*COMMENT ~ Character notes. 
 
*CHARACTER NOTES 
#2-3. Mostly via cross referencing with Macvicar (1926). 
#12. \i{}Flagellum\i0{}: a slender branch with or without vestigial 
leaves, bearing rhizoids.
\par{} \i{}Flagelliform\i0{}: of a leafy stem or branch which is
distally attenuated and flagella-like.
#13. \i{}Paraphyllia\i0{}: simple or branched, ciliate or lamellate
appendages scattered among the stem leaves.
#14. \i{}Acrogynous (acrogenous)\i0{}: archegonia and sporophytes 
or female receptacles terminating axes, resulting in sympodial
growth.
\par{} \i{}anacrogynous (anacrogenous)\i0{}: archegonia and 
sporophytes or female receptacles arising from behind the 
apical cell, dorsal or only ostensibly terminal, generally
resulting in monopodial growth. 
#15. \i{}Trigones\i0{}: wall thickenings a the angles of cells. 
#16. \i{}Mamillose\i0{}: referring to a nipple-like projection from
the epidermis. 
#19. \i{}Tuberculate\i0{} rhizoid: a rhizoid with papilla-like
projections from the inner walls. 
#21. \i{}Julaceous\i0{}: of shoots that appear cylindrical and
worm-like, owing to tightly appressed, imbricate leaves. 
#27. \i{}Incubous\i0{}: of a leafy stem with leaves arranged such that
the forward margin of each overlaps the rear margin of the one
immediately distal to it on the same side. Contrast with
\i{}succubous\i0{}, where the hind margin of each leaf overlaps the
forward margin of the one behind it. Applicable to stems with leaves
that are more or less obliquely to longitudinally inserted and
overlapping.
#33. \i{}Complicate-bilobed\i0{}: of bilobed leaves having the
lobes closely folded together, with the antical (dorsal) lobe
lying over the postical (ventral) lobe or lobule and usually
(i.e., except when the lobule is helmet-shaped) with their adaxial
surfaces facing each other.
#37. \i{}Stylus\i0{}: a small awl-like, narrow or flattened structure
associated with the base of a ventral leaf lobe. 
#38. \i{}Vitta\i0{}: a band comprizing one or more rows of
longitudinally elongated and thickened cells in a leaf. 
#53-56. \i{}Gemma\i0{}(\i{}e\i0{}): vegetative propagules borne on
leaves, stems or thalli. 
#68. \i{}Pseudoperianth\i0{} (of thalloid liverworts): a sheath or
protective stucture arising from the thallus, protecting two or more
archegonia and subsequently a sporophyte.
#70-72. \i{}Receptacles\i0{}: in Marchantiales, specialized
structures borne on the thallys bearing sexual or asexual 
reproductive structures.
#79. \i{}Perigynium\i0{}: a fleshy, tubular structure, developed from
the stem apex after fertilization of an archegonium and protecting the
sporophyte. Often surmounted by a perianth (q.v.). 
#80. \i{}Marsupium\i0{}: a perigynial downgrowth from a stem apex bearing
rhizoids, which comes to surround the developing sporophyte and carries 
it into the substrate. 
#83. \i{}Bracteole\i0{} (of leafy liverworts): in the present context,
a single foliar structure associated with bracts subtending antheridia
or archegonia, sometimes fused to one or both of them. Usually
interpretable as a modified underleaf. 
#84-87. \i{}Perianth\i0{} (of leafy liverworts): a tubular structure
which initially encloses and serves to protect the developing sporophyte.
It develops subsequent to fertilisation of an archegonium, by fusion of
two leaves, or of two leaves plus an underleaf. 
#88. \i{}Calyptra\i0{}: a structure developed from the venter of an
archegonium, which constitutes a thin protective covering
of the immature sporophyte, occuring internally to
perianth and perigynium, ultimately rupturing distally and remaining
near the base of the seta.
#96:98-100. \i{}Elaters\i0{}: specialised, elongated cells with spiral
thickening accompanying spores within capsules and derived via mitotic
divisions of sporogenous tissue. Associated with spore dispersal.
\par{} \i{}Elaterophore\i0{}: a structure within the capsule to which 
clusters of elaters remain attached.
 
