| # Anastrepha and Toxotrypana: descriptions, illustrations, and interactive keys |

Allen L. Norrbom, Cheslavo A. Korytkowski, Roberto A. Zucchi, Keiko Uramoto, George L. Venable, Jerrett McCormick and Michael J. Dallwitz

### Anastrepha trimaculata Tigrero & Salas

Body. Setae dark red brown, or dark brown to black.

Head. Frons without brown markings except ocellar tubercle. Occiput without brown marks. Frontal setae 3–5 (4, n=1). Orbital setae 2. Ocellar seta weak, small or absent. Gena without brown spot. Facial carina in profile concave or flat on dorsal 2/3.

Thorax. Mesonotum length 3.3–3.8 mm (3.45–3.65, n=3 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)). Postpronotal, presutural supra-alar, dorsocentral, intra-alar and scutellar setae well developed, subequal to or longer than scutellum length; postpronotal seta on posterior half of postpronotal lobe. Acrostichal seta well developed. Basal scutellar seta strong, longer than scutellum. Katepisternal seta weak, no larger than postocellar seta. Mesonotum yellow, or orange; with short presutural lateral pale vitta on lateral margin of scutum, not extended onto notopleuron, or with presutural lateral pale vitta on lateral margin of scutum, extended to posterior notopleural seta, or with presutural lateral pale vitta on lateral margin of scutum and posterior part of notopleuron (including posterior corner) (appears to be complete but poorly differentiated in Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3). Scutum presutural dorsocentral pale vitta absent; with 3 (both medial and sublateral) pale postsutural vittae; pale medial vitta with posterior end ovoid (broadly ovoid, extended laterally to dorsocentral seta); pale sublateral postsutural vitta extended posteriorly to intra-alar seta. Scutum posteriorly with brown or orange brown band or other transverse marking or larger posteromedial mark. Scutum posteriorly with dark band or broad marking on posterior margin (broader and darker medially and laterally), or with irregular brown markings; scutal posterior brown band not extended laterally to include intra-alar seta; without brown vittae. Scutellum entirely yellow or with dark markings only on extreme base of disk. Mesopleuron mostly yellow to orange, without brown markings. Subscutellum entirely yellow to orange. Mediotergite entirely yellow to orange.

Wings. Wing length 7.5–8.5 mm (7.921–8.119, n=3 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)). Wing pattern typical Anastrepha pattern (S-band complete or at most interrupted at crossvein r-m, C-band and at least proximal arm of V-band present). C-band broadly extending to vein M in cell br along cell bm; covering base of cell r2+3; yellow or orange area posterior to pterostigma broad, extending distally into cells r1 and r2+3 at least to level of midlength of pterostigma. C-band and S-band separated (by hyaline band from cell bm to costal margin in cell r1, narrowed along veins R2+3 and R4+5). S-band extended anteriorly to vein R4+5 and covering all of crossvein r-m. Cell bm entirely hyaline or infuscated only along subapical fold. S-band base without extension in middle of cell cu1 to posterior wing margin; without extension in cell a1 to or almost to posterior margin. S-band middle section predominantly or entirely orange, often with brown margins. Subapical hyaline area in radial cells distal to r-m extending anteriorly into cell r1 (**ask Tigrero if consistent). S-band distal section without marginal hyaline band or spots in cell r2+3 or near apices of R2+3 or R4+5. S-band distally not extended to apex of vein M (narrowly separated). V-band proximal arm as dark as apical half of S-band; extending more than 1/3 distance from apex of vein Cu1 to apex of vein A1+Cu2, or extending less than 1/3 distance from apex of vein Cu1 to apex of vein A1+Cu2; not connected anteriorly to S-band; not connected to S-band in cell dm. V-band distal arm complete; isolated, not connected to proximal arm of V-band or to S-band. S-band distal section width ratio (width of S-band/width of cell r2+3, both measured perpendicular to costal margin at apex of vein R2+3) 0.5–0.8 (0.62 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Cell c: pterostigma ratio (cell c length/pterostigma length) 1.1–1.25 (1.18 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Pterostigma ratio 3.5–4.2 (3.84 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Vein R1 ratio (distance from wing base to apex of R1/wing length) 0.53–0.59 (0.56 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Vein R2+3 not sinuous; without accessory vein. Vein M ratio (distance from bm-cu to r-m/distance from bm-cu to dm-cu) 0.66–0.74 (0.71 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Vein M curvature ratio (width of cell r4+5 at apex/width at level of dm-cu) 0.65–0.8 (0.71 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Cell bcu ratio (length/anterior margin length along vein Cu) 1.5–1.75 (1.62 (based on measurements of Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3)). Crossvein dm-cu orientation with anterior end more distal than posterior end.

Abdomen. Abdominal tergite without brown markings. Oviscape length 4.2–4.8 mm (4.436–4.598, n=3 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)); ratio (oviscape length/mesonotum length) 1.2–1.35 (1.26–1.29 (based on min/min and max/max values for oviscape and mesonotum length reported by Tigrero & Salas 2007)). Aculeus length 4–4.55 mm (4.223–4.348, n=3 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)). Aculeus length/oviscape length 0.9–1 (0.95 (based on min/min and max/max values for aculeus and oviscape length reported by Tigrero & Salas 2007)). Aculeus tip length 0.36–0.43 mm (0.390–0.395, n=3 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)); width 0.12–0.16 mm (0.134–0.151, n=3 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)); length/width in ventral view 2.5–3 (2.75 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)); lateral margins not curved dorsally; tapered basally, then parallel-sided, then gradually tapered; not flared outward at or proximal to base; without ridges or lobes; without elongate dorsolateral depressions apically; with fine serrations, or with medium sized serrations; serrated part 0.4–0.6 times length of tip (0.50 (Tigrero & Salas 2007)). Aculeus tip serrations not extending onto dorsal side basally. Aculeus tip with serrations separated by less than width of serration.

Miscellaneous. Data source: Tigrero & Salas 2007. Sex of recorded specimens: female. Species group: not assigned to a species group.

Biology and economic significance. This species is not considered economically important. Refer to the 'Tephritidae Databases' in the USDA Compendium of Fruit Fly Host Information (https://coffhi.cphst.org/) for host plant information.

Illustrations. • Thorax (Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3). • Wing (Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 3). • Terminalia, female (Tigrero & Salas 2007, fig. 4).

We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.

Cite this publication as: ‘Norrbom, A.L., Korytkowski, C.A., Zucchi, R.A., Uramoto, K., Venable, G.L., McCormick, J., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2012 onwards. Anastrepha and Toxotrypana: descriptions, illustrations, and interactive keys. Version: 21st November 2023. delta-intkey.com’.

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