}I. contiguaria britanniae\i0{} 
(Greening's Wave, Weaver's
Wave or Cappers Acidalia!) \i{}I. degeneraria\i0{} (Portland Ribbon
Wave), \i{}I. dilutaria\i0{} (Silky Wave), \i{}I. dimidiata \i0{}
(Single-dotted Wave), \i{}I. emarginata\i0{} (Small Scallop), \i{}I.
fuscovenosa\i0{} (Dark Cream Wave, Dwarf Cream Wave), 
\i{}I. humiliata\i0{} (Isle of Wight
Wave), \i{}I. inquinata\i0{} (very occasionally recorded, mainly in
London, associated with dried plant material in herbalists shops,
\i{}I. laevigata\i0{} (Strange Wave, adventive), \i{}I. muricata
\i0{} (Purple-bordered Gold), \i{}I. ochrata cantiata\i0{} (Bright Wave), 
\i{}I. seriata\i0{} (Small Dusty Wave), \i{}I. serpentata\i0{} 
(Ochraceous Wave,
of doubtful British status), \i{}I. straminata\i0{} (Plain Wave), \i{}I.
subsericeata\i0{} (Satin Wave), \i{}I. sylvestraria\i0{}
(Dotted-bordered Cream Wave, Dotted Border Wave), 
\i{}I. trigeminata\i0{} (Treble Brown
Spot), \i{}I. rusticata atrosignaria\i0{} (Least Carpet)> 
73,4 75<idaea> 
 
# \i{}Isturgia\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,1 7,2 9,2<with projecting scales> 14,26-30 18,1 21<orange->,1
22<orange yellow, black-bordered around costa and termen> 23,6-7 25,2
31,1 34<rather>,1<with peripheral blackish rays coalescing with the
blackish border of the outer margin> 35<orange-yellow, with dark border>
36,6-7 37<orange->,1 38,2 40,2 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Cytissus\i0{}>
69,1 70,1&7 71,6&7 72<\i{}I. limbaria\i0{} (The Frosted Yellow)> 73,6
75<isturgia> 
 
# \i{}Jodis\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,1 7,2 9,1 14,23-26 16,1.4-1.6 18,1 21,2 22<green, but rapidly fading
to whitish> 23,2/5/9 25,2 32,2 34,2 35<green, but rapidly fading to
whitish> 36,2/5/9 37,2 38,2 40,1<with faint first and second lines>/2
47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1 63,3 66<foliage of birch, oak, hawthorn,
sallow, etc.> 67,3<in a loose silken cocoon spun amongst the foliage of
the food-plant> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9<common> 71,5&6 72<\i{}J.
lactearia\i0{} (Little Emerald, or Small Emerald)> 73,3 75<jodis> 
 
# \i{}Lampropteryx\i0{} <Stephens>/
6,4 9,2 18<slightly>,3/1 22<light- or light-yellowish-fuscous, or dark
fuscous, with dark striae and median band> 23,3/12/13/14 25,1<this
black> 27<usually>,1<this dark>/2<in a dark form of \i{}L.
suffumata\i0{}> 34,1-2 35<whitish or light to dark grey> 36,2/15/16
38,1-2 40,1-2<the striae rather sharp to obscure> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Galium\i0{}> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6 72<\i{}L. otregiata\i0{} (Devon Carpet), \i{}L. suffumata\i0{}
(Water Carpet)> 73,5 75<lampropt> 
 
# \i{}Larentia\i0{} <Treitschke>/
1<\i{}Phaesyle, Plerocymia\i0{}> 6,1 9,2 14,34-40 18<slightly>,3/1
22<light brown or ochreous-brownish, with darker striae> 23,3/4/11 25,2
27,1<this darker brown> 34<fairly>,2 35<light greyish-ochreous, with a
pale postmedian fascia> 36,3/13 38,2 40,1<with a pale subterminal line>
47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Malvaceae\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,9&10 72<\i{}L. clavaria\i0{} (The Mallow)> 73,5
75<larentia> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Ligdia\i0{} <Guene>/
6,4<stout> 8,3 9,1 14,25-30 18,1 22<white or creamish, with dark
transverse lines, a dark basal patch and postmedian band, and ashy grey
markings towards the termen> 23,1/3/5 25,1<this grey> 27,1<interpreting
the median white fascia as a band>/- 31,2 34,2 35<ochreous white, darker
posteriorly> 36,1/2/3 38,1<this grey> 40,1<with detectable, grey second
and submarginal lines> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9
71,5-7 72<\i{}L. adustata\i0{} (Scorched Carpet)> 73,6 75<ligdia> 
 
# \i{}Lithostege\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8,2 14,29-33 22<pale whitish grey, with a faintly darker subterminal
transverse shade running to the apex> 23,2/15 25,2 34,2 35<pale whitish
grey> 36,2/15 38,2 40,2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Cruciferae\i0{}> 69,1 70,3 71,6&7 72<\i{}L. griseata\i0{} (The
Grey Carpet, The Snowy)> 73,5 74<Front tibiae with a horny apical hook>
75<lithoste> 
 
# \i{}Lobophora\i0{} <Curtis>/
6,4 8,2 9,2<with a short cone of scales> 14,29-32 15,1-2
16<about>,1.6-1.9 18,1 22<whitish, much sprinkled with blackish grey>
23,2/15 25,1<this blackish> 34,2 35<whitish, or darker towards the
termen> 36,2/15 38,2 40,2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1/2 63,3
66<\i{}Populus tremula\i0{} and \i{}Salix\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6 73,5 72<\i{}L. halterata\i0{} (The
Seraphim)> 75<lobophor> 
 
# \i{}Lomaspilis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Poecilophasia\i0{}> 6,4<stout> 8,3 9,1 14,24-28 18,1 22<white or
ochreous-white, with contrasty, dark fuscous costal, terminal and
sometimes median bands and/or blotches> 23,1/2/3 25,2 27,1<sometimes,
the band very dark>/2 31,2 34<very>,1<usually>/2<when the dark markings
are missing> 35<white or ochreous-white, usually with a dark fuscous
marginal band and a blotch at the anal angle, sometimes also with a dark
median transverse band> 36,1/2/3 38,2 40,2/1<when there is a dark median
band representing a line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Salix\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5-7 72<\i{}L. marginata\i0{} (Clouded Border)>
73,6 75<lomaspil> 
 
# \i{}Lomographa\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Bapta, Corycia\i0{}> 6,3-4<stout, flatly sub-dentate> 8<shortly,
evenly>,2 14,26-30 18,1 22<white, with dark fuscous and/or grey
markings> 23,1 25,1-2<the spot black to indistinct> 31,2 34,2 35<white>
36,1 38,1/2 40,1<with no first line, and faint grey outer lines> 55,2
58,2 59,2 63,3 66<rosaceous trees and shrubs> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6 72<\i{}L. bimaculata\i0{} (White-pinion Spotted), \i{}L.
temerata\i0{} (Clouded Silver)> 73,6 75<lomograp> 
 
# \i{}Lycia\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Melanocoma, Nyssia, Poecilopsis\i0{}> 3,1 4,1/2<some females> 5,1
6,1 7,1/2 9,2<roughly hairy> 13,2 14,30-34/42-52<\i{}L. hirtarius\i0{}>
15,1-2 18,1 22<pale greyish-ochreous, whitish or whitish-grey, or
somewhat greenish brindled, with dark fuscous or grey veins and/or lines
and margin> 23,2/3/10/13/15 25,1<rarely>/2 31,2 34,1-2
35<ground-coloured as forewings> 36,2/13/15 38,2 40,1<the first line
usually missing, the others obscure or dark and well defined> 55,2 58,2
59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Crataegus\i0{}, \i{}Rosa\i0{},
\i{}Achillea\i0{}> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,4&5/6&7 72<\i{}L.
zonaria\i0{} (Belted Beauty), \i{}L. lapponaria\i0{} (Rannoch Brindled
Beauty), \i{}L. hirtaria\i0{} (Brindled Beauty)> 73,6 75<lycia> 
 
# \i{}Lythria\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Lythia\i0{}> 6,1 7,1/2 9,2<rough-haired or loose-scaled> 14,24-28
18,1 21,1/4 22<olive brown, or purplish, or golden yellow with purple
margins> 23,4/6/8/12 25,2 34,2 35<olive brown, or purplish, or golden
yellow with purple margins> 36,4/6/8/12 37,1/4 38,2 40,2 47,2 48,2 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 62,1 63,3 66<\i{}Rumex\i0{}, \i{}Polygonum\i0{}>
69,1<adventive> 70,5 71<in>,6 72<\i{}L. purpuraria\i0{} (Purple-barred
Yellow, adventive based on unconfirmed old records)> 73,5 75<lythria> 
 
# \i{}Melanthia\i0{} <Duponchel>/
6,4 9,2 14,35-43 18<slightly>,3/1 22<whitish, with a ferrugineous
subcostal vein, a dark fuscous basal patch, and a dark terminal band
containing a whitish median blotch> 23,2 25,2 27,1<this darkened fuscous
only towards the costa>/- 34,1<fuscous-margined and usually striated>
35<whitish, with grey and fuscous markings> 36,2 38,1<this grey>
40,1<via distinct to indistinct, grey median and outer lines> 47,2 48,1
55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Clematis\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4<local> 71,6&7 72<\i{}M. procellata\i0{} (Pretty Chalk Carpet,
Chalk Carpet)> 73,5 75<melanthia> 
 
# \i{}Menophra\i0{} <Moore>/
1<\i{}Hemerophila\i0{}> 3,1 6,1 7,2 9,2<loosely scaled> 14,34-40
18<slightly>,3/1 22<pale ochreous, with dark brown and fuscous
transverse markings> 23,3 25,1<this black> 31,2 33,1 34,1 35<pale
ochreous, strigulated darker, with a broad, reddish-brown postmedian
band and a dentate, dark-lined termen> 36,3 38,2 40,1 55,2 58,2 59,2
61,2 63,3 66<\i{}Ligustrum\i0{}, \i{}Rosa\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<rare in Scotland and Ireland> 71,4-6 72<\i{}M.
abruptaria\i0{} (Waved Umber)> 73,6 75<menophra> 
 
# \i{}Mesoleuca\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 9,2 14,32-38 18<slightly>,3/1 22<creamy white, with smoky grey
margin and very dark, contrasty basal and wing-tip blotches> 23,1/5
25,1<this dark grey> 27,1<if the white median fascia be so interpreted>
34,1 35<creamy white, with smoky marginal band> 36,1/5 38,1<this dark>
40,1<with a sharply defined, angulated, dark postmedian line in addition
to the grey terminal band> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Alnus\i0{}, \i{}Rubus\i0{}, \i{}Fragaria\i0{} etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}Mesoleuca albicillata\i0{} (Beautiful
Carpet)> 73,5 75<mesoleuc> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Minoa\i0{} <Treitschke>/
6,4 8,2 9,1 14,18-23 18<slightly>,3/1 22<light fuscous or greyish
ochreous, unmarked> 23,3/13/15 25,2 34,2<unmarked> 35<coloured like the
forewings> 36,3/13/15 38,2 40,2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Euphorbia\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&8 71<in>,6 72<\i{}M.
murinata\i0{} (Drab Looper)> 73,5 75<minoa>

# \i{}Nebula\i0{} <Bruand>/
1<\i{}Coenotephria\i0{} Prout>
6,1 14,29-31 18<slightly>,3/1 22<whitish to light grey, sprinkled and
striated dark fuscous> 23,2/15 25,1<this blackish> 27,1-2<band undefined
to somewhat darker> 34,2 35<light grey, or greyish-whitish> 36,2/15
38,1<this grey> 40,1<with grey posterior striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Galium\i0{}, \i{}Asperula\i0{}> 69,1
70,3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}N. salicata latentaria \i0{} (Striped
Twin-spot Carpet)> 73,5 75<nebula> 
 
# \i{}Nematocampa\i0{} <Guene>/
27,U 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 69,1<adventive> 
72<\i{}N. limbata\i0{} (Bordered Chequer, N. American adventive)>
73,6 75<nematoca> 
 
# \i{}Odezia\i0{} <Boisduval>/
1<\i{}Tanagra\i0{}> 6,4 8<evenly>,2 9,2<with projecting scales> 14,27-30
18,1 21,3 22<uniformly black, save for the white apical cilia> 23,18
25,2 34,2 35<uniformly black> 36,18 37,3 38,2 40,2 47,2 55,1 56,2/3<?>
58,2 59,1 66<flowers of \i{}Conopodium\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,6&7 72<\i{}O. atrata \i0{} (Chimney Sweep)> 73,5 75<odezia> 2,1<flying
in the sunshine>
 
# \i{}Odontopera\i0{} <Stephens>/
1<\i{}Gonodontis\i0{}> 3,1 6,1 7,1 9,2<with dense, projecting scales>
13,1/2 14,46-50 18,4 19,1 22<brown with dark first and second lines, or
(ab. \i{}nigra\i0{}) blackish with a lighter second line only, with a
dark-ringed discal spot> 23,12/17 25,1 26,1 31,2 32,1 33<often
slightly>,1/2 34,1-2 35<coloured like the forewings, but paler>
36,12/16/17/11 38,1<this dark-ringed> 39,1 40,1<the first line lacking,
the second dark and sharp> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of
\i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Corylus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,5&6 72<\i{}O. bidentata\i0{} (Scalloped
Hazel)> 73,6 75<odontope> 2,3
 
# \i{}Operophtera\i0{} <Hbner>/
4,1/2 5,1 6,4 8<strongly>,3 9,1 14,27-37 18,1 22<light brown sprinkled
fuscous, or pale greyish-ochreous, with obscure dark striae> 23,3/13/11
25,2 27,1-2<sometimes with a darker but fairly obscure band> 34,2
35<whitish to pale fuscous> 36,2/13 38,2 40,1-2<usually with faint dark
lines> 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3 58,2<beyond it> 63,3 66<foliage of
\i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Crataegus\i0{}, \i{}Betula\i0{}, etc., and
rosaceous fruit trees (\i{}O. brumata\i0{} being notoriously
destructive)> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,10-12/1 72<\i{}O.
brummata\i0{} (Winter Moth), \i{}O. fagata\i0{} (Northern Winter Moth)>
73,5 75<operopht> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Opisthograptis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Rumia\i0{}> 6,4<filiform> 8,1 9,1 14,33-44 18,1 21,1 22<yellow,
with ferrugineous costal spots> 23,6 25,1 26,1<ringed reddish brown>
31,1 34,2 35<yellow> 36,6 37,1 38,1<this grey> 39,2 40,1<with three
faint, grey, partly interupted lines> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<\i{}Crataegus\i0{}, \i{}Betula\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,5&6 72<\i{}O. luteolata\i0{} (Brimstone
Moth)> 73,6 75<opisthog> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Orthonama\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Nycterosea, Nyctosia, Percnoptilota, Plemyria\i0{}> 6<very
shortly>,1/4 9,2 14,22-28 18,1 22<pale greyish-ochreous,
greyish-purplish or whitish-ochreous, with faint darker striae>
23,2/3/8/13/15 25,1<this dark in a pale ring, in \i{}obstipata\i0{}, a
round black dot in \i{}vittata\i0{}> 32<slightly>,2/1 34,2 35<pale grey
or whitish-ochreous, sometimes terminally tinged ochreous or purplish>
36,2/3/8/15 38,1-2 40,1<with several fairly faint lines> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Polygonum\i0{}, \i{}Agrimonia\i0{},
\i{}Galium\i0{}, etc.> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6/7/9-12/1-5<when
hibernating> 72<\i{}O. obstipata \i0{} (The Gem), \i{}O. vittata\i0{}
(Oblique Carpet)> 73,5 75<orthonam> 
 
# \i{}Ourapteryx\i0{} <Leach>/
3,1-2 6,4 8<shortly and evenly>,2 14,50-62 18,3 21,1 22<pale yellow,
thinly strigulated with pale grey, with yellow-grey first and second
lines and a yellow-grey, linear discal mark> 23,6 25,1<this yellow-grey,
linear> 31,2 32,3 34,1<via the clear median transverse line, plus a red,
black-edged subterminal spot above the tail, and a black one below it>
35<the same colour as the forewings> 36,6 37,1 38,2 40,1<with a single,
darkish median line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Sambucus\i0{},
\i{}Crataegus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71<in>,7 72<\i{}O.
sambucaria\i0{} (Swallow-tailed Moth)> 73,6 75<ourapter> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Pachycnemia\i0{} <Stephens>/
6,3-4<stout, flatly sub-dentate> 8<shortly, evenly>,2 14,28-32 15,1 18,1
22<fuscous, sprinkled whitish, with an obscure, dotted, dark postmedian
line> 23,14/13 25,1<this dark fuscous> 31,2 34,2 35<whitish fuscous,
lighter than the forewings> 36,13 38,2 40,1-2<at most with a very
faintly darkened second line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Calluna\i0{}
and \i{}Erica\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3<local> 71<in>,5 72<\i{}Pachycnemia
hippocastanaria \i0{} (The Horse Chestnut)> 73,6 75<pachycne> 
 
# \i{}Pareulype\i0{} <Herbulot>/
6,4 9,2 14,27-32 18,1 22<pale grey, with blackish and brown transverse
lines> 23,15 25,1<sometimes, this grey>/2 34,2 35<pale fuscous-grey>
36,13/15 38,1<this dark> 40,1-2<with obscure to fairly clear, darker
posterior lines> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Berberis\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&4&5 71,5&8<double brooded> 72<\i{}P.
berberata\i0{} (Barberry Carpet)> 73,5 75<pareulyp>

# \i{}Pasiphila\i0{} <Meyrick>/ 
1<excluding \i{}Chloroclystis\i0{}> 
6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,2 14,19-23 18,1 21,2
22<usually green or green-tinged, but varying to whitish-greyish or pale
brownish, especially when faded, or even dark fuscous (with melanism known)>
23,9/10/11/13/15/14/17 25,1<this dark> 34,1<matching the forewings> 
35<coloured like the forewings, usually incorporating greenish
when fresh> 36,9/10/11/13/15/14/17 37,2/4 38,1-2
40,1<the several darker striae sharp and wavy> 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 
58,2 59,1 63,3
65,1<with a blackish sub-basal ring, an incomplete one, or sub-basal 
lateral spots> 66<flowers of apple, pear,
\i{}Prunus\i0{} and \i{}Vaccinium\i0{}> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6&7
72<\i{}P. rectangulata\i0{} (Green Pug), \i{}P. chloerata\i0{} (Sloe Pug, 
only relatively recently distinguished from \i{}P. rectangulata\i0{} in Britain), 
\i{}P. debiliata\i0{} (Bilberry Pug)> 73,5 75<pasiphil> 74<The Green Pug is sometimes
a pest in orchards.>
 
# \i{}Pelurga\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Electra\i0{}> 6,4 8<shortly,>,2 14,30-36 18<slightly>,3/1
22<ochreous to ochreous-yellow, with darker or brown striae> 23,3/4/5/6
25,1<this blackish> 27,1<this dark and contrasty, but paler down its
middle> 32,1/1-2 34,2 35<whitish-ochreous or fuscous-tinged> 36,2/3/13
38,2 40,1<with faint to fairly clear striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?>
58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Chenopodiaceae\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9
71<in>,7 72<\i{}Pelurga comitata\i0{} (Dark Spinach)> 73,5 74<The thorax with a
horny anterior prominence> 75<pelurga> 
 
# \i{}Perconia\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,1 7,1 9,1 14,35-40 18,1 22<light brownish-ochreous, with four
conspicuous, dark transverse line> 23,2/3/11 25,1<this blackish>/2 31,2
34,1 35<coloured like the forewings> 36,2/3/11 38,2 40,1<with three
conspicuous lines, the first missing> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<\i{}Erica\i0{}, \i{}Calluna\i0{}, \i{}Cytissus\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<common> 71,6&7 72<\i{}P. strigillaria\i0{} (Grass
Wave)> 73,6 75<perconia> 
 
# \i{}Peribatodes\i0{} <Wehrli>/
3,1-2 6,1 7,2 14,33-40 18,1 22<light brownish or pale fuscous, with
darker lines> 23,13/11 25,1<this black, before the median> 31,1 34,1
35<coloured like the forewings> 36,13/11 38,1 40,1<conspicuously
wavy-lined, but the first absent> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3
66<\i{}Quercus\i0{}, \i{}Betula\i0{}, \i{}Prunus spinosa\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<but scarce in Scotland> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}P.
rhomboidaria\i0{} (Willow Beauty); plus \i{}P. secundaria\i0{} 
(Feathered Beauty, very recent migrant/colonist on conifers), and
\i{}P. ilicaria\i0{} (Lydd Beauty, very recently noted migrant)> 
73,6 75<peribato> 
 
# \i{}Perizoma\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Emmelesia\i0{}> 6,1<\i{}P. didymata\i0{}>/4<mostly> 9,2 14,18-30
18<slightly>,3/1 22<whitish, ochreous-greyish, ochreous-brown, fuscous,
usually striated darker> 23,2/3/12/13/14/15 25,1/2 27,1<this dark to
very dark, or partial only and represented by the whitish
rivulet>/2<or poorly distinguished> 28<often>,1<i.e., with a narrow,
wavy, white post-median median transverse band divided by a
correspondingly wavy londitudinal dark line>/2 34,2<though often faintly
darker- or lighter-banded> 35<whitish, grey or pale fuscous>
36,2/13/14/15 38,1/2 40,1-2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<diverse Dicot herbs, especially \i{}Scophulariaceae\i0{}> 69,12
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5-8<sometimes double brooded> 72<\i{}P.
affinitata\i0{} (The Rivulet), \i{}P. albulata\i0{} (Grass Rivulet),
\i{}P. alchemillata\i0{} (Common Carpet), \i{}P. bifaciata\i0{}
(Haworth's Carpet, Barred Rivulet), 
\i{}P. blandiata\i0{} (Pretty Pinion), \i{}P.
didymata\i0{} (Twin-spot Carpet), \i{}P. flavofasciata\i0{} (Sandy
Carpet), \i{}P. minorata\i0{} (Heath Rivulet), \i{}P. sagittata\i0{}
(Marsh Carpet), \i{}P. taeniata\i0{} (Barred Carpet)> 73,5 75<perizoma>
 
# \i{}Petrophora\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Lithina, Lozogramma, Ortholita\i0{}> 6,3-4<stout, flatly
sub-dentate> 8<shortly, evenly>,2 14,31-37 18<slightly>,3/1 22<light
brownish-ochreous, the almost straight first and second lines whitish
and anteriorly edged dark brown> 23,3/11 25,1<this dark fuscous> 31,2
32,1-2 34,2 35<whitish-ochreous> 36,2-3 38,2 40,1<the pale,
fuscous-edged lines more distinct towards the hind margin> 55,2 58,2
59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Pteridium aquilinum\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5&6 72<\i{}P. chlorosata\i0{} (Brown Silver-line)> 73,6 75<petropho>

# \i{}Phibalapteryx\i0{} Stephens/
1<\i{}Mesogrammia\i0{}, \i{}Mesotype\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 
9,1-2<with somewhat projecting scales>
14,22-25 15,1-2 18,1 22<greyish or fuscous, whitish-sprinkled, with dark
transverse lines> 23,13/15 25,1<this blackish> 27,1-2<with a more or
less distinguished dark band, which is however light in the middle> 34,2
35<light grey> 36,15 38,2 40,1<with a pale bent postmedian and some
darker striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 66<\i{}Galium\i0{}>
69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&8&9<local> 71,5-7 72<\i{}P. virgata\i0{} (The Oblique
Striped)> 73,5 75<phibalap> 
 
# \i{}Philereme\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Scotosia\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 9,2<with a short cone of scales> 14,26-40
18<slightly>,3/1 22<ochreous to dark brown, or pale fuscous> 23,4/12/13
25,1<this dark> 27,1-2<the band darker, if distinguished> 33,1
34,1<\i{}P. transversata\i0{}>/2<\i{}P. vetulata\i0{}> 35<coloured
similarly to the forewings> 36,4/12/13 38,1/2 40,1<these faint in \i{}P.
vetulata\i0{}> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Rhamnus\i0{}> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&8 71,6&7 72<\i{}P.
transversata\i0{} (Dark Umber), \i{}P. vetulata\i0{} (Brown Scallop)>
73,5 74<The abdomen of males with very large, exserted genital
claspers> 75<philerem> 
 
# \i{}Plagodis\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Anagoga, Anagoge, Azinephora, Eurymene, Numeria\i0{}> 6,1 7,2
14,32-38 15,1-2 18,1/4<\i{}dolabraria\i0{}> 22<brownish ochreous to
reddish fuscous, with a darker median band, or (\i{}P. dolabraria\i0{})
ochreous, strigulated greyish with dark reddish or purplish scorch
marks at the base of the costa, tornally, and near the outer edge of
the hind margin> 23,4/12/14 25,2 27,1<usually, the band of varying
degrees of darkness>/2 31,2 32<somewhat>,2<dolabraria>/1 34,1
35<coloured like the forewings, but the dark banding of \i{}P.
pulveraria\i0{} and the scorch marks of \i{}P. dolabraria\i0{}
confined to the inner tornal region> 36,4/12/14 38,2 40,1<\i{}P.
pulveraria \i0{} with a clear but incomplete second line, and the
hindwing scorch-marks of \i{}P. dolabraria\i0{} representing two
incomplete lines> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,2 63,3 66<diverse deciduous trees>
69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5&6 72<\i{}P. dolabraria\i0{} (The
Scorched-wing), \i{}P. pulveraria\i0{} (Barred Umber)> 73,6 75<plagodis>
 
# \i{}Plemyria\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,4 8,2 9,2<with a slight cone of scales> 18,1 22<white, with brown
markings and a grey terminal band> 23,1 25,1<this blackish> 27,1<the
band brown and contrasty, sometimes broken towards the hind nargin> 34,1
35<white, with grey terminal banding> 36,1 38,1<this dark grey> 40,1<a
whitish subterminal line in the marginal grey band> 47,2 48,2 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Alnus\i0{}, \i{}Prunus\i0{}, etc.> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<wherever Alder is plentiful> 71<in>,7 72<\i{}P.
rubiginata\i0{} (Blue-bordered Carpet)> 73,5 75<plemyria> 
 
# \i{}Pseudopanthera\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Venilia\i0{}> 6,3-4<stout, flatly sub-dentate> 8<shortly,
evenly>,2 14,28-30 18<slightly>,3/1 21,1 22<yellow, with fuscous to
blackish spots and broken transverse bands> 23,6 25,2 31,2 34<very>,1
35<yellow, with dark fuscous to blackish spots> 36,6 37,1 38,1
40,1<assuming median spots and a band towards the hind margin represent
a median line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Stachys\i0{}, \i{}Reseda\i0{}>
69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<local> 71,5&6 72<\i{}P. macularia\i0{}
(Speckled Yellow)> 73,6 75<pseudopa> 
 
# \i{}Pseudoterpna\i0{} <Hbner>/
3,1 6,1 7,2 9,1 14,35-40 16,1.75-1.85 18,1 21,2 22<dull green, sprinkled
white, with the wavy first and second lines dark green, and white-tipped
cilia> 23,9 25,1<this dark green, linear> 34,2 35<green, rather paler
than the forewings and less distinctly marked> 36,9 37,2 38,2
40<faintly>,1<but the first line absent> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,2 63,3
66<\i{}Leguminosae\i0{}, e.g. \i{}Cytissus\i0{}, \i{}Genista\i0{},
\i{}Ulex\i0{}> 67,2<amongst dead leaves, etc., in a thin silken cocoon>
69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9 71<in>,7 72<\i{}P. pruinata atropunctaria\i0{} 
(Grass Emerald)> 73,3 75<pseudote> 
 
# \i{}Pterapherapteryx\i0{} <Curtis>/
1<\i{}Mysticoptera\i0{}> 6,4 8<minutely>,2 9,2<with a short cone of
scales> 14,22-26 15,1-2 16<about>,2 18,1 22<whitish, or whitish-fuscous>
23,2/13 25,1<this black> 27,1-2<the dark band well distinguished only
near the costa, or fading towards the hind margin> 34,2 35<grey>
36,16/15 38,1<this darker> 40,1<faintly>/2 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2
59,U 63,3 67<\i{}Salix\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&8&9 71<in>,6 72<\i{}P.
sexalata\i0{} (Small Seraphim)> 73,5 74<Hindwings of the male with a
dorsal, doubly folded lobe> 75<pteraphe> 
 
# \i{}Rheumaptera\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Calocalpe, Eucosmia, Eulype, Melanippe\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 9,2<with a
short cone of scales> 14,28-48 18,1 19,1<or waved>/2 22<light ochreous
brown, whitish ochreous, or white> 23,1/2/3/11 25,1<this dark>/2<unless
it is represented by a white spot in a costal black fascia, in \i{}R.
hastata\i0{}> 27,1-2<the darkening of the band variously conspicuous to
inconspicuous, often interrupted in \i{}R. hastata\i0{}, sometimes
undetectable> 33,1<in \i{}cervinalis\i0{} and \i{}undulata\i0{}>/2 34,1
35<coloured and patterned like the forewings> 36,1/2/3/11 38,1-2
40,1<usually with several conspicuous, darker wavy lines, but these
represented by broken, very dark fasciae or dotted lines in \i{}R.
hastata\i0{}> 47,2 48,1/2<\i{}R. hastata\i0{}> 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1
63,3 66<\i{}Berberis\i0{} (\i{}R. cervinalis\i0{}), \i{}Salicaceae\i0{}
(\i{}R. undulata\i0{}), \i{}Myrica\i0{} and \i{}Betula\i0{} (\i{}R.
hastata\i0{})> 69,4 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5/6&7 
72<\i{}R. cervinalis\i0{} (Scarce Tissue), \i{}R. hastata\i0{} 
(Argent and Sable), \i{}R. undulata\i0{} (Scallop Shell)> 73,5 
75<rheumapt> 2,1<\i{}R. hastata\i0{}>/2&3
 
# \i{}Rhodometra\i0{} <Meyrick>/
6,1 7,2 14,20-30 15,1-2 18<slightly>,3/1 21<pale>,1/4<then pale
ochreous> 22<pale yellow, sometimes rosy-tinged> 23,3/5/6/8 25,2 29,1
34,2 35<yellowish-whitish> 36,2/3/5 37,4 38,2 40,2 47,1 48,2 55,1 56,2
58,1 62,2 63,3 66<low growing plants, such as dock, knot-grass,
\i{}Anthemis\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<occasional immigrant only>
71,7&8 72<\i{}R. sacraria\i0{} (The Vestal)> 73,4 74<Thorax glabrous
beneath> 75<rhodomet> 
 
# \i{}Scotopteryx\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Eubolia, Eusebia, Onychia, Ortholitha, Phasiane\i0{}> 6,1 9,2
14,32-40 18,1/3 22<whitish grey, pale grey, pale fuscous, ochreous or
brownish> 23,3/4/11/13/15 25,1<this black, or sometimes two,
transversely placed> 27,1<this dark>/2 34,2 35<fuscous or grey>
36,14/16/13/15 38,1/2 40,1<with darker postmedian striae> 47,2 48,1 55,1
56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 66<mainly shrubby and herbaceous legumes, but
also \i{}Ericaceae\i0{}> 69,6<2 adventive> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,6-8<sometimes double brooded> 72<\i{}S. bipunctaria\i0{} (Chalk
Carpet), \i{}S. chenopodiata\i0{} (Small Mallow, Shaded Broad-bar, and
in former times The Aurelians Plague), \i{}S. luridata plumbaria\i0{}
(The July Belle), \i{}S. mucronata\i0{} (The Lead Belle), \i{}S. moeniata\i0{}
(Fortified Carpet, based on doubtful old records),
\i{}S. peribolata\i0{} (Spanish Carpet, a sporadic migrant?)> 
73,5 75<scotopte> 
 
# \i{}Scopula\i0{} <Schrank>/
1<\i{}Acidalia, Craspedia, Calothysanis, Dosithea, Pylarge\i0{}> 6,4 8,3
9,1 14,20-33 15,1-2 18,1/3 22<white, whitish-ochreous, reddish-ochreous,
light red or pinkish> 23,1/2/3/8/11 25,1<when present, usually black or
dark>/2 32,1/2 34,1/2 35<coloured like the forewings> 36,1/2/3/8/11
38,1/2 40,1 47,1 55,1 56,2 58,1 59,1-2<often variable within a species>
63,1<mostly>/2<male \i{}S. ternata\i0{}; females of all species with all
four spurs> 69,14<3 adventive> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5-7/8 72<\i{}S.
decorata\i0{} (Middle Lace Border, adventive), \i{}S. emutaria\i0{} (Rosy
Wave), \i{}S. floslactata\i0{} (Cream Wave), \i{}S. imitaria\i0{} (Small
Blood-vein), \i{}S. immorata\i0{} (Lewes Wave, confined to the Lewes
district, perhaps extinct), \i{}S. immutata\i0{} (Lesser Cream Wave), 
\i{}S. limboundata\i0{} (adventive, one unconfirmed record), \i{}S.
marginepunctata\i0{} (Mullein Wave), \i{}S. nigropunctata\i0{}
(Sub-angled Wave), \i{}S. ornata\i0{} (Lace Border), \i{}S.
rubiginata\i0{} (Tawny Wave), \i{}S. ternata\i0{} Smoky Wave), \i{}S.
virgulata\i0{} (Streaked Wave, adventive)> 73,4 75<scopula> 
 
# \i{}Selenia\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Solenia\i0{}> 3,1-2 6,1 7,1 9,2<with a tuft of scales> 14,36-50
18,4 19<more or less>,1 22<whitish ochreous or brownish, or
pinkish-purplish, with dark transverse lines and a small, dark apical
fascia> 23,3/8/11 24,1 25,1/2 26<when present,>,1/2 27,1<the band dark,
in \i{}S. tetralunaria\i0{}, but not sharply distinguished in colour
from the basal fascia>/2 31,2 32,1-2 33<more or less>,1 34,1-2
35<coloured like the forewings, but less patterned> 36,3/8/11 38,1/2
39<when present,>,1/2 40,1/2 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<foliage of diverse
deciduous trees and shrubs> 69,3 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,3-7<sometimes
double brooded?> 72<\i{}S. dentaria\i0{} (Early Thorn), \i{}S.
lunularia\i0{} (Lunar Thorn), \i{}S. tetralunaria\i0{} (Purple Thorn)>
73,6 75<selenia> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Selidosema\i0{} <Hbner>/
6,1 7,2 9,1/2<with appressed or shortly projecting scales> 14,38-42
18<slightly>,3/1 22<brownish-ochreous to pale fuscous> 23,4/13/11
25,1<this dark fuscous, beyond the median>/2 31,1 34,2 35<coloured as
the forewings> 36,4/13/11 38,2 40,1<lines very obscure>/2 55,2 58,2 59,2
63,3 66<\i{}Calluna\i0{}> 69,1<2 subspecies> 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9<local>
71,7&8 72<\i{}S. brunnearia\i0{} (Bordered Grey)> 73,6 75<selidose> 
 
# \i{}Semiothisa\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Arte, Chiannia, Chiasmia, Eupelis, Eupisteria, Grammatophora,
Halia, Hercyna, Itama, Itame, Macaria, Speranza, Strenia\i0{}> 6,1/3
7<when bipectinate,>,2 9,2<with projecting scales> 14,23-37 18,1/3/4
19,1/2 22<ochreous-whitish, whitish-fuscous, pale fuscous, ferrugineous,
pale yellowish, white or yellowish-white, usually strigulated darker>
23,1/2/3/6/7/13 25,1/2 30,1<\i{}S. notata\i0{}>/2 31,1 32,1<\i{}S.
brunneata\i0{}>/2-3 33,1-2 34,1/2 35<with ground colour more or less as
in forewings> 36,1/2/3/6/7/13 38,1/2 40,1<the lines distinct or obscure,
the first often absent> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<diverse Dicot trees,
shrubs and herbs, also \i{}Pinus\i0{}> 69,9<2 adventive>
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5-8 72<\i{}S. alternaria\i0{} (Sharp-angled
Peacock), \i{}S. brunneata\i0{} (= \i{}Itame\i0{}, Rannoch Looper), \i{}S. carbonaria\i0{}
(Netted Mountain Moth), \i{}S. clathrata\i0{} (Latticed Heath), \i{}S.
signaria\i0{} (adventive), \i{}S. liturata\i0{} (Tawny Barred Angle),
\i{}S. notata\i0{} (Peacock Moth), \i{}S. praeatomata\i0{} (adventive),
\i{}S. wauaria\i0{} (V-Moth)> 73,6 75<semiothi> 
2,1<\i{}S. clathrata\i0{}, \i{}S. carbonaria\i0{}>/2&3
 
# \i{}Serraca\i0{} <Moore>/
1<\i{}Pseudoboarmia\i0{}; = \i{}Hypomecis\i0{} Hbner> 
6<strongly>,1 7,2 9,2<with a short tuft of
scales> 14,44-54 18,1 22<whitish with brownish tinge, conspicuously
transversely lined> 23,2/11 25,1 26,1 31,1 34,1 35<coloured like the
forewings> 36,2/11 38,1 39,1 40,1<the conspicuous median and second
lines dark and wavy> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<\i{}Quercus\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&4<not common> 71,6&7 72<\i{}S. punctinalis\i0{} (Pale Oak
Beauty)> 73,6 75<serraca> 2,2&3 
 
# \i{}Siona\i0{} <Duponchel>/
1<\i{}Scoria\i0{}> 6,3-4<stout, flatly sub-dentate> 8<shortly, evenly>,2
14,39-52 18,1 22<white to pale ochreous-white, with grey veins> 23,1/2/3
25,2 31,2 34,2 35<coloured and veined like the forewings> 36,1/2/3 38,2
40,2 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 66<grasses, e.g. \i{}Brachypodium\i0{}> 69,1
70,1&2&3&9<local> 71<in>,6 72<\i{}S. lineata\i0{} (Black Veined Moth)>
73,6 75<siona> 2,1
 
# \i{}Spargania\i0{} <Guene>/
6,4 9,2 14,29-33 18,1 22<dark greyish-fuscous to blackish, slightly
white-speckled> 23,14/16/17 25,1/2 34,1<with a dark, contrasty terminal
band sometimes containing white spots, and a grey basal patch> 35<white
and light grey> 36,1&15 38,1 40,1<with a sharp postmedian line> 47,2
48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3 69,1 70,1<very rare> 71,5&6/8<double
brooded> 72<\i{}S. luctuata\i0{} (White-banded Carpet)> 73,5
75<spargani> 
 
# \i{}Tephronia\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Mniophila\i0{}> 6,4 8,2 18,1-2 22<grey, with darker median wavy
lines, the termen bordered by a zigzag one and the fringe slightly
spotted> 23,16/15 35<pale grey, paler than the forewings> 36,15 38,1-2
40,1<the lines indistinct> 55,2 58,2 59,2 63,3 69,1<adventive>
70<South>,8 71,7&8 72<\i{}T. sepiaria\i0{} (Dusky Carpet, adventive)>
73,6 75<tephroni> 
 
# \i{}Thalera\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Chlorochroma\i0{}> 6,1 7,1 14,33-39 16,1.6-1.9 18,1 21,2 22<green>
23,9 25,2 32,2<with two points> 33,1<but with one conspicuous bite
only>/- 34,1 35<green> 36,9 37,2 38,2 40,1<with a contrasty, light
second line and a terminal one> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1 59,1 63,2<likewise
in the female> 66<\i{}Achillea\i0{}> 69,1 70,2/3<first recorded in 1902,
and rarely seen> 71,7&8 72<\i{}T. fimbrialis\i0{} (Sussex Emerald)> 73,3
75<thalera> 
 
# \i{}Thera\i0{} <Stephens>/
6,1<\i{}T. firmata\i0{}>/4 9,2 14,24-35 15,1-2 18,1 22<whitish-fuscous,
grey, olive-, reddish-ochreous, ochreous-brown or brown>
23,2/4/11/12/13/15/16 25,1<usually, this blackish>/2 27,1/2<the band
usually more or less conspicuously dark, but occasionally obscure> 34,2
35<whitish, pale fuscous or pale ochreous> 36,2/3/13 38,1-2
40,1<sometimes with a faint postmedian line>/2 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?>
58,2 59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Pinus\i0{} and \i{}Juniperus\i0{}> 69,5
70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,5-10<sometimes double brooded> 72<\i{}T.
cognata\i0{} (Chestnut-coloured Carpet), \i{}T. cupressata\i0{} (Cypress Carpet,
adventive), \i{}T. firmata\i0{} (Pine
Carpet), \i{}T. juniperata\i0{} (Juniper Carpet), \i{}T. obeliscata\i0{}
(Grey Pine Carpet), \i{}T. britannica\i0{} (Spruce Carpet)> 73,5 75<thera> 
 
# \i{}Theria\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Cheimatobia\i0{}> 4,1/2 5,1 6,1 7,1 9,1-2 13,2 14,31-34 22<brown
or dark fuscous, faintly reddish tinged, the lines darker fuscous>
23,8/14/16 25,1<this dark> 31,2 34,1-2 35<fuscous-whitish> 36,13
38,1<this rather conspicuous, dark> 40,1<with a well defined, grey
second line> 55,2 58,2 59,2 61,2 63,3 66<\i{}Crataegus\i0{}, \i{}Prunus
spinosa\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71<late>,1&2 72<\i{}T.
primaria\i0{} (Early Moth)> 73,6 75<theria> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Thetidia\i0{} <Boisduval>/
1<\i{}Euchloris\i0{}> 6,1 7,2 9,1 14,33-35 16,1.5-1.7 18,1-2 21,2
22<green> 23,9 25,1<this white> 34,2 35<green> 36,9 37,2 38,1<white,
proximally paler>/2 40,1<with a white terminal line> 47,1 55,1 56,1 58,1
59,1 63,3 66<\i{}Artemisia\i0{}, disguising themselves with attached
fragments of the food-plant> 69,1 70,1 71<in>,7 72<\i{}T.
smaragdaria maritima\i0{} (Essex Emerald, subspecies perhaps extinct)> 
73,3 75<thetidia> 
 
# \i{}Timandra\i0{} <Duponchel>/
1<\i{}Bradyepetes\i0{}> 6,1 7,2 9,1 18,1/3 22<whitish-ochreous> 23,3
25,1<this grey, linear> 29,1<this continued to near the middle of the
inner margin of the hindwings> 32,2 34,1 35<whitish-ochreous> 36,3 38,2
40,1<with spectacular red median and marginal lines> 47,1 55,1 56,2 58,1
59,1 63,3<likewise the female> 66<\i{}Polygonaceae\i0{} and
\i{}Chenopodiaceae\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}T.
comae\i0{} (The Blood-vein)> 73,4 74<Comparisons of Newman, Meyrick
and Edelsten \i{}et al\i0{}. with the Bradley et al. (1972) edition of
Kloet and Hincks's check list reveal horrendous nomenclatural confusion
over \i{}Timandra\i0{}, \i{}Cyclophora\i0{}, \i{}Colothysanis\i0{} and
\i{}Scopula\i0{}; see especially the Blood-vein and the Maiden's Blush,
for which identical nomenclatural combinations have been freely
interchanged> 75<timandra> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Trichopteryx\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Nothopteryx\i0{}> 6,4 8<shortly>,2 9,1 14,30-36 16,1.7-1.8 18,1
22<greyish whitish and blackish sprinkled, or greyish ochreous>
23,2/3/13/15 25,1/2 27,1<the band dark>/2 34,2 35<whitish or pale
ochreous-grey> 36,2/3/13/15 38,1<this grey> 40,1<with several faint grey
lines, or just a posterior one> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,2
63,2<females also?> 66<\i{}Lonicera\i0{}, \i{}Salix\i0{},
\i{}Ligustrum\i0{}, etc.> 69,2 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8 71,4&5 72<\i{}T.
carpinata\i0{} (Early Tooth-striped), \i{}T. polycommata\i0{} (Barred
Tooth-striped)> 73,5 75<trichopt> 
 
# \i{}Triphosa\i0{} <Stephens>/
6,4 9,2 18,1 19,1-2<waved> 22<rosy fuscous, with dark striae> 23,14&8/13
25,1<this black> 33,1 34,1-2<with a sharp wavy marginal line emphasising
the scalloping, but the other lines generally quite faint> 35<lighter
fuscous> 36,13 38,1<this dark> 40,1<with several clear dark striae, and
a sharp, wavy marginal one> 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 63,3
66<\i{}Prunus spinosa\i0{} and \i{}Rhamnus\i0{}> 69,1 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&8&9
71,8-12/1-4<hibernating> 72<\i{}T. dubitata\i0{} (The Tissue)> 73,5
75<triphosa> 2,2&3
 
# \i{}Venusia\i0{} <Curtis>/
6,1 7,2 9,1 14,28-31 18<slightly>,3/1 22<pale grey with dark striae>
23,15 25,2 27,1-2 34,2 35<pale grey to whitish> 36,2/15 38,2 40,1<with
darker posterior lines> 47,2 48,2 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2 59,1 62,2 63,3
69,1 70,3&4&5&9 71,6&7 72<\i{}V. cambrica\i0{} (Welsh Wave)> 73,5
74<Thorax glabrous beneath> 75<venusia> 66<\i{}Sorbus aucuparia\i0{}
(Mountain Ash)>
 
# \i{}Xanthorhoe\i0{} <Hbner>/
1<\i{}Coremia, Malenydris, Ochyria\i0{}> 6,1 7<usually>,2 9,2 14,24-34
18,1/3 22<whitish, greyish, greyish-ochreous, or reddish-ochreous>
23,2/3/4/8/11/13/14/15 25,1<this dark fuscous or black> 27<nearly
always>,1<this dark, sometimes incomplete or lighter towards the hind
margin> 34,2 35<whitish, greyish-whitish, grey, fuscous, pale ochreous,
etc.> 36,2/3/4/14/13/15/11 38,1/2 40,1 47,2 48,1 55,1 56,2/3<?> 58,2
59,1 63,3 66<diverse Dicot herbs, especialy \i{}Cruciferae\i0{}, and
\i{}X. montanata\i0{} also on grasses> 69,8 70,1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9
71,5-8<sometimes double brooded> 72<\i{}X. biriviata\i0{} (Balsam
Carpet), \i{}X. designata\i0{} (Flame Carpet), \i{}X. ferrugata\i0{}
(Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet), \i{}X. fluctuata\i0{} (Garden Carpet),
\i{}X. montanata\i0{} (Silver-ground Carpet), \i{}X. decoloraria\i0{} 
(Red Carpet), \i{}X. spadicearia\i0{} (Red Twin-spot Carpet), \i{}X.
quadrifasiata\i0{} (Large Twin-spot Carpet)> 73,5 75<xanthorh> 
