*COMMENT Taxon images for HTML descriptions.
*TAXON IMAGES
# \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} <L.>/
      earven01.jpg <@subject Equisetum arvense: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=9 y=5
                                t=\i{}E. arvense\i0{} L.: fertile stem (right),
                                with (lower left) details of a sporangiophore;
                                and sterile stem, with detail of a stem sheath
                                (lower left). From Sowerby and Johnson, 1859.>
	  ebot1889.jpg <@subject E. arvense: Eng. Bot. 1889 (1886)>								
      bent318.jpg <@subject Equisetum arvense (from Curtis)>
                  <@text x=11 y=5
                               t=Equisetum arvense L. (from Curtis, 1830).>
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>
      earven02.jpg <@subject Equisetum arvense L.: sporophyte epidermis,
                            prothalli>
                   <@text x=13 y=7
                                t=\i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L. 1, epidermis
                                from an internode of the sterile stem, showing
                                the (non-sunken) stomata and silica deposits. 2,
                                prothalli: vertical section through a female
                                prothallus (left), showing archegonia (a, two of
                                them abortive) and rhizoids (h); and a male
                                prothallus (right), showing developing and
                                mature antheridia (a). 1 from de Candolle
                                (1835), 2 from Goebel (1887).>

# \i{}Equisetum fluviatile\i0{} <L.>/
      elimos01.jpg <@subject Equisetum fluviatile: from Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=9 y=5
                                t=\i{}E. fluviatile\i0{} L. Young (left) and
                                mature fertile stems, part of rhizome, and
                                details of a sporangiophore (lower right) and a
                                spore (lower left). From Sowerby and Johnson
                                (1859).>
	  ebot1893.jpg <@subject E. fluviatile: as E. limosum, Eng. Bot. 1893 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>
      elimos02.jpg <@subject E. fluviatile: cone, rhizome and prothallus>
                   <@text x=117 y=10
                                t=\i{}Equisetum fluviatile\i0{} L. Cone (a),
                                rhizome with tubers (b), and (c) a prothallus
                                showing antheridia and two archegonia (the one
                                at left surrounded by anterozoids). From Le
                                Maout and Decaisne (1873).>
      elimos03.jpg <@subject E. fluviatile: details of spore development>
                   <@text x=13 y=9
                                t=From Goebel (1887).>

# \i{}Equisetum hyemale\i0{} <L.>/
      ehyema01.jpg <@subject E. hyemale: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=9 y=5
                                t=\i{}Equisetum hyemale\i0{} L. With details of
                                sporangiophore (lower left), and part of the
                                transverse section of an internode (lower
                                right). From Sowerby and Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1894.jpg <@subject E. hyemale: Eng. Bot. 1894 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>
      debar024.jpg <@subject E. hyemale: details of a stoma>
                   <@text x=8 y=8
                                t=Equisetum hyemale L. Stomatal details, from De
                                Barry (1884).>

# \i{}Equisetum\i0{}  \i{}litorale\i0{} <Khlew. ex Rupr.>/

# \i{}Equisetum\i0{}  \i{}moorei\i0{} <Newm.>/
      emoore01.jpg <@subject E.  moorei: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=9 y=5
                                t=\i{}Equisetum moorei\i0{} Newm. With details
                                of stem sheaths (lower left). From Sowerby and
                                Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1895.jpg <@subject E. x moorei: as E. moorei, Eng. Bot. 1895 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>

# \i{}Equisetum palustre\i0{} <L.>/
      epalus01.jpg <@subject E. palustre, fertile stem: Sowerby and Johnson, 1859>
                   <@text x=9 y=5
                                t=\i{}Equisetum palustre\i0{} L. Fertile stem,
                                with part of internode transverse section. From
                                Sowerby and Johnson (1859).>
      epalus02.jpg <@subject E. palustre, variety: Sowerby and Johnson, 1859>
                   <@text x=8 y=4
                                t=\i{}Equisetum palustre\i0{} L. var.
                                \i{}polystachion\i0{}, with detail of a primary
                                stem sheath. From Sowerby and Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1892.jpg <@subject E. palustre: Eng. Bot. 1892 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>
      epalus03.jpg <@subject E. palustre: details of fertile stem,
                            sporangiophore and spores>
                   <@text x=16 y=8
                                t=\i{}Equisetum palustre\i0{} L. a-e, fertile
                                stem (a, internode; b, sheaths on main stem; c,
                                branch sheaths; d and e, cone with
                                sporangiophores; g, detail of a sporangiophore,
                                inverted to show 7 dehisced sporangia; h, a
                                spore with elaters wrapped around it (above) and
                                spread. From De Candolle (1835).>

# \i{}Equisetum pratense\i0{} <Ehrh.>/
	  ebot1890.jpg <@subject E. pratense: Eng. Bot. 1890 (1886)>
      eumbro01.jpg <@subject E. pratense: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=121 y=4
                                t=\i{}Equisetum umbrosum\i0{} Willdenow. Fertile
                                stem with cone (right); the lower part of a
                                sterile stem, showing sparse branching and
                                relatively short first internodes on the
                                branches (left), and the upper part, with longer
                                first internodes on the numerous branches
                                (cente). Below, detail of a node of the sterile
                                main stem, showing the lowermost sheath of a
                                primary branch. From Sowerby and Johnson (1859;
                                labelled by them \i{}E. umbrosum\i0{}. \i{}E.
                                umbrosum\i0{} Meyer ex Willd. is now listed as a
                                synonym of \i{}E. pratense\i0{}, but the
                                identity of the plant figured needs further
                                checking)>
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>

# \i{}Equisetum ramosissimum\i0{} <Desf.>/

# \i{}Equisetum sylvaticum\i0{} <L.>/
      esylva01.jpg <@subject E. sylvaticum: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=9 y=5
                                t=\i{}E. sylvaticum\i0{} L.: fertile stem, with
                                details of sporangiophore (lower right) and a
                                spore with spread elaters (lower right). From
                                Sowerby and Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1891.jpg <@subject E. sylvaticum: Eng. Bot. 1891 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>
      esylva02.jpg <@subject E. sylvaticum: fertile and sterile stems, and
                            rhizome>
                   <@text x=8 y=4
                                t=\i{}Equisetum sylvaticum\i0{} L. Early season,
                                showing a fertile stem at the unbranched (right)
                                and a later branched stage (left), and a young
                                sterile stem with the secondary branching not
                                yet apparent. From Le Maout and Decaisne
                                (1873).>

# \i{}Equisetum telmateia\i0{} <Ehrh.>/
      etelma01.jpg <@subject E. telmateia: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=8 y=4
                                t=\i{}E. telmateia\i0{} Ehrh. Fertile and
                                sterile stems, and detail of part of a
                                transverse section of an internode of the
                                latter. From Sowerby and Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1888.jpg <@subject E. telmateia: as E. maximum, Eng. Bot. 1888 (1886)>							
      etelma03.jpg <@subject E. telmateia: stem internode anatomy>
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>

# \i{}Equisetum\i0{}  \i{}trachyodon\i0{} <A. Br.>/
      emacka01.jpg <@subject E.  trachyodon: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=8 y=4
                                t=\i{}Equisetum  trachyodon\i0{} A. Br. With
                                (below) details of stem sheaths, and part of the
                                transverse section of an internode. From Sowerby
                                and Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1896.jpg <@subject E. x trachyodon: as E. trachyodon, Eng. Bot. 1896 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>

# \i{}Equisetum variegatum\i0{} <Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr>/
      evarie01.jpg <@subject E. variegatum: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=9 y=4
                                t=\i{}Equisetum variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex
                                Web. & Mohr. With (lower right) details of a
                                sporangiophore and part of the transverse
                                section of an internode. From Sowerby and
                                Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1897.jpg <@subject E. variegatum: Eng. Bot. 1897 (1886)>								
      ewilso01.jpg <@subject E. variegatum var. wilsonii: Sowerby and Johnson (1859)>
                   <@text x=8 y=5
                                t=\i{}Equisetum variegatum\i0{}, var.
                                \i{}wilsonii\i0{} (Newm.) Milde. With (below)
                                details of an immature cone and adjoining
                                sheaths, part of a stem sheath, and (botton
                                right) part of the transverse section of an
                                internode. From Sowerby and Johnson (1859).>
	  ebot1898.jpg <@subject E. variegatum var. wilsonii: Eng. Bot. 1898 (1886)>								
      sjequi01.jpg <@subject 10 British and Irish Equisetum species and hybrids: Sowerby
                            and Johnson, 1863>
                   <@text x=78 y=6
                                t=1701, \i{}Equisetum arvense\i0{} L.; 1702,
                                \i{}E. pratense\i0{} Ehrh.; 1703, \i{}E.
                                telmateia\i0{} Ehrh.; 1704, \i{}E.
                                sylvaticum\i0{} L.; 1705, \i{}E. fluviatile\i0{}
                                L.; 1706, \i{}E. palustre\i0{} L.; 1707, \i{}E.
                                hyemale\i0{} L.; 1708, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}moorei\i0{} Newman; 1709, \i{}E.\i0{} x
                                \i{}trachyodon\i0{} A.Br.; 1710, \i{}E.
                                variegatum\i0{} Schleich. ex Web. & Mohr; 1711,
                                \i{}E.variegatum\i0{} var. \i{}wilsonii\i0{}
                                (Newm.) Milde. From Sowerby and Johnson (1863).>

# \i{}Extinct Sphenopsida\i0{}/
      htfoss01.jpg <@subject Equisetalean fossils: Calamites, Asterophyllites,
                            Annularia>
                   <@text x=9 y=9
                                t=Equisetales from the Carboniferous period. a,
                                reconstruction of a \i{}Calamites\i0{} species,
                                manifestly \i{}Equisetum\i0{}-like in habit, but
                                up to 30 m high with a woody main stem; b and c,
                                compressions of vegetative shoots of calamites
                                from the Upper Carboniferous of Missouri:
                                \i{}Asterophyllites\i0{} (b), and
                                \i{}Annularia\i0{} (c). From Andrews (1961).>

